{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4405755390","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/metroxraine62247.2024.10795906","title":"Results of Measuring Immersion in a Cricket Simulation Game for Improved VR with Real-Time Time-of-Flight Performance Capture","display_name":"Results of Measuring Immersion in a Cricket Simulation Game for Improved VR with Real-Time Time-of-Flight Performance Capture","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-10-21","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4405755390","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/metroxraine62247.2024.10795906"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/metroxraine62247.2024.10795906","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/metroxraine62247.2024.10795906","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 IEEE International Conference on Metrology for eXtended Reality, Artificial Intelligence and Neural Engineering (MetroXRAINE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084482466","display_name":"Lionel Jayaraj","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7035-239X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I147554453","display_name":"University of Bedfordshire","ror":"https://ror.org/0400avk24","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I147554453"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lionel Jayaraj","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, University of Bedfordshire,Luton,United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, University of Bedfordshire,Luton,United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I147554453"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101646566","display_name":"James B. Wood","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5207-8438"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I147554453","display_name":"University of Bedfordshire","ror":"https://ror.org/0400avk24","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I147554453"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"James Wood","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, University of Bedfordshire,Luton,United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, University of Bedfordshire,Luton,United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I147554453"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055571960","display_name":"Marcia Gibson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5323-1265"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I147554453","display_name":"University of Bedfordshire","ror":"https://ror.org/0400avk24","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I147554453"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marcia Gibson","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, University of Bedfordshire,Luton,United Kingdom"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, University of Bedfordshire,Luton,United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I147554453"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3107,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.61192379,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"704","last_page":"709"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10648","display_name":"Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts","score":0.9747999906539917,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10648","display_name":"Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts","score":0.9747999906539917,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12125","display_name":"Aerospace and Aviation Technology","score":0.9642000198364258,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12677","display_name":"Sports Dynamics and Biomechanics","score":0.9398000240325928,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cricket","display_name":"Cricket","score":0.9147988557815552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/immersion","display_name":"Immersion (mathematics)","score":0.8924698829650879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6364484429359436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtual-reality","display_name":"Virtual reality","score":0.5709346532821655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simulation","display_name":"Simulation","score":0.5630818605422974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flight-simulator","display_name":"Flight simulator","score":0.5461744070053101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.3682936728000641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aeronautics","display_name":"Aeronautics","score":0.3459864854812622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.17071840167045593}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781313515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q98957255","display_name":"Cricket","level":2,"score":0.9147988557815552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199068039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574523","display_name":"Immersion (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.8924698829650879},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6364484429359436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194969405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170519","display_name":"Virtual