{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7084127110","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/metroautomotive64646.2025.11119272","title":"Investigating Temperature Effects in Directly Modulated Laser-Diodes in Coherent FMCW-LiDAR Systems","display_name":"Investigating Temperature Effects in Directly Modulated Laser-Diodes in Coherent FMCW-LiDAR Systems","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-06-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7084127110","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/metroautomotive64646.2025.11119272"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/metroautomotive64646.2025.11119272","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/metroautomotive64646.2025.11119272","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE International Workshop on Metrology for Automotive (MetroAutomotive)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Max Julius Bode","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210105869","display_name":"Photonic Systems (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/016s82z56","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210105869"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Max Julius Bode","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer HHI,Photonic Networks and Systems,Berlin,Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer HHI,Photonic Networks and Systems,Berlin,Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210105869"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Sarah Cwalina","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210105869","display_name":"Photonic Systems (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/016s82z56","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210105869"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sarah Cwalina","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer HHI,Photonic Networks and Systems,Berlin,Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer HHI,Photonic Networks and Systems,Berlin,Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210105869"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Markus N\u00f6lle","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155959","display_name":"Berliner Energieagentur (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/05ey8y327","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155959"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Markus N\u00f6lle","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Applied Sciences Berlin,FB1 Information and Energy,Berlin,Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Applied Sciences Berlin,FB1 Information and Energy,Berlin,Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210155959"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Christoph Kottke","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210105869","display_name":"Photonic Systems (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/016s82z56","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210105869"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christoph Kottke","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer HHI,Photonic Networks and Systems,Berlin,Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer HHI,Photonic Networks and Systems,Berlin,Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210105869"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Volker Jungnickel","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210105869","display_name":"Photonic Systems (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/016s82z56","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210105869"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Volker Jungnickel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer HHI,Photonic Networks and Systems,Berlin,Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer HHI,Photonic Networks and Systems,Berlin,Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210105869"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Ronald Freund","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210105869","display_name":"Photonic Systems (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/016s82z56","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210105869"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ronald Freund","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer HHI & Technical University Berlin,Photonic Networks and Systems,Berlin,Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer HHI & Technical University Berlin,Photonic Networks and Systems,Berlin,Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210105869"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"216","last_page":"221"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":true,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14455","display_name":"Technology and Education Systems","score":0.10849999636411667,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14455","display_name":"Technology and Education Systems","score":0.10849999636411667,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14330","display_name":"Library Science and Information Systems","score":0.048700001090765,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13270","display_name":"QR Code Applications and Technologies","score":0.04129999876022339,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compensation","display_name":"Compensation (psychology)","score":0.5421000123023987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chirp","display_name":"Chirp","score":0.5270000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/laser","display_name":"Laser","score":0.48820000886917114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/temperature-measurement","display_name":"Temperature measurement","score":0.48489999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/temperature-control","display_name":"Temperature control","score":0.4375999867916107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.4291999936103821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.4278999865055084}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780023022","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1338171","display_name":"Compensation (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5421000123023987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132794960","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27304","display_name":"Chirp","level":3,"score":0.5270000100135803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C520434653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q38867","display_name":"Laser","level":2,"score":0.48820000886917114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72293138","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q909741","display_name":"Temperature measurement","level":2,"score":0.48489999771118164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.44920000433921814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C536315585","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7698332","display_name":"Temperature control","level":2,"score":0.4375999867916107},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.4291999936103821},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.4278999865055084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3950999975204468},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51399673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q504027","display_name":"Lidar","level":2,"score":0.367900013923645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17500928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959968","display_name":"Control system","level":2,"score":0.3659000098705292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.3427000045776367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11930861","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181417","display_name":"Frequency modulation","level":3,"score":0.3402999937534332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.328000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113608303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1056835","display_name":"Transmission system","level":3,"score":0.3264999985694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.31279999017715454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104267543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208163","display_name":"Signal processing","level":3,"score":0.3124000132083893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.30869999527931213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99568719","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1129003","display_name":"Continuous wave","level":3,"score":0.3037000000476837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.28619998693466187}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/metroautomotive64646.2025.11119272","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/metroautomotive64646.2025.11119272","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE International Workshop on Metrology for Automotive (MetroAutomotive)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:publica.fraunhofer.de:publica/496484","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://publica.fraunhofer.de/handle/publica/496484","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400318","display_name":"Fraunhofer-Publica (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4923324","host_organization_name":"Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4923324"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"conference paper"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.6429468989372253}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1580623347","https://openalex.org/W2098409544","https://openalex.org/W2159026760","https://openalex.org/W2762897752","https://openalex.org/W2792733243","https://openalex.org/W2925191964","https://openalex.org/W3016600231","https://openalex.org/W3030536136","https://openalex.org/W3135991645","https://openalex.org/W3191609009","https://openalex.org/W4205301476","https://openalex.org/W4285799960","https://openalex.org/W4377082798","https://openalex.org/W4388108877","https://openalex.org/W4403599841"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"LiDAR":[0],"(Light":[1],"Detection":[2],"and":[3,80,91],"Ranging)":[4],"is":[5,20,32],"considered":[6],"a":[7,21,28,63],"key":[8],"sensor":[9],"technology":[10],"for":[11],"autonomous":[12],"driving.":[13],"FMCW":[14],"(Frequency":[15],"Modulated":[16],"Continuous":[17],"Wave)":[18],"transmission":[19],"widely-used":[22],"concept.":[23],"To":[24],"achieve":[25],"sufficient":[26],"resolution,":[27],"highly":[29],"linear":[30],"chirp":[31],"required.":[33],"Excellent":[34],"non-linearity":[35],"compensation":[36],"techniques":[37],"have":[38],"been":[39],"proposed,":[40],"all":[41],"requiring":[42],"temperature":[43,61,78],"stabilization":[44],"of":[45,56,62,68,77],"the":[46,54,59,66,75],"laser":[47,64],"source.":[48],"In":[49],"this":[50],"paper,":[51],"we":[52],"study":[53],"impact":[55],"changes":[57],"in":[58],"operating":[60],"on":[65],"precision":[67],"FMCW-LiDAR.":[69],"We":[70],"give":[71],"preliminary":[72],"insights":[73],"into":[74],"need":[76],"control":[79],"if":[81],"it":[82],"can":[83],"be":[84],"omitted":[85],"to":[86],"potentially":[87],"reduce":[88],"system":[89],"complexity":[90],"thus":[92],"cost.":[93]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}