{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3164662200","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/med51440.2021.9480294","title":"Enhanced Primary Droop Controller for Meshed DC Micro-Grids with Overvoltage Protection","display_name":"Enhanced Primary Droop Controller for Meshed DC Micro-Grids with Overvoltage Protection","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-06-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3164662200","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/med51440.2021.9480294","mag":"3164662200"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/med51440.2021.9480294","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/med51440.2021.9480294","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 29th Mediterranean Conference on Control and Automation (MED)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"conference-paper","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018807499","display_name":"Andrei\u2010Constantin Braitor","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7666-0457"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91136226","display_name":"University of Sheffield","ror":"https://ror.org/05krs5044","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A.-C. Braitor","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Univesity of Sheffield,Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering,Sheffield,U.K.,S1 3JD"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Univesity of Sheffield,Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering,Sheffield,U.K.,S1 3JD","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007655890","display_name":"George C. Konstantopoulos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3339-6921"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I174878644","display_name":"University of Patras","ror":"https://ror.org/017wvtq80","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174878644"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G. C. Konstantopoulos","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Patras,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Rion,Greece,26500"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Patras,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering,Rion,Greece,26500","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174878644"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085942306","display_name":"Visakan Kadirkamanathan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4243-2501"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91136226","display_name":"University of Sheffield","ror":"https://ror.org/05krs5044","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"V. Kadirkamanathan","raw_affiliation_strings":["The Univesity of Sheffield,Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering,Sheffield,U.K.,S1 3JD"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Univesity of Sheffield,Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering,Sheffield,U.K.,S1 3JD","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91136226"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.8003,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82638625,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"368","last_page":"373"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10223","display_name":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10223","display_name":"Microgrid Control and Optimization","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11102","display_name":"HVDC Systems and Fault Protection","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12277","display_name":"Frequency Control in Power Systems","score":0.9890999794006348,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage-droop","display_name":"Voltage droop","score":0.9713672399520874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/controller","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","score":0.7073512077331543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.6484754681587219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overvoltage","display_name":"Overvoltage","score":0.5859475135803223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-generation","display_name":"Distributed generation","score":0.528319776058197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/grid","display_name":"Grid","score":0.5197077393531799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4653205871582031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-impedance","display_name":"Electrical impedance","score":0.442499577999115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/limit","display_name":"Limit (mathematics)","score":0.4110880196094513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3709888756275177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.3217208981513977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.2424236536026001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage-regulator","display_name":"Voltage regulator","score":0.17034026980400085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.1397390365600586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.07020500302314758}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40760162","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10920295","display_name":"Voltage droop","level":4,"score":0.9713672399520874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203479927","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165939","display_name":"Controller (irrigation)","level":2,"score":0.7073512077331543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.6484754681587219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15703209","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333883","display_name":"Overvoltage","level":3,"score":0.5859475135803223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544738498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q861135","display_name":"Distributed