reality","level":2,"score":0.5709346532821655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.5630818605422974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41376638","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214932","display_name":"Flight simulator","level":2,"score":0.5461744070053101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.3682936728000641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178802073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8421","display_name":"Aeronautics","level":1,"score":0.3459864854812622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.17071840167045593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/metroxraine62247.2024.10795906","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/metroxraine62247.2024.10795906","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 IEEE International Conference on Metrology for eXtended Reality, Artificial Intelligence and Neural Engineering (MetroXRAINE)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4399999976158142,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W166444551","https://openalex.org/W1551717579","https://openalex.org/W2071074483","https://openalex.org/W2128892972","https://openalex.org/W2136757566","https://openalex.org/W2158435382","https://openalex.org/W2461014350","https://openalex.org/W2466598963","https://openalex.org/W2468518589","https://openalex.org/W2471378168","https://openalex.org/W2472405374","https://openalex.org/W2476643057","https://openalex.org/W2566876380"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2378132701","https://openalex.org/W3000714840","https://openalex.org/W2902011785","https://openalex.org/W2499924112","https://openalex.org/W2017424540","https://openalex.org/W3178192039","https://openalex.org/W2974872513","https://openalex.org/W3115224380","https://openalex.org/W3211501801","https://openalex.org/W2382303480"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,33,94,224,290],"research":[1,34,110,194],"presented":[2],"in":[3,18,130,132,238,287,296],"this":[4,114,176,297],"paper":[5],"involves":[6],"the":[7,38,50,71,86,91,105,124,127,140,151,163,166,193,202,212,221,245,285],"design":[8],"and":[9,80,172,180,207,232,256,265,283],"implementation":[10,141,164],"of":[11,57,126,142,165,241],"a":[12,19,77,133,186,249,262],"system":[13,222],"that":[14,40,63,70],"measured":[15],"player":[16],"responses":[17],"virtual":[20],"reality":[21],"simulation":[22,158,264],"game":[23],"by":[24,53,116,139,199,214,248,272,281],"including":[25],"an":[26,41],"innovative":[27],"improved":[28,244],"real-time":[29,45,131,188],"animated":[30,43,189],"avatar":[31,42,73],"feature.":[32],"was":[35,68,137,159,270],"conducted":[36],"on":[37,85,201],"notion":[39],"using":[44],"motion":[46,121],"capture":[47,122],"would":[48],"enhance":[49],"player's":[51],"immersion":[52,198,213,246],"increasing":[54],"their":[55],"sense":[56],"presence.":[58],"When":[59],"playing":[60],"VR":[61,134,178,181,263],"games":[62],"were":[64,99],"commercially":[65],"available,":[66],"it":[67],"discovered":[69],"user's":[72],"(Virtual":[74],"agent)":[75],"had":[76],"limited":[78],"character":[79],"feature":[81],"set,":[82],"usually":[83],"depending":[84],"handset":[87],"controllers":[88,98],"provided":[89],"with":[90],"base":[92],"system.":[93],"inputs":[95],"from":[96,235],"these":[97],"observed":[100],"as":[101],"inadequate":[102],"to":[103,112,146,150,161,184,196,210,219,261,276],"generate":[104],"entire":[106],"body's":[107],"animation.":[108],"This":[109,136,243],"attempted":[111],"solve":[113],"problem":[115],"implementing":[117],"full":[118],"body":[119],"marker-less":[120],"for":[123,169],"improvisation":[125],"user-avatar":[128],"animation":[129],"game.":[135],"achieved":[138],"Time-of-flight":[143],"camera":[144],"tracking":[145,168],"add":[147],"positional":[148],"data":[149,280],"native":[152],"PC-VR":[153],"tracking.":[154],"A":[155],"Cricket":[156,190],"batting":[157],"developed":[160],"demonstrate":[162],"combined":[167],"immersive":[170],"gameplay":[171],"replay":[173],"experience.":[174],"Hence,":[175],"enabled":[177],"users":[179,237],"esports":[182],"spectators":[183],"experience":[185],"better":[187],"action.":[191],"Additionally,":[192],"aimed":[195],"measure":[197,211],"improving":[200],"existing":[203],"measuring":[204],"techniques":[205],"(Witmer":[206],"Singer,":[208],"1998),":[209],"conducting":[215],"experiments":[216],"engaging":[217],"humans":[218],"use":[220],"[12].":[223],"research's":[225],"user-based":[226],"studies":[227],"involved":[228],"collecting":[229],"both":[230],"qualitative":[231,291],"quantitative":[233],"measures":[234],"45":[236],"2":[239],"phases":[240],"experimentation.":[242],"measurement":[247],"novel":[250,273],"rigorous":[251],"analysis":[252],"following":[253],"Freeman's":[254],"[14]":[255],"Scholerb's":[257],"[15]":[258],"method":[259],"applied":[260],"UI":[266],"interactions.":[267],"Data":[268],"collection":[269],"verified":[271],"concurrency":[274],"checks":[275],"eliminate":[277],"unreliable":[278],"user":[279],"repeating":[282],"rephrasing":[284],"questions":[286],"multiple":[288],"instances.":[289],"findings":[292],"are":[293],"briefly":[294],"discussed":[295],"article.":[298]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
