{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2901401834","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcse.2018.2880577","title":"Exploratory Metamorphic Testing for Scientific Software","display_name":"Exploratory Metamorphic Testing for Scientific Software","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-11-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2901401834","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcse.2018.2880577","mag":"2901401834","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32461738"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mcse.2018.2880577","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcse.2018.2880577","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S107923245","display_name":"Computing in Science & Engineering","issn_l":"1521-9615","issn":["1521-9615","1558-366X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320061","host_organization_name":"AIP Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320061","https://openalex.org/P4310320257"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["AIP Publishing","American Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computing in Science & Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7252536","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061101387","display_name":"Xuan-Yi Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0343-7043"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63135867","display_name":"University of Cincinnati","ror":"https://ror.org/01e3m7079","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63135867"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuanyi Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Cincinnati"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Cincinnati","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63135867"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103075391","display_name":"Michelle Simon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0948-545X"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michelle Simon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Environmental Protection Agency"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Environmental Protection Agency","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044324103","display_name":"Nan Niu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5566-2368"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63135867","display_name":"University of Cincinnati","ror":"https://ror.org/01e3m7079","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63135867"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nan Niu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Cincinnati"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Cincinnati","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63135867"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.3138,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":28,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95267696,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"22","issue":"2","first_page":"78","last_page":"87"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10260","display_name":"Software Engineering Research","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12127","display_name":"Software System Performance and Reliability","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6810833215713501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.5847077369689941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agency","display_name":"Agency (philosophy)","score":0.47619807720184326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/test","display_name":"Test (biology)","score":0.41890421509742737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.38655877113342285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3499802052974701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.18899720907211304}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6810833215713501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.5847077369689941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108170787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3951828","display_name":"Agency (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.47619807720184326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777267654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3519023","display_name":"Test (biology)","level":2,"score":0.41890421509742737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.38655877113342285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3499802052974701},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.18899720907211304},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/mcse.2018.2880577","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcse.2018.2880577","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S107923245","display_name":"Computing in Science & Engineering","issn_l":"1521-9615","issn":["1521-9615","1558-366X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320061","host_organization_name":"AIP Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320061","https://openalex.org/P4310320257"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["AIP Publishing","American Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computing in Science & Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:32461738","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32461738","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computing in science & engineering","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7252536","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7252536","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Comput Sci Eng","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7252536","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7252536","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Comput Sci Eng","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6499999761581421,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6","display_name":"Clean water and sanitation"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2133158962","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CCF 1350487","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309037","display_name":"Office of Research and Development","ror":"https://ror.org/05rsv9s98"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2017425457","https://openalex.org/W2023983970","https://openalex.org/W2046038477","https://openalex.org/W2050621855","https://openalex.org/W2052691601","https://openalex.org/W2081598057","https://openalex.org/W2106628226","https://openalex.org/W2112975341","https://openalex.org/W2134124281","https://openalex.org/W2324595780","https://openalex.org/W2396273285","https://openalex.org/W2547944011","https://openalex.org/W2560091861","https://openalex.org/W2732715043","https://openalex.org/W2889224829","https://openalex.org/W3008797115","https://openalex.org/W4236436755","https://openalex.org/W4254979514","https://openalex.org/W6774112282"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3167258865","https://openalex.org/W4210357677","https://openalex.org/W2094117429","https://openalex.org/W1564472341","https://openalex.org/W2895523957","https://openalex.org/W2213259971","https://openalex.org/W2899687574","https://openalex.org/W2323552265","https://openalex.org/W4389797989","https://openalex.org/W2516596904"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Scientific":[0],"model":[1],"developers":[2],"are":[3],"able":[4],"to":[5,32,50,63,104],"verify":[6],"and":[7,75,79,97,108],"validate":[8],"their":[9],"software":[10],"via":[11],"metamorphic":[12,82],"testing":[13],"(MT),":[14],"even":[15,80],"when":[16],"the":[17,39,48,66,87,115],"expected":[18,40],"output":[19],"of":[20,42,69,101],"a":[21],"given":[22],"test":[23],"case":[24],"is":[25,31,60],"not":[26],"readily":[27],"available.":[28],"The":[29],"tenet":[30],"check":[33],"whether":[34],"certain":[35],"relations":[36,49,83],"hold":[37],"among":[38],"outputs":[41],"multiple-related":[43],"inputs.":[44],"Contemporary":[45],"approaches":[46],"require":[47],"be":[51],"defined":[52],"before":[53],"tests.":[54],"Our":[55],"experience":[56,100],"shows":[57],"that":[58],"it":[59,103],"often":[61],"straightforward":[62],"first":[64],"define":[65],"multiple":[67,78],"iterations":[68],"tests":[70],"for":[71,85,114],"performing":[72],"continuous":[73],"simulations,":[74],"then":[76],"keep":[77],"competing":[81],"open":[84],"investigating":[86],"testing-result":[88],"patterns.":[89],"We":[90],"call":[91],"this":[92],"new":[93],"approach":[94],"exploratory":[95],"MT,":[96],"report":[98],"our":[99],"applying":[102],"detect":[105],"bugs,":[106],"mismatches,":[107],"constraints":[109],"in":[110],"automatically":[111],"calibrating":[112],"parameters":[113],"United":[116],"States":[117],"Environmental":[118],"Protection":[119],"Agency's":[120],"Storm":[121],"Water":[122],"Management":[123],"Model.":[124]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}