{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4401508713","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/meditcom61057.2024.10621251","title":"Physical Layer Security Beamforming Design via Deep Unfolding","display_name":"Physical Layer Security Beamforming Design via Deep Unfolding","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-07-08","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4401508713","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/meditcom61057.2024.10621251"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/meditcom61057.2024.10621251","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/meditcom61057.2024.10621251","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 IEEE International Mediterranean Conference on Communications and Networking (MeditCom)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064421284","display_name":"I\u00f1igo Bilbao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1166-0568"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169108374","display_name":"University of the Basque Country","ror":"https://ror.org/000xsnr85","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"I\u00f1igo Bilbao","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), P.O. Box 644,Bilbao,Spain,48080"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), P.O. Box 644,Bilbao,Spain,48080","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026216458","display_name":"Nhan T. Nguyen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6961-0147"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98381234","display_name":"University of Oulu","ror":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nhan T. Nguyen","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Oulu, P.O. Box 4500,Centre for Wireless Communications,Finland,FI-90014"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Oulu, P.O. Box 4500,Centre for Wireless Communications,Finland,FI-90014","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088232983","display_name":"Diana Pamela Moya Osorio","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8858-9646"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102134673","display_name":"Link\u00f6ping University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ynxx418","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102134673"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Diana P. Moya Osorio","raw_affiliation_strings":["Link&#x00F6;ping University,Link&#x00F6;ping,Sweden,581 83"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Link&#x00F6;ping University,Link&#x00F6;ping,Sweden,581 83","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102134673"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034332350","display_name":"Visa Tapio","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0513-541X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98381234","display_name":"University of Oulu","ror":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Visa Tapio","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Oulu, P.O. Box 4500,Centre for Wireless Communications,Finland,FI-90014"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Oulu, P.O. Box 4500,Centre for Wireless Communications,Finland,FI-90014","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029534229","display_name":"Markku Juntti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5413-1896"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98381234","display_name":"University of Oulu","ror":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Markku Juntti","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Oulu, P.O. Box 4500,Centre for Wireless Communications,Finland,FI-90014"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Oulu, P.O. Box 4500,Centre for Wireless Communications,Finland,FI-90014","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088748220","display_name":"Eneko Iradier","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0424-3857"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169108374","display_name":"University of the Basque Country","ror":"https://ror.org/000xsnr85","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eneko Iradier","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), P.O. Box 644,Bilbao,Spain,48080"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), P.O. Box 644,Bilbao,Spain,48080","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050087156","display_name":"Jon Montalb\u00e1n","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0309-3401"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169108374","display_name":"University of the Basque Country","ror":"https://ror.org/000xsnr85","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jon Montalb\u00e1n","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), P.O. Box 644,Bilbao,Spain,48080"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), P.O. Box 644,Bilbao,Spain,48080","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081061790","display_name":"Pablo Angueira","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5188-8412"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169108374","display_name":"University of the Basque Country","ror":"https://ror.org/000xsnr85","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pablo Angueira","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), P.O. Box 644,Bilbao,Spain,48080"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), P.O. Box 644,Bilbao,Spain,48080","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169108374"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"251","last_page":"256"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11946","display_name":"Antenna Design and Optimization","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9944000244140625,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-layer","display_name":"Physical layer","score":0.6269067525863647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.6223694682121277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5759069323539734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/layer","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","score":0.4605090022087097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.1844651699066162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.18245252966880798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nanotechnology","display_name":"Nanotechnology","score":0.097201406955719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.09450197219848633}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19247436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192727","display_name":"Physical layer","level":3,"score":0.6269067525863647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.6223694682121277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5759069323539734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779227376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6505497","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","level":2,"score":0.4605090022087097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.1844651699066162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.18245252966880798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171250308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11468","display_name":"Nanotechnology","level":1,"score":0.097201406955719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.09450197219848633}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/meditcom61057.2024.10621251","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/meditcom61057.2024.10621251","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2024 IEEE International Mediterranean Conference on Communications and Networking (MeditCom)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.41999998688697815}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1522301498","https://openalex.org/W2142308177","https://openalex.org/W2259391824","https://openalex.org/W2272804037","https://openalex.org/W2505665730","https://openalex.org/W2740937005","https://openalex.org/W2793190854","https://openalex.org/W2811223633","https://openalex.org/W2908291798","https://openalex.org/W2941230990","https://openalex.org/W2964468371","https://openalex.org/W2984176297","https://openalex.org/W2990945183","https://openalex.org/W2992096220","https://openalex.org/W3011649397","https://openalex.org/W3048657120","https://openalex.org/W3093038630","https://openalex.org/W3101999018","https://openalex.org/W3112170415","https://openalex.org/W3124439195","https://openalex.org/W3133902371","https://openalex.org/W3172195905","https://openalex.org/W3196456941","https://openalex.org/W3196647917","https://openalex.org/W3201219560","https://openalex.org/W3214644284","https://openalex.org/W4205342722","https://openalex.org/W4206671397","https://openalex.org/W4285223123","https://openalex.org/W4296819773","https://openalex.org/W4372349707","https://openalex.org/W4376480805","https://openalex.org/W4383220453","https://openalex.org/W6631190155"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2963170046","https://openalex.org/W2376244802","https://openalex.org/W2390279801","https://openalex.org/W2923631784","https://openalex.org/W818226659","https://openalex.org/W2358668433","https://openalex.org/W4311414679","https://openalex.org/W2766792752"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Physical":[0],"layer":[1,11],"security":[2],"(PLS)":[3],"relies":[4],"on":[5],"avoiding":[6],"attacks":[7],"from":[8],"a":[9,40,48,90,124,133],"physical":[10],"perspective.":[12],"Beamforming":[13],"has":[14],"shown":[15],"to":[16,77,103],"be":[17],"an":[18,45],"effective":[19],"alternative":[20],"for":[21],"this":[22],"purpose,":[23],"allowing":[24],"the":[25,28,31,56,62,67,78,86,96,105,108,118,141],"concentration":[26],"of":[27,66,99,107,127],"resources":[29],"in":[30,39,129,136],"legitimate":[32],"user.":[33],"This":[34],"paper":[35],"investigates":[36],"analog":[37,68],"beamforming":[38,69,122],"massive":[41],"multiple-input-multiple-output":[42],"system":[43],"with":[44],"eavesdropper":[46],"and":[47,80,132,138],"jammer.":[49],"To":[50,84],"ensure":[51],"secure":[52],"communications,":[53],"we":[54,88],"formulate":[55],"secrecy":[57,130],"rate":[58,131],"maximization":[59],"problem":[60,72],"under":[61],"constant":[63],"modulus":[64],"constraint":[65],"coefficients.":[70],"The":[71],"is":[73],"highly":[74],"challenging":[75],"due":[76],"non-convexity":[79],"complicated":[81],"objective":[82],"function.":[83],"overcome":[85],"challenges,":[87],"propose":[89],"deep":[91,100,120],"unfolding":[92,121],"architecture":[93],"that":[94,117],"leverages":[95],"learning":[97],"capability":[98],"neural":[101],"networks":[102],"improve":[104],"convergence":[106],"projected":[109],"gradient":[110],"ascent":[111],"(PGA)":[112],"optimizer.":[113],"Simulation":[114],"results":[115],"show":[116],"proposed":[119],"designoffers":[123],"substantial":[125],"gain":[126],"33.33%":[128],"70%":[134],"reduction":[135],"complexity":[137],"run-time":[139],"concerning":[140],"conventional":[142],"PGA":[143],"scheme.":[144]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
