{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4412171693","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/memea65319.2025.11067980","title":"Bridging Supervised and Unsupervised Learning for Classification of Breast Tissue","display_name":"Bridging Supervised and Unsupervised Learning for Classification of Breast Tissue","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-05-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4412171693","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/memea65319.2025.11067980"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/memea65319.2025.11067980","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/memea65319.2025.11067980","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE Medical Measurements & Applications (MeMeA)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060473961","display_name":"Virginia Negri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8521-0776"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9360294","display_name":"University of Bologna","ror":"https://ror.org/01111rn36","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Virginia Negri","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Bologna,Department. of Electrical Electronic and Information Engineering,Bologna,Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Bologna,Department. of Electrical Electronic and Information Engineering,Bologna,Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043970942","display_name":"Grazia Iadarola","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7093-2733"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I122534668","display_name":"Marche Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/00x69rs40","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122534668"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Grazia Iadarola","raw_affiliation_strings":["Università Politecnica delle Marche,Dipartimento di Ingnegneria dell'Informazione,Ancona,Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Università Politecnica delle Marche,Dipartimento di Ingnegneria dell'Informazione,Ancona,Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I122534668"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012455420","display_name":"Alessandro Mingotti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1739-1277"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9360294","display_name":"University of Bologna","ror":"https://ror.org/01111rn36","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alessandro Mingotti","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Bologna,Department. of Electrical Electronic and Information Engineering,Bologna,Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Bologna,Department. of Electrical Electronic and Information Engineering,Bologna,Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088604112","display_name":"Roberto Tinarelli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5377-2421"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9360294","display_name":"University of Bologna","ror":"https://ror.org/01111rn36","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roberto Tinarelli","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Bologna,Department. of Electrical Electronic and Information Engineering,Bologna,Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Bologna,Department. of Electrical Electronic and Information Engineering,Bologna,Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018213030","display_name":"Lorenzo Peretto","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3407-2056"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9360294","display_name":"University of Bologna","ror":"https://ror.org/01111rn36","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lorenzo Peretto","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Bologna,Department. of Electrical Electronic and Information Engineering,Bologna,Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Bologna,Department. of Electrical Electronic and Information Engineering,Bologna,Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5060473961"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9360294"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.09031627,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"1","last_page":"6"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10862","display_name":"AI in cancer detection","score":0.9958000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10862","display_name":"AI in cancer detection","score":0.9958000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bridging","display_name":"Bridging (networking)","score":0.8448860049247742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6840863823890686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5744448900222778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unsupervised-learning","display_name":"Unsupervised learning","score":0.48186764121055603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/supervised-learning","display_name":"Supervised learning","score":0.4575648903846741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/breast-tissue","display_name":"Breast tissue","score":0.4243863821029663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.37767383456230164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.14528825879096985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/breast-cancer","display_name":"Breast cancer","score":0.13460588455200195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.10246220231056213}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174348530","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188635","display_name":"Bridging (networking)","level":2,"score":0.8448860049247742},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6840863823890686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5744448900222778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8038995","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1152135","display_name":"Unsupervised