{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4403278178","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mesa61532.2024.10704914","title":"Deep Learning Approach for EEG Classification in Lower-Limb Movement Phases: Towards Enhanced Brain-Computer Interface Control","display_name":"Deep Learning Approach for EEG Classification in Lower-Limb Movement Phases: Towards Enhanced Brain-Computer Interface Control","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-09-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4403278178","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mesa61532.2024.10704914"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mesa61532.2024.10704914","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mesa61532.2024.10704914","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 20th IEEE/ASME International Conference on Mechatronic and Embedded Systems and Applications (MESA)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046171777","display_name":"Cristian Felipe Blanco-D\u00edaz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8083-7454"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162290304","display_name":"Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna","ror":"https://ror.org/025602r80","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162290304"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cristian Felipe Blanco-Diaz","raw_affiliation_strings":["The BioRobotics Institute Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna,Dept. of Excellence and AI,Pisa,Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The BioRobotics Institute Scuola Superiore Sant’Anna,Dept. of Excellence and AI,Pisa,Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162290304"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037223677","display_name":"Cristian David Guerrero-M\u00e9ndez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1019-9423"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I181391015","display_name":"Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)","ror":"https://ror.org/04wffgt70","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I181391015"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cristian David Guerrero-Mendez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universidade Estadual de Campinas,Dept. Electronics and Biomedical Engineering,Campinas,SP,Brazil"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidade Estadual de Campinas,Dept. Electronics and Biomedical Engineering,Campinas,SP,Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I181391015"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108998746","display_name":"Guilherme Rangel Furtado","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51235708","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Esp\u00edrito Santo","ror":"https://ror.org/05sxf4h28","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51235708"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guilherme Rangel Furtado","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo,Dept. of Electrical Engineering,Vitória,ES,Brazil"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo,Dept. of Electrical Engineering,Vitória,ES,Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51235708"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046278346","display_name":"Teodiano Bastos-Filho","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1185-2773"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51235708","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Esp\u00edrito Santo","ror":"https://ror.org/05sxf4h28","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51235708"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Teodiano Bastos-Filho","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo,Posgraduate Program in Electrical Engineering,Vitória,ES,Brazil"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo,Posgraduate Program in Electrical Engineering,Vitória,ES,Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51235708"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020535308","display_name":"Rafhael M. Andrade","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2839-3649"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I51235708","display_name":"Universidade Federal do Esp\u00edrito Santo","ror":"https://ror.org/05sxf4h28","country_code":"BR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I51235708"]}],"countries":["BR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rafhael Milanezi de Andrade","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo,Graduate Program in Mechanical Engineering,Vitória,ES,Brazil"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo,Graduate Program in Mechanical Engineering,Vitória,ES,Brazil","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I51235708"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.5532,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.65111238,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"7"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10429","display_name":"EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2805","display_name":"Cognitive Neuroscience"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/brain\u2013computer-interface","display_name":"Brain\u2013computer interface","score":0.8664178848266602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electroencephalography","display_name":"Electroencephalography","score":0.7157114744186401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6845600008964539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interface","display_name":"Interface (matter)","score":0.6044087409973145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/movement-control","display_name":"Movement control","score":0.5439091324806213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5122734904289246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/movement","display_name":"Movement (music)","score":0.49274376034736633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/motor-imagery","display_name":"Motor imagery","score":0.4436103105545044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.4115634858608246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.3350818157196045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.33095860481262207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.3291383683681488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-medicine-and-rehabilitation","display_name":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation","score":0.3023536801338196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/neuroscience","display_name":"Neuroscience","score":0.21068572998046875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.18346884846687317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.10209521651268005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.06345710158348083}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173201364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q897410","display_name":"Brain\u2013computer