{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2272996903","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.2016.7402263","title":"Coexistence of WiFi and LiFi toward 5G: concepts, opportunities, and challenges","display_name":"Coexistence of WiFi and LiFi toward 5G: concepts, opportunities, and challenges","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2272996903","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.2016.7402263","mag":"2272996903"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mcom.2016.7402263","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.2016.7402263","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S158797327","display_name":"IEEE Communications Magazine","issn_l":"0163-6804","issn":["0163-6804","1558-1896"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Magazine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050702557","display_name":"Moussa Ayyash","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0868-143X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74234424","display_name":"Chicago State University","ror":"https://ror.org/05ekwbr88","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74234424"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Moussa Ayyash","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chicago State University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chicago State University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74234424"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022556560","display_name":"Hany Elgala","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7098-9278"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I392282","display_name":"University at Albany, State University of New York","ror":"https://ror.org/012zs8222","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I392282"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hany Elgala","raw_affiliation_strings":["State University of New York (SUNY) \u2014 Albany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State University of New York (SUNY) \u2014 Albany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I392282"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062119199","display_name":"Abdallah Khreishah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1583-713X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118118575","display_name":"New Jersey Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05e74xb87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdallah Khreishah","raw_affiliation_strings":["New Jersey Institute of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"New Jersey Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054929239","display_name":"Volker Jungnickel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3135-5213"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800274787","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Telecommunications, Heinrich Hertz Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/02tbr6331","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800274787","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Volker Jungnickel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer Heinrich Hertz Institute"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer Heinrich Hertz Institute","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800274787"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059257069","display_name":"Thomas D. C. Little","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5208-5358"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas Little","raw_affiliation_strings":["Boston University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Boston University","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060633659","display_name":"Sihua Shao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2831-9860"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I118118575","display_name":"New Jersey Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05e74xb87","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sihua Shao","raw_affiliation_strings":["New Jersey Institute of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"New Jersey Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I118118575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031388549","display_name":"Michael Rahaim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7205-1929"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Rahaim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Boston University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Boston University","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066563048","display_name":"Dominic Schulz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5077-8222"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800274787","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Telecommunications, Heinrich Hertz Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/02tbr6331","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800274787","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dominic Schulz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer Heinrich Hertz Institute"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer Heinrich Hertz Institute","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800274787"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113956702","display_name":"Jonas Hilt","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800274787","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Telecommunications, Heinrich Hertz Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/02tbr6331","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800274787","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jonas Hilt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer Heinrich Hertz Institute"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer Heinrich Hertz Institute","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800274787"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053776864","display_name":"Ronald Freund","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9427-3437"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800274787","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Telecommunications, Heinrich Hertz Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/02tbr6331","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800274787","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ronald Freund","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fraunhofer Heinrich Hertz Institute"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fraunhofer Heinrich Hertz Institute","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800274787"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":10,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5050702557"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74234424"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":38.8703,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":464,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99857676,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"54","issue":"2","first_page":"64","last_page":"71"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10767","display_name":"Advanced Photonic Communication Systems","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9958000183105469,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8050892353057861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.6588180661201477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gigabit","display_name":"Gigabit","score":0.6339884996414185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/heterogeneous-network","display_name":"Heterogeneous network","score":0.5609003305435181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.560136079788208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.5572331547737122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality-of-service","display_name":"Quality of service","score":0.5015995502471924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.4867860972881317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-network","display_name":"Wireless network","score":0.4693511426448822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.1355360746383667}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8050892353057861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.6588180661201477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21922175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3105497","display_name":"Gigabit","level":2,"score":0.6339884996414185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158207573","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5747224","display_name":"Heterogeneous network","level":4,"score":0.5609003305435181},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.560136079788208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.5572331547737122},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5119721","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220501","display_name":"Quality of service","level":2,"score":0.5015995502471924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.4867860972881317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108037233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11375","display_name":"Wireless network","level":3,"score":0.4693511426448822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.1355360746383667}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/mcom.2016.7402263","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.2016.7402263","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S158797327","display_name":"IEEE Communications Magazine","issn_l":"0163-6804","issn":["0163-6804","1558-1896"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Magazine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:publica.fraunhofer.de:publica/244274","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://publica.fraunhofer.de/handle/publica/244274","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400318","display_name":"Fraunhofer-Publica (Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4923324","host_organization_name":"Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4923324"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"journal article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.6499999761581421}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320337392","display_name":"Division of Electrical, Communications and Cyber Systems","ror":"https://ror.org/01krpsy48"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1966370141","https://openalex.org/W1979952927","https://openalex.org/W1992255762","https://openalex.org/W2027009445","https://openalex.org/W2031277867","https://openalex.org/W2037042149","https://openalex.org/W2087045149","https://openalex.org/W2088717366","https://openalex.org/W2109159967","https://openalex.org/W2111697380","https://openalex.org/W2127751087","https://openalex.org/W2129939749","https://openalex.org/W2163670414","https://openalex.org/W2295414367","https://openalex.org/W6657883310"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1584888409","https://openalex.org/W2963527963","https://openalex.org/W2914383144","https://openalex.org/W3100451096","https://openalex.org/W2103572136","https://openalex.org/W2095498786","https://openalex.org/W2366251550","https://openalex.org/W2779515473","https://openalex.org/W2183862607","https://openalex.org/W2140682030"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Smart":[0],"phones,":[1],"tablets,":[2],"and":[3,23,34,114,118,137,140],"the":[4,7,30,46,70,89,109,130],"rise":[5],"of":[6,9,32,48,93,112],"Internet":[8,24],"Things":[10],"are":[11,64],"driving":[12],"an":[13,42],"insatiable":[14],"demand":[15,20],"for":[16,123],"wireless":[17,71,83],"capacity.":[18],"This":[19],"requires":[21],"networking":[22],"infrastructures":[25],"to":[26,28,53,80,126],"evolve":[27],"meet":[29],"needs":[31],"current":[33,139],"future":[35,141],"multimedia":[36],"applications.":[37],"Wireless":[38],"HetNets":[39,72],"will":[40],"play":[41],"important":[43],"role":[44],"toward":[45],"goal":[47],"using":[49,76],"a":[50,96,120,150],"diverse":[51],"spectrum":[52],"provide":[54],"high":[55],"quality-of-service,":[56],"especially":[57],"in":[58,69,134,148],"indoor":[59,77],"environments":[60],"where":[61,85],"most":[62],"data":[63],"consumed.":[65],"An":[66],"additional":[67,82],"tier":[68],"concept":[73],"is":[74,87,101],"envisioned":[75],"gigabit":[78],"small-cells":[79],"offer":[81],"capacity":[84],"it":[86],"needed":[88],"most.":[90],"The":[91],"use":[92],"light":[94],"as":[95],"new":[97],"mobile":[98],"access":[99],"medium":[100],"considered":[102],"promising.":[103],"In":[104],"this":[105,135],"article,":[106],"we":[107],"describe":[108],"general":[110],"characteristics":[111],"WiFi":[113],"VLC":[115,153],"(or":[116],"LiFi)":[117],"demonstrate":[119],"practical":[121],"framework":[122],"both":[124],"technologies":[125],"coexist.":[127],"We":[128],"explore":[129],"existing":[131],"research":[132,142],"activity":[133],"area":[136],"articulate":[138],"challenges":[143],"based":[144],"on":[145],"our":[146],"experience":[147],"building":[149],"proof-of-concept":[151],"prototype":[152],"HetNet.":[154]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":31},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":35},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":42},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":56},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":65},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":69},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":76},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":52},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-05-16T08:24:45.110214","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}