{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4285268685","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mic.2022.3190552","title":"Open Challenges in Federated Machine Learning","display_name":"Open Challenges in Federated Machine Learning","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-07-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4285268685","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mic.2022.3190552"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mic.2022.3190552","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mic.2022.3190552","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S205899252","display_name":"IEEE Internet Computing","issn_l":"1089-7801","issn":["1089-7801","1941-0131"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063590018","display_name":"Luciano Baresi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6467-837X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93860229","display_name":"Politecnico di Milano","ror":"https://ror.org/01nffqt88","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Luciano Baresi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6467-837X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025651991","display_name":"Giovanni Quattrocchi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0405-9814"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93860229","display_name":"Politecnico di Milano","ror":"https://ror.org/01nffqt88","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giovanni Quattrocchi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0405-9814","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067223328","display_name":"Nicholas Rasi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4868-4037"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93860229","display_name":"Politecnico di Milano","ror":"https://ror.org/01nffqt88","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nicholas Rasi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4868-4037","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5063590018"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.2197,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89452236,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"27","issue":"2","first_page":"20","last_page":"27"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10764","display_name":"Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11704","display_name":"Mobile Crowdsensing and Crowdsourcing","score":0.9948999881744385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13553","display_name":"Age of Information Optimization","score":0.9854999780654907,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8280278444290161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.5748586654663086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","score":0.5338640809059143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/federated-learning","display_name":"Federated learning","score":0.4827513098716736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.41827428340911865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4103321135044098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.37367045879364014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.33036571741104126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.2292991578578949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.1411304771900177}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8280278444290161},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.5748586654663086},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.5338640809059143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2992525071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50818671","display_name":"Federated learning","level":2,"score":0.4827513098716736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.41827428340911865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4103321135044098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.37367045879364014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.33036571741104126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.2292991578578949},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.1411304771900177}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/mic.2022.3190552","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mic.2022.3190552","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S205899252","display_name":"IEEE Internet Computing","issn_l":"1089-7801","issn":["1089-7801","1941-0131"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Internet Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:re.public.polimi.it:11311/1231394","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11311/1231394","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400312","display_name":"Virtual Community of Pathological Anatomy (University of Castilla La Mancha)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79189158","host_organization_name":"University of Castilla-La Mancha","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79189158"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:re.public.polimi.it:11311/1260920","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11311/1260920","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400312","display_name":"Virtual Community of Pathological Anatomy (University of Castilla La Mancha)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79189158","host_organization_name":"University of Castilla-La Mancha","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79189158"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.5799999833106995}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2473418344","https://openalex.org/W2798720628","https://openalex.org/W2912213068","https://openalex.org/W2951832089","https://openalex.org/W3005429940","https://openalex.org/W3012798438","https://openalex.org/W3038022836","https://openalex.org/W3038028469","https://openalex.org/W3045638580","https://openalex.org/W3105122387","https://openalex.org/W3112310000","https://openalex.org/W3173335341","https://openalex.org/W3184402277","https://openalex.org/W3196732985","https://openalex.org/W6728757088","https://openalex.org/W6759226220","https://openalex.org/W6759238902","https://openalex.org/W6782975926"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4298221930","https://openalex.org/W2777914285","https://openalex.org/W4287823391","https://openalex.org/W3013363440","https://openalex.org/W4312762663","https://openalex.org/W4317941881","https://openalex.org/W3035927627","https://openalex.org/W3128909129","https://openalex.org/W4308945107","https://openalex.org/W4319453716"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Federated":[0,46],"machine":[1,12,47],"learning":[2,13,48],"is":[3,75],"an":[4],"innovative":[5],"technique":[6],"to":[7,10,21,67,84],"allow":[8],"one":[9],"train":[11],"models":[14],"mainly":[15],"on":[16,37],"distributed":[17],"(user)":[18],"devices":[19,65],"not":[20],"share":[22],"private":[23],"data":[24,50],"with":[25],"third":[26],"parties.":[27],"Each":[28],"device":[29],"contributes":[30],"by":[31],"training":[32],"a":[33,40,68],"partial":[34],"model":[35],"based":[36],"local":[38],"data;":[39],"centralized":[41],"orchestrator":[42],"aggregates":[43],"the":[44,88],"results.":[45],"enhances":[49],"privacy":[51],"and":[52,78,86,95,103],"reduces":[53],"network":[54],"overhead,":[55],"but":[56],"it":[57],"requires":[58],"complex":[59],"coordination":[60],"mechanisms":[61],"that":[62,91],"handle":[63],"many":[64],"connected":[66],"potentially":[69],"unstable":[70],"network.":[71],"While":[72],"this":[73,81],"approach":[74],"gaining":[76],"more":[77,79],"traction,":[80],"article":[82],"tries":[83],"summarize":[85],"highlight":[87],"key":[89],"challenges":[90],"are":[92],"still":[93],"open":[94],"calls":[96],"for":[97],"further":[98],"contributions":[99],"from":[100],"both":[101],"academia":[102],"industry.":[104]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}