{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1988479411","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.2014.6894456","title":"Radio propagation path loss models for 5G cellular networks in the 28 GHZ and 38 GHZ millimeter-wave bands","display_name":"Radio propagation path loss models for 5G cellular networks in the 28 GHZ and 38 GHZ millimeter-wave bands","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-09-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1988479411","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.2014.6894456","mag":"1988479411"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mcom.2014.6894456","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.2014.6894456","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S158797327","display_name":"IEEE Communications Magazine","issn_l":"0163-6804","issn":["0163-6804","1558-1896"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Magazine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082912083","display_name":"Ahmed Iyanda Sulyman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8549-653X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28022161","display_name":"King Saud University","ror":"https://ror.org/02f81g417","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ahmed Iyanda Sulyman","raw_affiliation_strings":["King Saud University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"King Saud University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089447049","display_name":"Almuthanna Nassar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28022161","display_name":"King Saud University","ror":"https://ror.org/02f81g417","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Almuthanna T. Nassar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Mobily Telecom Company and King Saud University","King Saud University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Mobily Telecom Company and King Saud University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"King Saud University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112051675","display_name":"Mathew K. Samimi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57206974","display_name":"New York University","ror":"https://ror.org/0190ak572","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mathew K. Samimi","raw_affiliation_strings":["NYU Polytechnic School of Engineering",", NYU Polytechnic School of Engineering"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NYU Polytechnic School of Engineering","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":", NYU Polytechnic School of Engineering","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068361918","display_name":"George R. MacCartney","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8665-8318"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I57206974","display_name":"New York University","ror":"https://ror.org/0190ak572","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"George R. Maccartney","raw_affiliation_strings":["NYU Polytechnic School of Engineering",", NYU Polytechnic School of Engineering"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NYU Polytechnic School of Engineering","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":", NYU Polytechnic School of Engineering","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I57206974"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058193542","display_name":"Theodore S. Rappaport","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7449-9957"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I219193219","display_name":"Purdue University West Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Theodore S. Rappaport","raw_affiliation_strings":["NYU Polytechnic School of Engineering","Purdue University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NYU Polytechnic School of Engineering","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Purdue University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I219193219"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013046310","display_name":"Abdulhameed Alsanie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5449-761X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28022161","display_name":"King Saud University","ror":"https://ror.org/02f81g417","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdulhameed Alsanie","raw_affiliation_strings":["King Saud University"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"King Saud University","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5082912083"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28022161"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":35.1295,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":533,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99801816,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"52","issue":"9","first_page":"78","last_page":"86"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13905","display_name":"Telecommunications and Broadcasting Technologies","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/path-loss","display_name":"Path loss","score":0.9020178318023682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extremely-high-frequency","display_name":"Extremely high frequency","score":0.7833740711212158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.7465535402297974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6732403635978699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cellular-network","display_name":"Cellular network","score":0.5593917965888977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-spectrum","display_name":"Radio spectrum","score":0.5578699707984924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/millimeter","display_name":"Millimeter","score":0.550270140171051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interference","display_name":"Interference (communication)","score":0.545168399810791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/log-distance-path-loss-model","display_name":"Log-distance path loss model","score":0.5349639058113098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-propagation-model","display_name":"Radio propagation model","score":0.5319901704788208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-propagation","display_name":"Radio propagation","score":0.4957174062728882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/directional-antenna","display_name":"Directional antenna","score":0.48543721437454224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microwave","display_name":"Microwave","score":0.47549211978912354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.4659042954444885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/range","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","score":0.45440030097961426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-telephony","display_name":"Mobile telephony","score":0.4113842844963074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.356650173664093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.27027517557144165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.22848668694496155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.20540356636047363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-radio","display_name":"Mobile radio","score":0.1902465522289276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.12366646528244019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.10534092783927917}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194273485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1478845","display_name":"Path