{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4328053478","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcomstd.0002.2200049","title":"Hybrid Self-Organizing Networks: Evolution, Standardization Trends, and a 6G Architecture Vision","display_name":"Hybrid Self-Organizing Networks: Evolution, Standardization Trends, and a 6G Architecture Vision","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4328053478","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcomstd.0002.2200049"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mcomstd.0002.2200049","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcomstd.0002.2200049","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210170334","display_name":"IEEE Communications Standards Magazine","issn_l":"2471-2825","issn":["2471-2825","2471-2833"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Standards Magazine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://zenodo.org/record/8327889","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035865866","display_name":"Abdelaali Chaoub","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2323-1800"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210153527","display_name":"Institut National des Postes et T\u00e9l\u00e9communications","ror":"https://ror.org/052bnvt46","country_code":"MA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210153527","https://openalex.org/I4210167103"]}],"countries":["MA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Abdelaali Chaoub","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Posts and Telecommunications (INPT),Morocco","National Institute of Posts and Telecommunications (INPT), Morocco"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Posts and Telecommunications (INPT),Morocco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153527"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Posts and Telecommunications (INPT), Morocco","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153527"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055203708","display_name":"Aarne M\u00e4mmel\u00e4","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6659-4126"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87653560","display_name":"VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland","ror":"https://ror.org/04b181w54","country_code":"FI","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210089493","https://openalex.org/I87653560"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aarne M\u00e4mmel\u00e4","raw_affiliation_strings":["VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland,Finland","VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Finland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland,Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87653560"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87653560"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023346968","display_name":"Pedro Mart\u00ednez-Julia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9627-3078"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90023481","display_name":"National Institute of Information and Communications Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/016bgq349","country_code":"JP","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90023481"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pedro Martinez-Julia","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT),Japan","National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT), Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT),Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90023481"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT), Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90023481"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057622704","display_name":"Ranganai Chaparadza","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ranganai Chaparadza","raw_affiliation_strings":["Capgemini Engineering & IPv6 Forum,Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Capgemini Engineering & IPv6 Forum,Germany","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053415685","display_name":"Muslim Elkotob","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I245417339","display_name":"Vodafone (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/044qwkx83","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I245417339","https://openalex.org/I74316835"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muslim Elkotob","raw_affiliation_strings":["Vodafone,Germany","Vodafone, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Vodafone,Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I245417339"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Vodafone, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I245417339"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087787101","display_name":"Lyndon Ong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2124-8828"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1295297804","display_name":"Ciena (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/05w425588","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1295297804"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lyndon Ong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ciena,USA","Ciena, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ciena,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1295297804"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ciena, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1295297804"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078151811","display_name":"Dilip Krishnaswamy","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210118840","display_name":"Science and Technology Park of Crete","ror":"https://ror.org/02ddqp560","country_code":"GR","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210118840"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dilip Krishnaswamy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sterlite Tech,USA","Sterlite Tech, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sterlite Tech,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210118840"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sterlite Tech, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007199285","display_name":"Antti Anttonen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0575-9409"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I87653560","display_name":"VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland","ror":"https://ror.org/04b181w54","country_code":"FI","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210089493","https://openalex.org/I87653560"]}],"countries":["FI"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Antti Anttonen","raw_affiliation_strings":["VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland,Finland","VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Finland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland,Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87653560"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Finland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I87653560"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103347817","display_name":"Ashutosh