{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4384703558","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/metroind4.0iot57462.2023.10180189","title":"Considerations of Achieving Ubiquitous PNT in Industry 4.0 and Beyond","display_name":"Considerations of Achieving Ubiquitous PNT in Industry 4.0 and Beyond","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-06-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4384703558","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/metroind4.0iot57462.2023.10180189"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/metroind4.0iot57462.2023.10180189","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/metroind4.0iot57462.2023.10180189","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE International Workshop on Metrology for Industry 4.0 &amp; IoT (MetroInd4.0&amp;IoT)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035982302","display_name":"Martta\u2010Kaisa Olkkonen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5302-081X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33876163","display_name":"Finnish Geospatial Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/01zv3gf04","country_code":"FI","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33876163"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Martta-Kaisa Olkkonen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Finnish Geospatial Research Institute,Dept. of Navigation and Positioning,Espoo,Finland","Dept. of Navigation and Positioning, Finnish Geospatial Research Institute, Espoo, Finland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Finnish Geospatial Research Institute,Dept. of Navigation and Positioning,Espoo,Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33876163"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Navigation and Positioning, Finnish Geospatial Research Institute, Espoo, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33876163"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042413236","display_name":"Martti Kirkko-Jaakkola","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2203-6800"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33876163","display_name":"Finnish Geospatial Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/01zv3gf04","country_code":"FI","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33876163"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Martti Kirkko-Jaakkola","raw_affiliation_strings":["Finnish Geospatial Research Institute,Dept. of Navigation and Positioning,Espoo,Finland","Dept. of Navigation and Positioning, Finnish Geospatial Research Institute, Espoo, Finland","Nordic Inertial Oy, Espoo, Finland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Finnish Geospatial Research Institute,Dept. of Navigation and Positioning,Espoo,Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33876163"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Navigation and Positioning, Finnish Geospatial Research Institute, Espoo, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33876163"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nordic Inertial Oy, Espoo, Finland","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065743311","display_name":"Sanna Kaasalainen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6628-418X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33876163","display_name":"Finnish Geospatial Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/01zv3gf04","country_code":"FI","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33876163"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sanna Kaasalainen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Finnish Geospatial Research Institute,Dept. of Navigation and Positioning,Espoo,Finland","Dept. of Navigation and Positioning, Finnish Geospatial Research Institute, Espoo, Finland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Finnish Geospatial Research Institute,Dept. of Navigation and Positioning,Espoo,Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33876163"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Navigation and Positioning, Finnish Geospatial Research Institute, Espoo, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33876163"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5035982302"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33876163"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.14121108,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":null,"first_page":"281","last_page":"286"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10763","display_name":"Digital Transformation in Industry","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10763","display_name":"Digital Transformation in Industry","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9667999744415283,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11741","display_name":"Flexible and Reconfigurable Manufacturing Systems","score":0.9538999795913696,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2209","display_name":"Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interoperability","display_name":"Interoperability","score":0.7977845668792725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bridge","display_name":"Bridge (graph theory)","score":0.7275803685188293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronics","display_name":"Electronics","score":0.611395537853241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyber-physical-system","display_name":"Cyber-physical system","score":0.5478829145431519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/industry-4.0","display_name":"Industry 4.0","score":0.5341794490814209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5043925046920776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emerging-technologies","display_name":"Emerging technologies","score":0.4393857717514038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/manufacturing-engineering","display_name":"Manufacturing engineering","score":0.4297686815261841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.4029153287410736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-engineering","display_name":"Systems engineering","score":0.329384982585907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.3281506896018982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.1694604754447937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.14711356163024902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.126455157995224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.10344579815864563}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20136886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749647","display_name":"Interoperability","level":2,"score":0.7977845668792725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100776233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2532492","display_name":"Bridge (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.7275803685188293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138331895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11650","display_name":"Electronics","level":2,"score":0.611395537853241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179768478","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1120057","display_name":"Cyber-physical system","level":2,"score":0.5478829145431519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777986313","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1661989","display_name":"Industry 4.0","level":2,"score":0.5341794490814209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5043925046920776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207267971","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q120208","display_name":"Emerging technologies","level":2,"score":0.4393857717514038},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117671659","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11049265","display_name":"Manufacturing engineering","level":1,"score":0.4297686815261841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.4029153287410736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.329384982585907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3281506896018982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.1694604754447937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.14711356163024902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.126455157995224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.10344579815864563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/metroind4.0iot57462.2023.10180189","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/metroind4.0iot57462.2023.10180189","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE International Workshop on Metrology for Industry 4.0 &amp; IoT (MetroInd4.0&amp;IoT)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6200000047683716,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320318240","display_name":"European Space Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/03wd9za21"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2571707083","https://openalex.org/W2605943641","https://openalex.org/W2762030399","https://openalex.org/W2911070737","https://openalex.org/W2983726051","https://openalex.org/W2984042658","https://openalex.org/W3004699108","https://openalex.org/W3014575832","https://openalex.org/W3033271745","https://openalex.org/W3164363450","https://openalex.org/W4281768855","https://openalex.org/W4400907212","https://openalex.org/W6870968712"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3003666232","https://openalex.org/W2945357379","https://openalex.org/W2981104449","https://openalex.org/W2903493206","https://openalex.org/W2902177743","https://openalex.org/W2785197507","https://openalex.org/W4312821896","https://openalex.org/W3034981309","https://openalex.org/W2963246290","https://openalex.org/W2982066316"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,103],"leap":[1,100],"from":[2],"third":[3],"to":[4,31,53,74,105],"fourth":[5],"industrial":[6,24],"revolution":[7],"\u201cIndustry":[8],"4.0\u201d":[9],"and":[10,17,35],"beyond":[11],"involves":[12],"more":[13],"than":[14],"information":[15],"technology":[16],"electronics":[18],"for":[19,62],"automatizing":[20],"the":[21,55,60,63,86,95,98,107],"production.":[22],"Instead,":[23],"digitalization":[25,99],"requires":[26],"a":[27,46,57,78,83,101],"fusion":[28,56],"of":[29,50,69,85],"technologies":[30,70,89],"combine":[32],"physical,":[33],"digital,":[34],"biological":[36],"properties,":[37],"resulting":[38],"in":[39,48,59,94,113],"cyber-physical":[40],"systems":[41],"(CPS).":[42],"There":[43],"is":[44],"still":[45],"gap":[47,109],"terms":[49],"methods":[51],"how":[52],"make":[54],"reality":[58],"industry,":[61],"most":[64,87],"part":[65],"because":[66],"different":[67],"fields":[68],"were":[71],"not":[72],"designed":[73],"operate":[75],"together":[76],"as":[77],"fusion.":[79],"This":[80],"paper":[81],"gives":[82],"review":[84],"relevant":[88],"that":[90],"will":[91],"be":[92],"included":[93],"merger":[96],"making":[97],"reality.":[102],"steps":[104],"bridge":[106],"interoperability":[108],"have":[110],"been":[111],"investigated":[112],"this":[114],"paper.":[115]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-12-24T23:09:58.560324","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