loss","level":3,"score":0.9020178318023682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45764600","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q570342","display_name":"Extremely high frequency","level":2,"score":0.7833740711212158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.7465535402297974},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6732403635978699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153646914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q535695","display_name":"Cellular network","level":2,"score":0.5593917965888977},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92545706","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q902174","display_name":"Radio spectrum","level":2,"score":0.5578699707984924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109792285","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174789","display_name":"Millimeter","level":2,"score":0.550270140171051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32022120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q797225","display_name":"Interference (communication)","level":3,"score":0.545168399810791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97316775","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3575778","display_name":"Log-distance path loss model","level":4,"score":0.5349639058113098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76843793","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1474701","display_name":"Radio propagation model","level":3,"score":0.5319901704788208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202311505","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1474701","display_name":"Radio propagation","level":2,"score":0.4957174062728882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64671776","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q769152","display_name":"Directional antenna","level":3,"score":0.48543721437454224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44838205","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127995","display_name":"Microwave","level":2,"score":0.47549211978912354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.4659042954444885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204323151","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q905424","display_name":"Range (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.45440030097961426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95491727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q992968","display_name":"Mobile telephony","level":3,"score":0.4113842844963074},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.356650173664093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.27027517557144165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.22848668694496155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.20540356636047363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781307350","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6887221","display_name":"Mobile radio","level":2,"score":0.1902465522289276},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.12366646528244019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.10534092783927917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/mcom.2014.6894456","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.2014.6894456","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S158797327","display_name":"IEEE Communications Magazine","issn_l":"0163-6804","issn":["0163-6804","1558-1896"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Magazine","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.5299999713897705,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321145","display_name":"King Saud University","ror":"https://ror.org/02f81g417"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2007589188","https://openalex.org/W2040644879","https://openalex.org/W2054405892","https://openalex.org/W2077103973","https://openalex.org/W2091086448","https://openalex.org/W2092360127","https://openalex.org/W2095843437","https://openalex.org/W2108672684","https://openalex.org/W2116334496","https://openalex.org/W2138020668","https://openalex.org/W2145417574","https://openalex.org/W2545289808","https://openalex.org/W2546363041"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2214790880","https://openalex.org/W3088968802","https://openalex.org/W1713446845","https://openalex.org/W4210686141","https://openalex.org/W1153049019","https://openalex.org/W3172634993","https://openalex.org/W2066754053","https://openalex.org/W1523481740","https://openalex.org/W2624760132","https://openalex.org/W3205324984"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"article":[1],"presents":[2],"empirically-based":[3],"large-scale":[4],"propagation":[5,53],"path":[6,39,111],"loss":[7,40,112],"models":[8,41,68],"for":[9,43,60,160],"fifth-generation":[10],"cellular":[11,61],"network":[12],"planning":[13,72],"in":[14,28,56,128,147,188],"the":[15,52,66,129,134,151,189,196],"millimeter-wave":[16,58],"spectrum,":[17],"based":[18,114],"on":[19,115],"real-world":[20],"measurements":[21],"at":[22,133],"28":[23],"GHz":[24,27],"and":[25,32,47,98,137,178,192],"38":[26],"New":[29],"York":[30],"City":[31],"Austin,":[33],"Texas,":[34],"respectively.":[35],"We":[36],"consider":[37],"industry-standard":[38],"used":[42],"today's":[44,172],"microwave":[45],"bands,":[46],"modify":[48],"them":[49],"to":[50,84,91,95,106,166],"fit":[51],"data":[54],"measured":[55],"these":[57],"bands":[59],"planning.":[62],"Network":[63],"simulations":[64,113],"with":[65,144,195],"proposed":[67],"using":[69,184],"a":[70],"commercial":[71],"tool":[73],"show":[74],"that":[75],"roughly":[76],"three":[77],"times":[78,169],"more":[79],"base":[80,135,156],"stations":[81],"are":[82,126,164],"required":[83,152],"accommodate":[85],"5G":[86,155],"networks":[87],"(cell":[88,101],"radii":[89,102],"up":[90],"200":[92],"m)":[93],"compared":[94],"existing":[96],"3G":[97],"4G":[99],"systems":[100],"of":[103,119,154,198],"500":[104],"m":[105],"1":[107],"km)":[108],"when":[109,123,183],"performing":[110],"arbitrary":[116],"pointing":[117,162],"angles":[118,163],"directional":[120,124,185],"antennas.":[121],"However,":[122],"antennas":[125,186],"pointed":[127,187],"single":[130],"best":[131],"directions":[132,194],"station":[136],"mobile,":[138],"coverage":[139],"range":[140],"is":[141],"substantially":[142],"improved":[143,182],"little":[145],"increase":[146],"interference,":[148],"thereby":[149],"reducing":[150],"number":[153],"stations.":[157],"Capacity":[158],"gains":[159],"random":[161],"shown":[165],"be":[167,180],"20":[168],"greater":[170],"than":[171],"fourth-generation":[173],"Long":[174],"Term":[175],"Evolution":[176],"networks,":[177],"can":[179],"further":[181],"strongest":[190],"transmit":[191],"receive":[193],"help":[197],"beam":[199],"combining":[200],"techniques.":[201]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":29},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":44},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":47},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":56},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":51},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":72},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":55},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":73},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":50},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":37},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-05-08T15:41:06.802602","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}