{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1891556343","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mfi.2015.7295737","title":"TrackSort: Predictive tracking for sorting uncooperative bulk materials","display_name":"TrackSort: Predictive tracking for sorting uncooperative bulk materials","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1891556343","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mfi.2015.7295737","mag":"1891556343"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mfi.2015.7295737","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mfi.2015.7295737","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 IEEE International Conference on Multisensor Fusion and Integration for Intelligent Systems (MFI)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://publikationen.bibliothek.kit.edu/1000051035/78161209","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000916925","display_name":"Florian Pfaff","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2987-7685"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102335020","display_name":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04t3en479","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102335020","https://openalex.org/I1305996414"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Florian Pfaff","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intelligent Sensor-Actuator-Systems Laboratory (ISAS), Institute for Anthropomatics and Robotics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intelligent Sensor-Actuator-Systems Laboratory (ISAS), Institute for Anthropomatics and Robotics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053963755","display_name":"Marcus Baum","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0953-9032"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102335020","display_name":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04t3en479","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102335020","https://openalex.org/I1305996414"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marcus Baum","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intelligent Sensor-Actuator-Systems Laboratory (ISAS), Institute for Anthropomatics and Robotics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intelligent Sensor-Actuator-Systems Laboratory (ISAS), Institute for Anthropomatics and Robotics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080767310","display_name":"Benjamin Noack","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8996-5738"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102335020","display_name":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04t3en479","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102335020","https://openalex.org/I1305996414"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Benjamin Noack","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intelligent Sensor-Actuator-Systems Laboratory (ISAS), Institute for Anthropomatics and Robotics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intelligent Sensor-Actuator-Systems Laboratory (ISAS), Institute for Anthropomatics and Robotics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055331421","display_name":"Uwe D. Hanebeck","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9870-2331"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102335020","display_name":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04t3en479","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102335020","https://openalex.org/I1305996414"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Uwe D. Hanebeck","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intelligent Sensor-Actuator-Systems Laboratory (ISAS), Institute for Anthropomatics and Robotics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intelligent Sensor-Actuator-Systems Laboratory (ISAS), Institute for Anthropomatics and Robotics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081965716","display_name":"Robin Gruna","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1041-6750"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210111500","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute of Optronics, System Technologies and Image Exploitation","ror":"https://ror.org/01zx97922","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111500","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robin Gruna","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer Institute of Optronics, System Technologies and Image Exploitation (IOSB), Germany","Fraunhofer Institute of Optronics, System Technologies, and Image Exploitation - IOSB (Germany)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer Institute of Optronics, System Technologies and Image Exploitation (IOSB), Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210111500"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer Institute of Optronics, System Technologies, and Image Exploitation - IOSB (Germany)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210111500"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025271723","display_name":"Thomas L\u00e4ngle","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210111500","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute of Optronics, System Technologies and Image Exploitation","ror":"https://ror.org/01zx97922","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111500","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas Langle","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer Institute of Optronics, System Technologies and Image Exploitation (IOSB), Germany","Fraunhofer Institute of Optronics, System Technologies, and Image Exploitation - IOSB (Germany)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer Institute of Optronics, System Technologies and Image Exploitation (IOSB), Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210111500"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer Institute of Optronics, System Technologies, and Image Exploitation - IOSB (Germany)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210111500"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073930300","display_name":"J\u00fcrgen Beyerer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3556-7181"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210111500","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute of Optronics, System Technologies and Image Exploitation","ror":"https://ror.org/01zx97922","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111500","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jurgen Beyerer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer Institute of Optronics, System Technologies and Image Exploitation (IOSB), Germany","Fraunhofer Institute of Optronics, System Technologies, and Image Exploitation - IOSB (Germany)"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer Institute of Optronics, System Technologies and Image Exploitation (IOSB), Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210111500"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer Institute of Optronics, System Technologies, and Image Exploitation - IOSB (Germany)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210111500"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5000916925"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.4847,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8083049,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"7","last_page":"12"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10914","display_name":"Tactile and Sensory