learning","level":2,"score":0.48186764121055603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136389625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q334384","display_name":"Supervised learning","level":3,"score":0.4575648903846741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3020109028","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9103","display_name":"Breast tissue","level":4,"score":0.4243863821029663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.37767383456230164},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.14528825879096985},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C530470458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q128581","display_name":"Breast cancer","level":3,"score":0.13460588455200195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.10246220231056213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126322002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11180","display_name":"Internal medicine","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121608353","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12078","display_name":"Cancer","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/memea65319.2025.11067980","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/memea65319.2025.11067980","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2025 IEEE Medical Measurements & Applications (MeMeA)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:cris.unibo.it:11585/1021830","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/11067980","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402579","display_name":"Archivio istituzionale della ricerca (Alma Mater Studiorum Universit\u00e0 di Bologna)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210117483","host_organization_name":"Istituto di Ematologia di Bologna","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210117483"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.univpm.it:11566/349734","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11566/349734","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402571","display_name":"Universit\u00e0 Politecnica delle Marche (Universit\u00e0 Politecnica delle Marche)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I122534668","host_organization_name":"Marche Polytechnic University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I122534668"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Gender equality","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/5","score":0.4099999964237213}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1571694585","https://openalex.org/W2165232124","https://openalex.org/W2295598076","https://openalex.org/W2774082069","https://openalex.org/W3019913914","https://openalex.org/W3118625667","https://openalex.org/W3127852736","https://openalex.org/W3215145790","https://openalex.org/W4384158606","https://openalex.org/W4394938889","https://openalex.org/W4400201371","https://openalex.org/W4405199733","https://openalex.org/W4406187731"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3196155444","https://openalex.org/W4321844043","https://openalex.org/W3210156800","https://openalex.org/W4297883248","https://openalex.org/W4255830763","https://openalex.org/W1583266947","https://openalex.org/W4286799911","https://openalex.org/W3148060700","https://openalex.org/W3080681248","https://openalex.org/W4390062853"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Understanding":[0],"the":[1,27,31,41,50,57,109,115,120,126,146,166,173,187,200],"underlying":[2],"structure":[3,51],"of":[4,43,52,123,128,168,175,189,202],"medical":[5,55,196],"data":[6,184],"is":[7],"essential":[8],"for":[9],"developing":[10],"robust":[11],"and":[12,48,74,86,94,114,141,164,192],"reliable":[13],"classification":[14,81,101,194],"models.":[15],"Supervised":[16],"learning,":[17],"which":[18,118],"relies":[19],"on":[20],"predefined":[21,190],"classes,":[22],"may":[23],"fail":[24],"to":[25,35,46,99,130,182],"capture":[26],"intrinsic":[28],"patterns":[29],"within":[30],"data,":[32,148],"potentially":[33],"leading":[34],"suboptimal":[36],"outcomes.":[37],"This":[38],"study":[39,153],"investigates":[40],"application":[42],"unsupervised":[44,177],"clustering":[45,104,121,129,157,178],"analyze":[47],"validate":[49],"a":[53],"public":[54],"dataset,":[56],"Breast":[58],"Tissue":[59],"Dataset,":[60],"with":[61,179],"varying":[62],"class":[63,162],"configurations":[64],"(6":[65],"vs.":[66],"4":[67],"classes).":[68],"Clustering":[69],"methods,":[70],"such":[71,91],"as":[72,92],"KMeans":[73],"Affinity":[75],"Propagation":[76],"models,":[77,82],"were":[78,97,106],"applied":[79],"alongside":[80],"including":[83],"Random":[84],"Forest":[85],"XGBoost.":[87],"Key":[88],"performance":[89],"metrics,":[90],"accuracy":[93],"confusion":[95],"matrices,":[96],"employed":[98],"evaluate":[100],"performance,":[102],"while":[103],"results":[105],"assessed":[107],"using":[108],"Adjusted":[110],"Rand":[111],"Index":[112],"(ARI)":[113],"Hopkins":[116],"Test,":[117],"evaluates":[119],"tendency":[122],"datasets.":[124],"Additionally,":[125],"robustness":[127],"measurement":[131,203],"uncertainty":[132],"was":[133],"examined":[134],"by":[135],"introducing":[136],"synthetic":[137],"noise":[138],"(5":[139],"%":[140,143],"10":[142],"perturbations)":[144],"into":[145,161],"input":[147],"simulating":[149],"real-world":[150],"variability.":[151],"The":[152],"further":[154],"explores":[155],"how":[156],"can":[158],"reveal":[159],"insights":[160],"labels":[163],"assess":[165,186],"separability":[167],"different":[169],"groups.":[170],"Results":[171],"demonstrate":[172],"utility":[174],"combining":[176],"supervised":[180],"methods":[181],"enhance":[183],"exploration,":[185],"reliability":[188],"labels,":[191],"improve":[193],"in":[195,199],"applications,":[197],"even":[198],"presence":[201],"uncertainty.":[204]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}