Dutta","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802946424","display_name":"Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/029pp9z10","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145311948","https://openalex.org/I2802946424"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ashutosh Dutta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory,USA","Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802946424"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802946424"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":6,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5035865866"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210153527"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.6237,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":29,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93519437,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"1","first_page":"14","last_page":"22"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12808","display_name":"Ferroelectric and Negative Capacitance Devices","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12808","display_name":"Ferroelectric and Negative Capacitance Devices","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9914000034332275,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/standardization","display_name":"Standardization","score":0.8337717056274414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.6786982417106628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6427456736564636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architecture","display_name":"Architecture","score":0.561748743057251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.4828127324581146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.4000627100467682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.37240156531333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3695112466812134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.23649334907531738}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188087704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q369577","display_name":"Standardization","level":2,"score":0.8337717056274414},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.6786982417106628},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6427456736564636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.561748743057251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4828127324581146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.4000627100467682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.37240156531333923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3695112466812134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.23649334907531738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/mcomstd.0002.2200049","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcomstd.0002.2200049","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210170334","display_name":"IEEE Communications Standards Magazine","issn_l":"2471-2825","issn":["2471-2825","2471-2833"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Standards Magazine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:zenodo.org:8327889","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://zenodo.org/record/8327889","pdf_url":"https://zenodo.org/record/8327889","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Standards Magazine 7(1) 14 - 22","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:zenodo.org:8327889","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://zenodo.org/record/8327889","pdf_url":"https://zenodo.org/record/8327889","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Standards Magazine 7(1) 14 - 22","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.5600000023841858,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4328053478.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2151854870","https://openalex.org/W2755953925","https://openalex.org/W2790050394","https://openalex.org/W2793017850","https://openalex.org/W2916202418","https://openalex.org/W2980765376","https://openalex.org/W3090615085","https://openalex.org/W3169655941","https://openalex.org/W3198890542","https://openalex.org/W3200981643","https://openalex.org/W3207864094","https://openalex.org/W3217596786","https://openalex.org/W4223582060"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2378767206","https://openalex.org/W1540871478","https://openalex.org/W328308450","https://openalex.org/W282641168","https://openalex.org/W2376963063","https://openalex.org/W2066396794","https://openalex.org/W2366734808","https://openalex.org/W2002476357","https://openalex.org/W2391444248","https://openalex.org/W2390716080"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Self-organizing":[0],"networks":[1],"(SONs)":[2],"need":[3],"to":[4,10,20,59,144,178,207,212],"be":[5,35,71,171,201],"endowed":[6],"with":[7,221],"self-coordination":[8,31,67,103],"capabilities":[9],"manage":[11],"the":[12,74,84,96,101,109,118,138,146,155,179,191,196,209,219,222,226,230],"complex":[13],"relations":[14],"between":[15,188],"their":[16,22,48],"internal":[17],"components":[18],"and":[19,53,86,89,115,121,135,141,148,185,211,229],"avoid":[21,213],"destructive":[23],"interactions.":[24],"Existing":[25],"communication":[26],"technologies":[27],"commonly":[28],"implement":[29],"responsive":[30],"mechanisms":[32],"that":[33,168,194],"can":[34,70],"very":[36],"slow":[37],"in":[38,47,190],"dynamic":[39],"situations.":[40,215],"The":[41],"sixth":[42],"generation":[43],"(6G)":[44],"networks,":[45],"being":[46],"early":[49],"stages":[50],"of":[51,76,98,111,132,154,182,233],"research":[52],"standardization":[54,133],"activities,":[55],"open":[56],"new":[57],"opportunities":[58],"opt":[60],"for":[61,124,150],"a":[62,129,151,161],"design-driven":[63],"approach":[64],"when":[65],"developing":[66],"capabilities.":[68],"This":[69],"achieved":[72],"through":[73],"use":[75],"hybrid":[77,81,112],"SON":[78],"designs.":[79],"A":[80],"architecture":[82],"combines":[83],"centralized":[85],"distributed":[87],"management":[88],"control.":[90],"In":[91],"this":[92],"article,":[93],"we":[94,116,166],"review":[95],"history":[97],"SONs,":[99],"including":[100],"inherent":[102],"feature.":[104],"We":[105,127,216],"then":[106],"delve":[107],"into":[108],"concept":[110],"SONs":[113],"(H-SONs),":[114],"summarize":[117],"challenges,":[119],"opportunities,":[120],"future":[122,227],"trends":[123],"H-SON":[125,156],"development.":[126],"provide":[128],"comprehensive":[130],"collection":[131],"activities":[134],"recommendations,":[136],"discussing":[137],"key":[139,162,223,231],"contributions":[140],"potential":[142],"work":[143],"continue":[145],"evolution":[147],"push":[149],"wide":[152],"adoption":[153],"paradigm.":[157],"More":[158],"importantly,":[159],"as":[160],"6G":[163,234],"architectural":[164],"feature":[165],"propose":[167],"H-SONs":[169],"should":[170],"loosely":[172],"coupled":[173],"networks.":[174],"Loose":[175],"coupling":[176],"refers":[177],"weak":[180,186],"interaction":[181,187],"different":[183],"layers":[184],"users":[189],"same":[192],"layer,":[193],"is,":[195],"various":[197],"feedback":[198],"loops":[199],"must":[200],"almost":[202],"isolated":[203],"from":[204],"each":[205],"other":[206],"improve":[208],"stability":[210],"chaotic":[214],"finally":[217],"conclude":[218],"article":[220],"hints":[224],"about":[225],"landscape":[228],"drivers":[232],"H-SONs.":[235]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2023-03-22T00:00:00"}