{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4239187837","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/micro.2002.1176243","title":"Convergent scheduling","display_name":"Convergent scheduling","publication_year":2003,"publication_date":"2003-06-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4239187837","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/micro.2002.1176243"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/micro.2002.1176243","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/micro.2002.1176243","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"35th Annual IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Microarchitecture, 2002. (MICRO-35). Proceedings.","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034888354","display_name":"W. Lee","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"W. Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000212800","display_name":"Di\u00e9go Puppin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"D. Puppin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009411642","display_name":"Shane Michael Swenson","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Swenson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046791216","display_name":"Saman Amarasinghe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7231-7643"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Amarasinghe","raw_affiliation_strings":["Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5034888354"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7082,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79090888,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"111","last_page":"122"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10715","display_name":"Distributed and Parallel Computing Systems","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10715","display_name":"Distributed and Parallel Computing Systems","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10054","display_name":"Parallel Computing and Optimization Techniques","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12288","display_name":"Optimization and Search Problems","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8543267250061035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/very-long-instruction-word","display_name":"Very long instruction word","score":0.6993787288665771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheduling","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","score":0.6427478790283203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/instruction-scheduling","display_name":"Instruction scheduling","score":0.5830146074295044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heuristics","display_name":"Heuristics","score":0.5265795588493347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.5165838003158569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.5092278718948364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/job-shop-scheduling","display_name":"Job shop scheduling","score":0.46573251485824585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fair-share-scheduling","display_name":"Fair-share scheduling","score":0.40861040353775024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/schedule","display_name":"Schedule","score":0.3905203342437744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/two-level-scheduling","display_name":"Two-level scheduling","score":0.37074851989746094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.35170215368270874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.09510934352874756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.07807129621505737}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8543267250061035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170595534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249743","display_name":"Very long instruction word","level":2,"score":0.6993787288665771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206729178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2271896","display_name":"Scheduling (production processes)","level":2,"score":0.6427478790283203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73564150","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11417093","display_name":"Instruction scheduling","level":5,"score":0.5830146074295044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127705205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5748245","display_name":"Heuristics","level":2,"score":0.5265795588493347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.5165838003158569},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.5092278718948364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55416958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6206757","display_name":"Job shop scheduling","level":3,"score":0.46573251485824585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31689143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q733809","display_name":"Fair-share scheduling","level":3,"score":0.40861040353775024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68387754","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7271585","display_name":"Schedule","level":2,"score":0.3905203342437744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119948110","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7858726","display_name":"Two-level scheduling","level":4,"score":0.37074851989746094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.35170215368270874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.09510934352874756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.07807129621505737}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/micro.2002.1176243","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/micro.2002.1176243","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"35th Annual IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Microarchitecture, 2002. (MICRO-35). Proceedings.","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W12207660","https://openalex.org/W105128281","https://openalex.org/W1577524924","https://openalex.org/W2005985523","https://openalex.org/W2040167141","https://openalex.org/W2063255488","https://openalex.org/W2084451631","https://openalex.org/W2101536355","https://openalex.org/W2110423393","https://openalex.org/W2129207930","https://openalex.org/W2129962996","https://openalex.org/W2131749445","https://openalex.org/W2142550124","https://openalex.org/W2142685136","https://openalex.org/W2172212694","https://openalex.org/W4237382706","https://openalex.org/W4238186158","https://openalex.org/W4242172296","https://openalex.org/W4242368470","https://openalex.org/W4242539338","https://openalex.org/W4242861182","https://openalex.org/W4246289115","https://openalex.org/W6604335647","https://openalex.org/W6634469315"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2734211308","https://openalex.org/W1506210504","https://openalex.org/W2103250493","https://openalex.org/W2353958330","https://openalex.org/W4213212800","https://openalex.org/W181259032","https://openalex.org/W1562291658","https://openalex.org/W1562235936","https://openalex.org/W25941182","https://openalex.org/W1486979824"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Convergent":[0,187],"scheduling":[1,11,127,143,188,217],"is":[2,18,157,189],"a":[3,25,29,37,58,86,101,152,220],"general":[4],"framework":[5],"for":[6,47,71],"cluster":[7,185],"assignment":[8,215],"and":[9,44,74,114,135,151,169,208,216],"instruction":[10],"on":[12,219],"spatial":[13,43,146],"architectures.":[14],"A":[15,77],"convergent":[16,97,126,142],"scheduler":[17,98,203],"composed":[19],"of":[20,64,88,131,197,204,211],"independent":[21,113],"passes,":[22],"each":[23,48,124],"implementing":[24],"heuristic":[26],"that":[27,41,90,103],"addresses":[28],"particular":[30],"problem":[31,130],"or":[32],"constraint.":[33],"The":[34],"passes":[35,89,111],"share":[36],"simple,":[38],"common":[39],"interface":[40,56,120],"provides":[42],"temporal":[45],"preference":[46],"instruction.":[49],"Preferences":[50],"are":[51,112,181],"not":[52],"absolute;":[53],"instead,":[54],"the":[55,62,93,96,106,129,148,200,205],"allows":[57],"pass":[59,78],"to":[60,116,121,144,159,177,191],"express":[61],"confidence":[63],"its":[65],"preferences,":[66],"as":[67,69,165,172,174],"well":[68,173],"preferences":[70],"multiple":[72,133],"space":[73],"time":[75],"slots.":[76],"operates":[79],"by":[80],"modifying":[81],"these":[82],"preferences.":[83],"By":[84],"applying":[85],"series":[87],"address":[91],"all":[92,105,110],"relevant":[94],"constraints,":[95],"can":[99],"produce":[100],"schedule":[102],"satisfies":[104],"important":[107],"constraints.":[108],"Because":[109],"need":[115],"understand":[117],"only":[118],"one":[119],"interact":[122],"with":[123,183],"other,":[125],"simplifies":[128],"handling":[132],"constraints":[134,163,175],"co-developing":[136],"different":[137],"heuristics.":[138],"We":[139],"have":[140],"applied":[141],"two":[145],"architectures:":[147],"Raw":[149,206],"processor":[150],"clustered":[153,221],"VLIW":[154,222],"machine.":[155],"It":[156],"able":[158,190],"successfully":[160],"handle":[161],"traditional":[162],"such":[164],"parallelism,":[166],"load":[167],"balancing,":[168],"communication":[170],"minimization,":[171],"due":[176],"preplaced":[178],"instructions,":[179],"which":[180],"instructions":[182],"predetermined":[184],"assignment.":[186],"obtain":[192],"an":[193,209],"average":[194],"performance":[195],"improvement":[196,210],"21%":[198],"over":[199,213],"existing":[201],"space-time":[202],"processor,":[207],"14%":[212],"state-of-the-art":[214],"techniques":[218],"architecture.":[223]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}