{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2896235577","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcse.2018.2875368","title":"Metamorphic Testing: A Simple Yet Effective Approach for Testing Scientific Software","display_name":"Metamorphic Testing: A Simple Yet Effective Approach for Testing Scientific Software","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-10-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2896235577","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcse.2018.2875368","mag":"2896235577"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mcse.2018.2875368","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcse.2018.2875368","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S107923245","display_name":"Computing in Science & Engineering","issn_l":"1521-9615","issn":["1521-9615","1558-366X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320061","host_organization_name":"AIP Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320061","https://openalex.org/P4310320257"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["AIP Publishing","American Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computing in Science &amp; Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083120673","display_name":"Upulee Kanewala","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5954-1616"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126032","display_name":"Montana State University System","ror":"https://ror.org/0343myz07","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210126032"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Upulee Kanewala","raw_affiliation_strings":["Montana State University System, Bozeman, MT, US"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Montana State University System, Bozeman, MT, US","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210126032"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035107113","display_name":"Tsong Yueh Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3578-0994"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57093077","display_name":"Swinburne University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/031rekg67","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57093077"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tsong Yueh Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, AU"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Swinburne University of Technology, Hawthorn, VIC, AU","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57093077"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5083120673"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210126032"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.4882,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92785776,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"1","first_page":"66","last_page":"72"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11986","display_name":"Scientific Computing and Data Management","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1802","display_name":"Information Systems and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11986","display_name":"Scientific Computing and Data Management","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1802","display_name":"Information Systems and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10743","display_name":"Software Testing and Debugging Techniques","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1712","display_name":"Software"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12127","display_name":"Software System Performance and Reliability","score":0.9943000078201294,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6402089595794678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simple","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","score":0.6059165596961975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-testing","display_name":"Software testing","score":0.5161963105201721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metamorphic-rock","display_name":"Metamorphic rock","score":0.4631371796131134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.46002569794654846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software-engineering","display_name":"Software engineering","score":0.32488352060317993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.2776210308074951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.17108389735221863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/petrology","display_name":"Petrology","score":0.11410930752754211}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6402089595794678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780586882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7520643","display_name":"Simple (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.6059165596961975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984328558","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188522","display_name":"Software testing","level":3,"score":0.5161963105201721},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26687426","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47069","display_name":"Metamorphic rock","level":2,"score":0.4631371796131134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.46002569794654846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115903868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q80993","display_name":"Software engineering","level":1,"score":0.32488352060317993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.2776210308074951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.17108389735221863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5900021","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q163082","display_name":"Petrology","level":1,"score":0.11410930752754211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/mcse.2018.2875368","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcse.2018.2875368","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S107923245","display_name":"Computing in Science & Engineering","issn_l":"1521-9615","issn":["1521-9615","1558-366X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320061","host_organization_name":"AIP Publishing","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320061","https://openalex.org/P4310320257"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["AIP Publishing","American Institute of Physics"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computing in Science &amp; Engineering","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:researchbank.swinburne.edu.au:49ac2d1a-045c-4339-aba3-00eae003a601/1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1959.3/446204","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401157","display_name":"Swinburne Research Bank (Swinburne University of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I57093077","host_organization_name":"Swinburne University of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57093077"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Computing in Science &amp; Engineering, Vol. 21, no. 1 (Jan/Feb 2018), pp. 66-72","raw_type":""}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1835879695","https://openalex.org/W2017425457","https://openalex.org/W2033426793","https://openalex.org/W2044258775","https://openalex.org/W2044771160","https://openalex.org/W2142262899","https://openalex.org/W2280554095","https://openalex.org/W2324595780","https://openalex.org/W2520515022","https://openalex.org/W2541368122","https://openalex.org/W2782311202","https://openalex.org/W4234178642","https://openalex.org/W7073554479"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2230691193","https://openalex.org/W4248389398","https://openalex.org/W18977309","https://openalex.org/W2247596074","https://openalex.org/W2356158875","https://openalex.org/W2367699234","https://openalex.org/W2347547156","https://openalex.org/W2360518820","https://openalex.org/W2374823395","https://openalex.org/W2144179818"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Testing":[0],"scientific":[1,81,99],"software":[2,21,36,70,82,123],"is":[3,50,64,74,89,108],"a":[4,51,65],"difficult":[5],"task":[6],"due":[7],"to":[8,44,90,131],"their":[9],"inherent":[10],"complexity":[11],"and":[12,115,134],"the":[13,69,80],"lack":[14],"of":[15,86],"test":[16,143],"oracles.":[17],"In":[18],"addition,":[19],"these":[20],"systems":[22],"are":[23,30,118],"usually":[24],"developed":[25],"by":[26,79],"end-user":[27],"developers":[28,37],"who":[29,117],"not":[31,75,119,141],"normally":[32],"trained":[33,121],"as":[34,93,122],"professional":[35],"nor":[38],"testers.":[39],"These":[40],"factors":[41],"often":[42],"lead":[43],"inadequate":[45],"testing.":[46],"Metamorphic":[47],"testing":[48,55,58,71,98,111,136,148],"(MT)":[49],"simple":[52],"yet":[53],"effective":[54,95,135],"technique":[56,67,96,112],"for":[57,97,113],"such":[59],"applications.":[60],"Even":[61],"though":[62],"MT":[63,92,107],"wellknown":[66],"in":[68],"community,":[72],"it":[73,127],"very":[76],"well":[77],"utilized":[78],"developers.":[83,124],"The":[84],"objective":[85],"this":[87,102],"paper":[88],"present":[91],"an":[94,109],"software.":[100],"To":[101],"end,":[103],"we":[104],"discuss":[105],"why":[106],"appropriate":[110],"scientists":[114],"engineers":[116],"primarily":[120],"Specifically,":[125],"how":[126],"can":[128],"be":[129],"used":[130],"conduct":[132],"systematic":[133],"on":[137],"programs":[138],"that":[139],"do":[140],"have":[142],"oracles":[144],"without":[145],"requiring":[146],"additional":[147],"tools.":[149]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