interface","level":3,"score":0.8664178848266602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C522805319","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179965","display_name":"Electroencephalography","level":2,"score":0.7157114744186401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6845600008964539},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113843644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901882","display_name":"Interface (matter)","level":4,"score":0.6044087409973145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019108329","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1751327","display_name":"Movement control","level":2,"score":0.5439091324806213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5122734904289246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780226923","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q929848","display_name":"Movement (music)","level":2,"score":0.49274376034736633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54808283","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6918191","display_name":"Motor imagery","level":4,"score":0.4436103105545044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.4115634858608246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.3350818157196045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.33095860481262207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.3291383683681488},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99508421","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2678675","display_name":"Physical medicine and rehabilitation","level":1,"score":0.3023536801338196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.21068572998046875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.18346884846687317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.10209521651268005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.06345710158348083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157915830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2928001","display_name":"Bubble","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129307140","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6795880","display_name":"Maximum bubble pressure method","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/mesa61532.2024.10704914","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mesa61532.2024.10704914","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 20th IEEE/ASME International Conference on Mechatronic and Embedded Systems and Applications (MESA)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:www.iris.sssup.it:11382/576394","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11382/576394","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196376","display_name":"CINECA IRIS Institutional Research Information System (Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I162290304","host_organization_name":"Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162290304"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322904","display_name":"Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos","ror":"https://ror.org/030w99567"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323682","display_name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa e Inova\u00e7\u00e3o do Esp\u00edrito Santo","ror":"https://ror.org/03cen2c33"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1570306703","https://openalex.org/W2000468033","https://openalex.org/W2087484885","https://openalex.org/W2119958965","https://openalex.org/W2126185017","https://openalex.org/W2150383145","https://openalex.org/W2312323375","https://openalex.org/W2748083017","https://openalex.org/W2799867413","https://openalex.org/W2887114371","https://openalex.org/W2889106585","https://openalex.org/W2898227829","https://openalex.org/W2970489687","https://openalex.org/W3004492606","https://openalex.org/W3005863444","https://openalex.org/W3009082884","https://openalex.org/W3029000947","https://openalex.org/W3037250257","https://openalex.org/W3104754739","https://openalex.org/W3115777743","https://openalex.org/W3119586757","https://openalex.org/W3153222697","https://openalex.org/W4205385305","https://openalex.org/W4289731463","https://openalex.org/W4365814872","https://openalex.org/W4367668393","https://openalex.org/W4377041883","https://openalex.org/W4381433843","https://openalex.org/W4386214407","https://openalex.org/W4393899410","https://openalex.org/W4400829404","https://openalex.org/W6717120984"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1977940006","https://openalex.org/W2887556756","https://openalex.org/W2947925238","https://openalex.org/W195417223","https://openalex.org/W1513407214","https://openalex.org/W1984377984","https://openalex.org/W1961545574","https://openalex.org/W2510077457","https://openalex.org/W3045772920","https://openalex.org/W2047816336"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Embedded":[0],"Brain-Computer":[1],"Interfaces":[2],"(BCI)":[3],"have":[4],"emerged":[5],"as":[6,172],"an":[7],"alternative":[8],"for":[9,158],"rehabilitation/assistance":[10],"of":[11,37,42,55,68,101,151,163],"people":[12],"with":[13,166],"neuromotor":[14],"impairments.":[15],"Data-driven":[16],"methods":[17],"are":[18],"usually":[19],"implemented":[20],"to":[21,24,61,147],"design":[22],"controllers":[23,162],"(de)activate":[25],"these":[26],"systems":[27],"using":[28,106],"electroencephalography":[29],"(EEG),":[30],"which":[31,81,116,154],"may":[32],"limit":[33],"usability":[34],"and":[35,70,76,86,94,108,129],"degrees":[36],"freedom.":[38],"Thus,":[39],"the":[40,53,102],"development":[41],"more":[43],"adaptive":[44],"classifiers":[45],"remains":[46],"a":[47,56,92,97,111,122,144],"challenge.":[48],"This":[49],"study":[50],"focuses":[51],"on":[52,84,91,96],"implementation":[54],"Deep":[57],"Learning":[58],"(DL)":[59],"method":[60],"classify":[62],"EEG":[63,85,139],"signals":[64],"during":[65,89],"different":[66],"phases":[67,103],"gait":[69],"pedaling.":[71],"To":[72],"address":[73],"this,":[74],"public":[75],"in-house":[77],"databases":[78],"were":[79,104],"used,":[80],"contain":[82],"information":[83],"kinematic":[87],"data":[88],"walking":[90],"treadmill":[93],"pedaling":[95],"minibike.":[98],"Kinematic":[99],"labels":[100],"extracted":[105],"k-means":[107],"classified":[109],"by":[110],"Convolutional":[112],"Neural":[113],"Network":[114],"(CNN),":[115],"demonstrated":[117],"accuracy":[118],"above":[119],"60%.":[120],"Furthermore,":[121],"negative":[123],"correlation":[124],"was":[125],"found":[126],"between":[127],"velocities":[128],"classifier":[130],"performance":[131],"metrics,":[132],"suggesting":[133],"that":[134],"faster":[135],"movements":[136],"can":[137,155],"hinder":[138],"decoding.":[140],"Our":[141],"proposal":[142],"is":[143],"starting":[145],"point":[146],"identify":[148],"current":[149],"states":[150],"lower-limb":[152],"movement,":[153],"be":[156],"used":[157],"designing":[159],"state":[160],"machine-based":[161],"robotic":[164],"BCIs":[165],"rehabilitation":[167],"or":[168,177],"assistance":[169],"purposes,":[170],"such":[171],"motorized":[173],"mini":[174],"exercise":[175],"bikes":[176],"leg":[178],"exoskeletons.":[179]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-02T09:51:11.867554","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}