{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2009692704","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/medhocnet.2013.6767413","title":"Software-based system for measuring location observables in IEEE 802.11 networks","display_name":"Software-based system for measuring location observables in IEEE 802.11 networks","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2009692704","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/medhocnet.2013.6767413","mag":"2009692704"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/medhocnet.2013.6767413","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/medhocnet.2013.6767413","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2013 12th Annual Mediterranean Ad Hoc Networking Workshop (MED-HOC-NET)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2117/21769","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074150360","display_name":"Israel Martin\u2010Escalona","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3668-681X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9617848","display_name":"Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya","ror":"https://ror.org/03mb6wj31","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Israel Martin-Escalona","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Telematics Engineering, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya (UPC), Barcelona, Spain","Dept. of Telematics Eng., Univ. Politec. de Catalunya (UPC), Barcelona, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Telematics Engineering, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya (UPC), Barcelona, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Telematics Eng., Univ. Politec. de Catalunya (UPC), Barcelona, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071387993","display_name":"Francisco Barcel\u00f3-Arroyo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0871-1072"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9617848","display_name":"Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya","ror":"https://ror.org/03mb6wj31","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Francisco Barcelo-Arroyo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Telematics Engineering, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya (UPC), Barcelona, Spain","Dept. of Telematics Eng., Univ. Politec. de Catalunya (UPC), Barcelona, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Telematics Engineering, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya (UPC), Barcelona, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Telematics Eng., Univ. Politec. de Catalunya (UPC), Barcelona, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040301485","display_name":"Enrica Zola","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6067-729X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I9617848","display_name":"Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya","ror":"https://ror.org/03mb6wj31","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Enrica Zola","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Telematics Engineering, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya (UPC), Barcelona, Spain","Dept. of Telematics Eng., Univ. Politec. de Catalunya (UPC), Barcelona, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Telematics Engineering, Universitat Polit\u00e8cnica de Catalunya (UPC), Barcelona, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Telematics Eng., Univ. Politec. de Catalunya (UPC), Barcelona, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I9617848"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.08016064,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"3462","issue":null,"first_page":"75","last_page":"81"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10326","display_name":"Indoor and Outdoor Localization Technologies","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11158","display_name":"Wireless Networks and Protocols","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12801","display_name":"Bluetooth and Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multilateration","display_name":"Multilateration","score":0.8375967741012573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plug-in","display_name":"Plug-in","score":0.7871934175491333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/timestamp","display_name":"Timestamp","score":0.7636567950248718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7634034752845764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-deployment","display_name":"Software deployment","score":0.5530562400817871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.5511356592178345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.5459283590316772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protocol-stack","display_name":"Protocol stack","score":0.48045653104782104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-layer","display_name":"Physical layer","score":0.441017210483551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-of-arrival","display_name":"Time of arrival","score":0.4234878420829773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point","display_name":"Point (geometry)","score":0.4105480909347534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/embedded-system","display_name":"Embedded system","score":0.33759990334510803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.25659286975860596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-sensor-network","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","score":0.20631098747253418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/node","display_name":"Node (physics)","score":0.20084667205810547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.1563492715358734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.1551259458065033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.15060117840766907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.11192268133163452}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104037064","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1640884","display_name":"Multilateration","level":3,"score":0.8375967741012573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4924752","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q184148","display_name":"Plug-in","level":2,"score":0.7871934175491333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113954288","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186885","display_name":"Timestamp","level":2,"score":0.7636567950248718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7634034752845764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.5530562400817871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.5511356592178345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.5459283590316772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38601921","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1757693","display_name":"Protocol