{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2345842246","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.2016.7514161","title":"From network sharing to multi-tenancy: The 5G network slice broker","display_name":"From network sharing to multi-tenancy: The 5G network slice broker","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2345842246","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.2016.7514161","mag":"2345842246"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mcom.2016.7514161","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.2016.7514161","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S158797327","display_name":"IEEE Communications Magazine","issn_l":"0163-6804","issn":["0163-6804","1558-1896"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Magazine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1605.01201","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046156201","display_name":"Konstantinos Samdanis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5497-2719"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164122","display_name":"NEC (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hxss661","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118347220","https://openalex.org/I4210164122"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Konstantinos Samdanis","raw_affiliation_strings":["NEC Europe Ltd, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NEC Europe Ltd, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164122"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086187463","display_name":"Xavier Costa\u2010P\u00e9rez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9654-6109"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164122","display_name":"NEC (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hxss661","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118347220","https://openalex.org/I4210164122"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xavier Costa-Perez","raw_affiliation_strings":["NEC Europe Ltd, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NEC Europe Ltd, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164122"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071187690","display_name":"Vincenzo Sciancalepore","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0680-7150"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164122","display_name":"NEC (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/05hxss661","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118347220","https://openalex.org/I4210164122"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vincenzo Sciancalepore","raw_affiliation_strings":["NEC Europe Ltd, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NEC Europe Ltd, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164122"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5046156201"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164122"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":66.182,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":505,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99950132,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"54","issue":"7","first_page":"32","last_page":"39"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10651","display_name":"IPv6, Mobility, Handover, Networks, Security","score":0.9387999773025513,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10796","display_name":"Cooperative Communication and Network Coding","score":0.935699999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8085025548934937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-expense","display_name":"Operating expense","score":0.6032415628433228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.5823105573654175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multitenancy","display_name":"Multitenancy","score":0.5484094619750977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cellular-network","display_name":"Cellular network","score":0.49788570404052734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/capital-expenditure","display_name":"Capital expenditure","score":0.47115030884742737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/public-land-mobile-network","display_name":"Public land mobile network","score":0.41743868589401245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/core-network","display_name":"Core network","score":0.41015952825546265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.35867437720298767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-telephony","display_name":"Mobile telephony","score":0.35432374477386475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.12581193447113037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-radio","display_name":"Mobile radio","score":0.113070547580719}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8085025548934937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87450203","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q831940","display_name":"Operating expense","level":2,"score":0.6032415628433228},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.5823105573654175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69016650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1364211","display_name":"Multitenancy","level":5,"score":0.5484094619750977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153646914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q535695","display_name":"Cellular network","level":2,"score":0.49788570404052734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172497479","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q302208","display_name":"Capital expenditure","level":2,"score":0.47115030884742737},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36800599","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q915808","display_name":"Public land mobile network","level":4,"score":0.41743868589401245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5038329","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1142907","display_name":"Core network","level":2,"score":0.41015952825546265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.35867437720298767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95491727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q992968","display_name":"Mobile telephony","level":3,"score":0.35432374477386475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.12581193447113037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781307350","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6887221","display_name":"Mobile radio","level":2,"score":0.113070547580719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121955636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116214","display_name":"Accounting","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529173508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q638608","display_name":"Software development","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175133352","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1254596","display_name":"Software as a service","level":4,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/mcom.2016.7514161","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.2016.7514161","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S158797327","display_name":"IEEE Communications Magazine","issn_l":"0163-6804","issn":["0163-6804","1558-1896"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Magazine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1605.01201","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1605.01201","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1605.01201","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:1605.01201","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/1605.01201","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/1605.01201","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.6499999761581421,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":1,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2487114213"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W826751029","https://openalex.org/W2053698932","https://openalex.org/W3027759008","https://openalex.org/W4317722383","https://openalex.org/W2492323655","https://openalex.org/W4312481169","https://openalex.org/W2806536953","https://openalex.org/W2185738703","https://openalex.org/W4312957843","https://openalex.org/W3121976136"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,21],"ever-increasing":[1],"traffic":[2],"demand":[3],"is":[4],"pushing":[5],"network":[6,22,36,72,102,137,147,157],"operators":[7],"to":[8,78,111],"find":[9],"new":[10,58],"cost-efficient":[11],"solutions":[12],"toward":[13,46],"the":[14,28,44,67,87,90,126,143,153],"deployment":[15],"of":[16,66,89,145,155],"future":[17,79],"5G":[18,91,96],"mobile":[19,35,100],"networks.":[20],"sharing":[23,73],"paradigm":[24],"was":[25],"explored":[26],"in":[27,95],"past":[29],"and":[30,51,76,106,113,159],"partially":[31],"deployed.":[32],"Nowadays,":[33],"advanced":[34,136],"multi-tenancy":[37],"approaches":[38],"are":[39],"increasingly":[40],"gaining":[41],"momentum,":[42],"paving":[43],"way":[45],"further":[47],"decreasing":[48],"capital":[49],"expenditure":[50,53],"operational":[52],"(CAPEX/OPEX)":[54],"costs,":[55],"while":[56],"enabling":[57,135],"business":[59],"opportunities.":[60],"This":[61],"article":[62],"provides":[63],"an":[64],"overview":[65],"3GPP":[68],"standard":[69],"evolution":[70],"from":[71,116],"principles,":[74],"mechanisms,":[75],"architectures":[77],"on-demand":[80],"multi-tenant":[81],"systems.":[82],"In":[83],"particular,":[84],"it":[85,124],"introduces":[86],"concept":[88],"Network":[92],"Slice":[93],"Broker":[94],"systems,":[97],"which":[98],"enables":[99],"virtual":[101],"operators,":[103],"over-the-top":[104],"providers,":[105],"industry":[107],"vertical":[108],"market":[109],"players":[110],"request":[112],"lease":[114],"resources":[115],"infrastructure":[117],"providers":[118],"dynamically":[119],"via":[120],"signaling":[121],"means.":[122],"Finally,":[123],"reviews":[125],"latest":[127],"standardization":[128],"efforts,":[129],"considering":[130],"remaining":[131],"open":[132],"issues":[133],"for":[134],"slicing":[138],"solutions,":[139],"taking":[140],"into":[141],"account":[142],"allocation":[144],"virtualized":[146],"functions":[148],"based":[149],"on":[150],"ETSI":[151],"NFV,":[152],"introduction":[154],"shared":[156],"functions,":[158],"flexible":[160],"service":[161],"chaining.":[162]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":36},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":47},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":75},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":96},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":86},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":69},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":57},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-03-10T16:38:18.471706","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}