Interactions","score":0.9763000011444092,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10914","display_name":"Tactile and Sensory Interactions","score":0.9763000011444092,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10191","display_name":"Robotics and Sensor-Based Localization","score":0.9613999724388123,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12784","display_name":"Modular Robots and Swarm Intelligence","score":0.9613000154495239,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sort","display_name":"sort","score":0.8795520067214966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sorting","display_name":"Sorting","score":0.8020074367523193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7096827030181885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tracking","display_name":"Tracking (education)","score":0.6745738983154297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.5655961036682129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extension","display_name":"Extension (predicate logic)","score":0.48098528385162354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.37583106756210327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.36085212230682373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.20751726627349854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.11451223492622375}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88548561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q347599","display_name":"sort","level":2,"score":0.8795520067214966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111696304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2303697","display_name":"Sorting","level":2,"score":0.8020074367523193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7096827030181885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775936607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466845","display_name":"Tracking (education)","level":2,"score":0.6745738983154297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5655961036682129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778029271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5421931","display_name":"Extension (predicate logic)","level":2,"score":0.48098528385162354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.37583106756210327},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.36085212230682373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.20751726627349854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.11451223492622375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19417346","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7922","display_name":"Pedagogy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/mfi.2015.7295737","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mfi.2015.7295737","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2015 IEEE International Conference on Multisensor Fusion and Integration for Intelligent Systems (MFI)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:EVASTAR-Karlsruhe.de:1000051035","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://publikationen.bibliothek.kit.edu/1000051035","pdf_url":"https://publikationen.bibliothek.kit.edu/1000051035/78161209","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401992","display_name":"Repository KITopen (Karlsruhe Institute of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I102335020","host_organization_name":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"doc-type:conferenceObject"},{"id":"pmh:oai:fraunhofer.de:N-364056","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://publica.fraunhofer.de/documents/N-364056.html","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400318","display_name":"Fraunhofer-Publica (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4923324","host_organization_name":"Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4923324"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Fraunhofer IOSB","raw_type":"Conference Paper"},{"id":"pmh:oai:publica.fraunhofer.de:publica/389284","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://publica.fraunhofer.de/handle/publica/389284","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400318","display_name":"Fraunhofer-Publica (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4923324","host_organization_name":"Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4923324"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"conference paper"},{"id":"doi:10.5445/ir/1000051035","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.5445/ir/1000051035","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407052948","display_name":"KITopen","issn_l":null,"issn":[],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:EVASTAR-Karlsruhe.de:1000051035","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://publikationen.bibliothek.kit.edu/1000051035","pdf_url":"https://publikationen.bibliothek.kit.edu/1000051035/78161209","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401992","display_name":"Repository KITopen (Karlsruhe Institute of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I102335020","host_organization_name":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"doc-type:conferenceObject"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1891556343.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1891556343.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W34992941","https://openalex.org/W405321894","https://openalex.org/W1568122762","https://openalex.org/W1855227287","https://openalex.org/W2020631470","https://openalex.org/W2021544026","https://openalex.org/W2084518454","https://openalex.org/W2482783901","https://openalex.org/W2530501582","https://openalex.org/W2611684114","https://openalex.org/W6728474856"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2361805396","https://openalex.org/W2056244779","https://openalex.org/W2095055219","https://openalex.org/W2482527088","https://openalex.org/W2362374543","https://openalex.org/W2116295091","https://openalex.org/W4319430205","https://openalex.org/W3121711078","https://openalex.org/W2085265870","https://openalex.org/W2348196682"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Optical":[0],"belt":[1,32,93],"sorters":[2,33,94],"are":[3,13,66,113],"a":[4,46],"versatile,":[5],"state-of-the-art":[6],"technology":[7],"to":[8,15,29,44,53,68,95],"sort":[9,16],"bulk":[10,100],"materials":[11,101],"that":[12,34,88,112],"hard":[14],"based":[17],"on":[18],"only":[19],"nonvisual":[20],"properties.":[21],"In":[22],"this":[23],"paper,":[24],"we":[25,65,107],"propose":[26],"an":[27,41],"extension":[28],"current":[30],"optical":[31],"involves":[35],"replacing":[36],"the":[37,70,79,82],"line":[38],"camera":[39,43],"with":[40],"area":[42],"observe":[45,54],"wider":[47],"field":[48],"of":[49,72,81,99],"view,":[50],"allowing":[51],"us":[52],"each":[55,73],"particle":[56],"over":[57],"multiple":[58],"time":[59],"steps.":[60],"By":[61],"performing":[62],"multitarget":[63],"tracking,":[64],"able":[67],"improve":[69],"prediction":[71],"particle's":[74],"movement":[75],"and":[76],"thus":[77],"enhance":[78],"performance":[80],"utilized":[83],"separation":[84],"mechanism.":[85],"We":[86],"show":[87],"our":[89,117],"approach":[90],"will":[91],"allow":[92],"handle":[96],"new":[97,118],"classes":[98],"while":[102],"improving":[103],"cost":[104],"efficiency.":[105],"Furthermore,":[106],"lay":[108],"out":[109],"additional":[110],"extensions":[111],"made":[114],"possible":[115],"by":[116],"paradigm.":[119]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}