stack","level":3,"score":0.48045653104782104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19247436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192727","display_name":"Physical layer","level":3,"score":0.441017210483551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163150518","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4135208","display_name":"Time of arrival","level":3,"score":0.4234878420829773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.4105480909347534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149635348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193040","display_name":"Embedded system","level":1,"score":0.33759990334510803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.25659286975860596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.20631098747253418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62611344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062658","display_name":"Node (physics)","level":2,"score":0.20084667205810547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.1563492715358734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.1551259458065033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.15060117840766907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.11192268133163452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/medhocnet.2013.6767413","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/medhocnet.2013.6767413","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2013 12th Annual Mediterranean Ad Hoc Networking Workshop (MED-HOC-NET)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:recercat.cat:2072/224429","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2117/21769","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402147","display_name":"RECERCAT (Consorci de Serveis Universitaris de Catalunya)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210090028","host_organization_name":"Consorci de Serveis Universitaris de Catalunya","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210090028"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:recercat.cat:2072/224429","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/2117/21769","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402147","display_name":"RECERCAT (Consorci de Serveis Universitaris de Catalunya)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210090028","host_organization_name":"Consorci de Serveis Universitaris de Catalunya","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210090028"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1481379692","https://openalex.org/W1484145562","https://openalex.org/W1987010538","https://openalex.org/W1990556868","https://openalex.org/W2045477092","https://openalex.org/W2050448807","https://openalex.org/W2056076226","https://openalex.org/W2099880245","https://openalex.org/W2111825263","https://openalex.org/W2144041533","https://openalex.org/W2147107061","https://openalex.org/W6628753827"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3100472506","https://openalex.org/W2066348132","https://openalex.org/W2932879926","https://openalex.org/W2046534068","https://openalex.org/W2117730682","https://openalex.org/W2215124457","https://openalex.org/W3094266166","https://openalex.org/W2033011651","https://openalex.org/W1995669723","https://openalex.org/W2372243622"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Several":[0],"techniques":[1,64],"have":[2,131],"been":[3,132,187],"proposed":[4],"for":[5,38,114,167,206],"positioning":[6],"nodes":[7],"over":[8],"IEEE":[9],"802.11":[10],"networks,":[11],"but":[12],"only":[13],"few":[14],"consist":[15],"in":[16,87,170,215],"time-based":[17,88,119],"multilateration,":[18],"mainly":[19],"due":[20],"to":[21,33,46,67,149,156,189],"the":[22,35,49,52,56,60,102,139,157,171,178,181,191,197,201,212,225,228],"protocol":[23],"stack":[24],"not":[25],"supporting":[26,115],"accurate":[27,40],"timestamps.":[28,41],"One":[29],"frequent":[30],"solution":[31],"is":[32,65,98,112],"develop":[34],"hardware":[36,70],"required":[37],"providing":[39,80],"However,":[42],"this":[43],"approach":[44],"tends":[45],"slow":[47],"down":[48],"research":[50],"and":[51,153],"ulterior":[53],"deployment":[54],"of":[55,62,105,118,143,164,180],"location":[57,81,207],"techniques,":[58],"since":[59],"performance":[61],"these":[63],"bounded":[66],"a":[68,75,95,144,147],"specific":[69],"design.":[71],"This":[72,175],"paper":[73],"presents":[74],"measuring":[76,182],"system":[77,111,202],"aimed":[78],"at":[79],"observables":[82],"that":[83,196],"can":[84,203],"be":[85,204],"used":[86,169,205],"multilateration":[89],"techniques.":[90],"The":[91,110,135,159,193],"system,":[92],"which":[93,216],"follows":[94],"software":[96],"approach,":[97],"based":[99,219],"on":[100],"enhancing":[101],"SoftMAC":[103],"layer":[104],"Linux":[106],"with":[107,224],"location-measuring":[108],"capabilities.":[109],"conceived":[113],"any":[116],"kind":[117],"measurements,":[120],"by":[121,200],"adding":[122],"as":[123,126],"many":[124],"plugins":[125,130],"measured":[127],"observables.":[128],"Two":[129],"initially":[133],"developed.":[134],"first":[136],"one":[137],"computes":[138],"round":[140],"trip":[141],"time":[142],"message":[145],"from":[146],"station":[148],"an":[150],"access":[151],"point":[152],"back":[154],"again":[155],"station.":[158],"second":[160],"plugin":[161],"calculates":[162],"time-differences":[163],"arrival":[165],"suitable":[166],"being":[168],"passive":[172],"TDOA":[173],"technique.":[174],"work":[176],"provides":[177],"definition":[179],"system.":[183,192],"Real":[184],"data":[185],"has":[186],"collected":[188],"test":[190],"results":[194],"indicate":[195],"measurements":[198],"provided":[199],"purposes,":[208],"i.e.":[209],"they":[210,221],"follow":[211],"physical":[213],"laws":[214],"metrics":[217],"are":[218],"(e.g.":[220],"grow":[222],"along":[223],"distance":[226],"between":[227],"nodes).":[229]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
