{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4387250987","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/meditcom58224.2023.10266635","title":"3D-PM: A ML-powered Probabilistic Detection of DDoS Attacks in P4 Switches","display_name":"3D-PM: A ML-powered Probabilistic Detection of DDoS Attacks in P4 Switches","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-09-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4387250987","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/meditcom58224.2023.10266635"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/meditcom58224.2023.10266635","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/meditcom58224.2023.10266635","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE International Mediterranean Conference on Communications and Networking (MeditCom)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092822982","display_name":"Ferhat Mecerhed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0975-731X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157169809","display_name":"University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene","ror":"https://ror.org/02kb89c09","country_code":"DZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157169809"]}],"countries":["DZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ferhat Mecerhed","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene,Algiers,Algeria","University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene, Algiers, Algeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene,Algiers,Algeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157169809"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene, Algiers, Algeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157169809"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104164425","display_name":"Amel Benabdallah","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157169809","display_name":"University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene","ror":"https://ror.org/02kb89c09","country_code":"DZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157169809"]}],"countries":["DZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amel Benabdallah","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene,Algiers,Algeria","University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene, Algiers, Algeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene,Algiers,Algeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157169809"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene, Algiers, Algeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157169809"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027048092","display_name":"Khaled Zeraoulia","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157169809","display_name":"University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene","ror":"https://ror.org/02kb89c09","country_code":"DZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157169809"]}],"countries":["DZ"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Khaled Zeraoulia","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene,Algiers,Algeria","University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene, Algiers, Algeria"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene,Algiers,Algeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157169809"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene, Algiers, Algeria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157169809"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076377250","display_name":"Chafika Benza\u00efd","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5841-2014"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98381234","display_name":"University of Oulu","ror":"https://ror.org/03yj89h83","country_code":"FI","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chafika Benza\u00efd","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Oulu,Oulu,Finland","University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Oulu,Oulu,Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98381234"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":null,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":null,"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"80","last_page":"85"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11598","display_name":"Internet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/denial-of-service-attack","display_name":"Denial-of-service attack","score":0.8452705144882202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.817699134349823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forwarding-plane","display_name":"Forwarding plane","score":0.723444938659668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-defined-networking","display_name":"Software-defined networking","score":0.6145064830780029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flooding","display_name":"Flooding (psychology)","score":0.5151506662368774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/controller","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","score":0.4781171381473541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.43089789152145386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.4293655753135681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-security","display_name":"Network security","score":0.4193047285079956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3967333436012268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-packet","display_name":"Network packet","score":0.26772868633270264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.11734592914581299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.10143816471099854}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38822068","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131406","display_name":"Denial-of-service attack","level":3,"score":0.8452705144882202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.817699134349823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10597312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5473302","display_name":"Forwarding plane","level":3,"score":0.723444938659668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77270119","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1655198","display_name":"Software-defined networking","level":2,"score":0.6145064830780029},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186594467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1429176","display_name":"Flooding (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5151506662368774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203479927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165939","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","level":2,"score":0.4781171381473541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.43089789152145386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.4293655753135681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182590292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q989632","display_name":"Network security","level":2,"score":0.4193047285079956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3967333436012268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.26772868633270264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.11734592914581299},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.10143816471099854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/meditcom58224.2023.10266635","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/meditcom58224.2023.10266635","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2023 IEEE International Mediterranean Conference on Communications and Networking (MeditCom)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":17,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1994926493","https://openalex.org/W2040340473","https://openalex.org/W2104692292","https://openalex.org/W2146100293","https://openalex.org/W2163375756","https://openalex.org/W2171634548","https://openalex.org/W2560146204","https://openalex.org/W2782978729","https://openalex.org/W2797742547","https://openalex.org/W2979543333","https://openalex.org/W3083616926","https://openalex.org/W3088043010","https://openalex.org/W3105750153","https://openalex.org/W3175448228","https://openalex.org/W3210854102","https://openalex.org/W4287689466","https://openalex.org/W6781905506"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2767068794","https://openalex.org/W4229489764","https://openalex.org/W3114854705","https://openalex.org/W1994311829","https://openalex.org/W2735897973","https://openalex.org/W4315705477","https://openalex.org/W3195575042","https://openalex.org/W1543555101","https://openalex.org/W2898113880","https://openalex.org/W2793567886"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"Software-Defined":[1],"Networking":[2],"(SDN)":[3],"technology":[4],"has":[5],"revolutionized":[6],"network":[7,18,34],"management":[8],"and":[9,14,20,44,53,72,91,106,124,146,190],"automation,":[10],"enabling":[11],"more":[12],"efficient":[13],"centralized":[15],"controls.":[16],"However,":[17],"security":[19],"availability":[21],"are":[22,122,135],"threatened":[23],"by":[24],"DDoS":[25,51,78,99],"attacks":[26,177],"in":[27],"SDN":[28,47,86],"environments.":[29],"During":[30],"these":[31],"attacks,":[32,114],"the":[33,41,66,154,180,184,195],"can":[35],"become":[36],"overwhelmed":[37],"with":[38,161],"traffic,":[39],"making":[40],"controller":[42,188],"overloaded":[43],"unresponsive.":[45],"Consequently,":[46],"networks":[48,87],"require":[49],"effective":[50],"detection":[52,79,193],"mitigation":[54],"solutions.":[55],"In":[56],"this":[57,96],"paper,":[58],"we":[59,115],"propose":[60],"a":[61,139,170],"novel":[62],"approach":[63],"that":[64,121,153],"leverages":[65],"potential":[67],"of":[68,164],"programmable":[69,92],"data":[70,181,196],"planes":[71],"machine":[73,89,118],"learning":[74,90,119],"to":[75,143,175],"empower":[76],"intelligent":[77],"at":[80,179,194],"line-rate.":[81],"Our":[82,150],"proposal":[83],"involves":[84],"securing":[85],"using":[88,138,183],"switches.":[93],"We":[94],"call":[95],"solution":[97],"\"Data-Plane":[98],"Attack":[100],"Detection":[101],"Based":[102],"on":[103,126],"P4":[104,185],"Switches":[105],"Machine":[107],"Learning\"":[108],"or":[109],"3D-PM.":[110],"To":[111],"detect":[112,176],"flooding":[113],"considered":[116],"multiple":[117],"models":[120],"trained":[123],"tested":[125],"unique":[127],"datasets":[128,134],"gathered":[129],"from":[130],"realistic":[131],"traffic.":[132],"These":[133],"then":[136],"balanced":[137],"variable":[140],"sampling":[141],"method":[142],"ensure":[144],"unbiased":[145],"robust":[147],"model":[148,157],"training.":[149],"evaluation":[151],"revealed":[152],"Random":[155],"Forest":[156],"performed":[158],"exceptionally":[159],"well":[160],"an":[162],"accuracy":[163],"98.95%,":[165],"highlighting":[166],"its":[167],"effectiveness":[168],"as":[169],"resource-efficient":[171],"solution.":[172],"3D-PM":[173],"aim":[174],"directly":[178],"plane":[182],"language,":[186],"relieving":[187],"overload":[189],"allowing":[191],"direct":[192],"plane.":[197]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-07-14T23:27:15.235271","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