generation","level":3,"score":0.528319776058197},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187691185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2020720","display_name":"Grid","level":2,"score":0.5197077393531799},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4653205871582031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17829176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179043","display_name":"Electrical impedance","level":2,"score":0.442499577999115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151201525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177239","display_name":"Limit (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4110880196094513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3709888756275177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.3217208981513977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.2424236536026001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110706871","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q851210","display_name":"Voltage regulator","level":3,"score":0.17034026980400085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.1397390365600586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.07020500302314758},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188573790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12705","display_name":"Renewable energy","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6557445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173113","display_name":"Agronomy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/med51440.2021.9480294","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/med51440.2021.9480294","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"2021 29th Mediterranean Conference on Control and Automation (MED)","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.whiterose.ac.uk:173288","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/173288/1/Meshed_network_of_grid_forming_converters_A4_Rev_Final.pdf","pdf_url":"https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/173288/1/Meshed_network_of_grid_forming_converters_A4_Rev_Final.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400854","display_name":"White Rose Research Online (University of Leeds, The University of Sheffield, University of York)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2800616092","host_organization_name":"White Rose University Consortium","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800616092"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Proceedings Paper"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8799999952316284,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320310968","display_name":"University of Patras","ror":"https://ror.org/017wvtq80"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1487444668","https://openalex.org/W1504052325","https://openalex.org/W1988845975","https://openalex.org/W2006030070","https://openalex.org/W2009277562","https://openalex.org/W2030267180","https://openalex.org/W2043883312","https://openalex.org/W2073472818","https://openalex.org/W2111212237","https://openalex.org/W2116846721","https://openalex.org/W2119405005","https://openalex.org/W2119986658","https://openalex.org/W2121064293","https://openalex.org/W2143022361","https://openalex.org/W2147448577","https://openalex.org/W2149624137","https://openalex.org/W2342819817","https://openalex.org/W2903737783","https://openalex.org/W2906994258","https://openalex.org/W2962910558","https://openalex.org/W2979132980","https://openalex.org/W2979650161","https://openalex.org/W2996022326","https://openalex.org/W2998486265","https://openalex.org/W3102478690","https://openalex.org/W4301621763","https://openalex.org/W6771588356","https://openalex.org/W6772293603"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W10163036","https://openalex.org/W7827918","https://openalex.org/W11924840","https://openalex.org/W3912010","https://openalex.org/W6496871","https://openalex.org/W5221000","https://openalex.org/W3331337","https://openalex.org/W9638958","https://openalex.org/W4750018","https://openalex.org/W7892248"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Droop":[0],"control":[1,6,22,27,35,53,104,145],"represents":[2],"the":[3,20,25,50,72,77,101,116,127,131,144,158,162,165],"key":[4],"grid-forming":[5],"strategy":[7],"in":[8,80,96],"modern":[9],"micro-grids":[10,40,82],"consisting":[11],"of":[12,24,63,76,164],"multiple":[13],"distributed":[14],"energy":[15],"resources":[16],"(DERs),":[17],"implemented":[18],"at":[19],"primary":[21,167],"layer":[23],"hierarchical":[26],"architecture.":[28],"In":[29,122],"this":[30,97],"paper,":[31,98],"an":[32,112],"enhanced":[33],"droop":[34,52,168],"methodology":[36],"for":[37,115,130,151],"meshed":[38,153],"DC":[39,81,154],"with":[41],"constant":[42],"power":[43],"loads":[44],"(CPLs)":[45],"is":[46,83,119,134,149],"proposed,":[47],"which":[48],"inherits":[49],"conventional":[51],"features":[54],"and":[55,106,137,161],"additionally":[56],"guarantees":[57],"a":[58,152],"crucial":[59],"overvoltage":[60],"protection":[61],"property":[62],"each":[64,69],"DER":[65],"unit,":[66],"independently":[67],"from":[68],"other":[70],"or":[71],"loads.":[73],"Since":[74],"one":[75],"main":[78],"challenges":[79],"that":[84,90],"CPLs":[85],"introduce":[86],"negative":[87],"impedance":[88],"characteristics":[89],"can":[91],"lead":[92],"to":[93,126,142,156],"system":[94,133],"instability,":[95],"based":[99],"on":[100],"proposed":[102,166],"novel":[103],"structure":[105],"using":[107],"nonlinear":[108],"ultimate":[109],"boundedness":[110],"theory,":[111],"upper":[113],"limit":[114],"output":[117],"voltage":[118],"rigorously":[120],"guaranteed.":[121],"addition,":[123],"asymptotic":[124],"stability":[125],"desired":[128],"equilibrium":[129],"closed-loop":[132],"analytically":[135],"proven,":[136],"detailed":[138],"conditions":[139],"are":[140],"derived":[141],"guide":[143],"design.":[146],"Simulation":[147],"testing":[148],"performed":[150],"micro-grid":[155],"verify":[157],"theoretical":[159],"contribution":[160],"effectiveness":[163],"controller.":[169]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-08-11T07:18:39.950985","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
