{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2126842049","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.2013.6400436","title":"WAKE: Key management scheme for wide-area measurement systems in smart grid","display_name":"WAKE: Key management scheme for wide-area measurement systems in smart grid","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2126842049","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.2013.6400436","mag":"2126842049"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mcom.2013.6400436","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.2013.6400436","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S158797327","display_name":"IEEE Communications Magazine","issn_l":"0163-6804","issn":["0163-6804","1558-1896"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Magazine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020675850","display_name":"Yee Wei Law","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5665-0980"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165779595","display_name":"The University of Melbourne","ror":"https://ror.org/01ej9dk98","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165779595"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yee Wei Law","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Melbourne"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The University of Melbourne","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165779595"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080554686","display_name":"Marimuthu Palaniswami","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3635-4252"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165779595","display_name":"The University of Melbourne","ror":"https://ror.org/01ej9dk98","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165779595"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M. Palaniswami","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Melbourne","The University of Melbourne,"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Melbourne","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165779595"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Melbourne,","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165779595"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063156321","display_name":"Gina Kounga","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I40120149","display_name":"University of Oxford","ror":"https://ror.org/052gg0110","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"G. Kounga","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Oxford","the university of oxford"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Oxford","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"the university of oxford","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I40120149"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029674235","display_name":"Anthony Lo","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1306339040","display_name":"Ericsson (Sweden)","ror":"https://ror.org/05a7rhx54","country_code":"SE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1306339040"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL","SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"A. Lo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ericsson Euro-Lab working on UMTS/HSDPA, Delft University of Technology","[Ericsson Euro-Lab working on UMTS/HSDPA, Delft University of Technology]"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ericsson Euro-Lab working on UMTS/HSDPA, Delft University of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1306339040","https://openalex.org/I98358874"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[Ericsson Euro-Lab working on UMTS/HSDPA, Delft University of Technology]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":11.5402,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":71,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98488362,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"51","issue":"1","first_page":"34","last_page":"41"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11504","display_name":"Advanced Authentication Protocols Security","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11498","display_name":"Security in Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7605293989181519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multicast","display_name":"Multicast","score":0.7496129274368286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/authentication","display_name":"Authentication (law)","score":0.650911808013916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.5863956212997437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key-management","display_name":"Key management","score":0.557245135307312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.5240576267242432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unicast","display_name":"Unicast","score":0.5157299637794495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.5051825642585754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/situation-awareness","display_name":"Situation awareness","score":0.4886639416217804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-grid","display_name":"Smart grid","score":0.42579641938209534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.22599726915359497}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7605293989181519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32295351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899288","display_name":"Multicast","level":2,"score":0.7496129274368286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148417208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4825882","display_name":"Authentication (law)","level":2,"score":0.650911808013916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.5863956212997437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17886624","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1320561","display_name":"Key management","level":3,"score":0.557245135307312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.5240576267242432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11704745","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q918337","display_name":"Unicast","level":3,"score":0.5157299637794495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.5051825642585754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145804949","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q478123","display_name":"Situation awareness","level":2,"score":0.4886639416217804},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10558101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q689855","display_name":"Smart grid","level":2,"score":0.42579641938209534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.22599726915359497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/mcom.2013.6400436","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.2013.6400436","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S158797327","display_name":"IEEE Communications Magazine","issn_l":"0163-6804","issn":["0163-6804","1558-1896"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Magazine","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.7200000286102295,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332178","display_name":"National Institute of Standards and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xpvk416"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1968995061","https://openalex.org/W1974303722","https://openalex.org/W1997596059","https://openalex.org/W2048318880","https://openalex.org/W2069836575","https://openalex.org/W2158307590","https://openalex.org/W2168124299","https://openalex.org/W2621932216","https://openalex.org/W2726810975"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2141226803","https://openalex.org/W1972955796","https://openalex.org/W2978800595","https://openalex.org/W2219910205","https://openalex.org/W1966768284","https://openalex.org/W1541857863","https://openalex.org/W207048982","https://openalex.org/W2026651734","https://openalex.org/W2385427787","https://openalex.org/W2028287290"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"wide-area":[1],"measurement":[2],"system":[3,7,30],"(WAMS)":[4],"is":[5,106,143,183],"a":[6,10,17,32,63,69,113,147],"that":[8,141,161],"provides":[9,163],"time-synchronized":[11],"view":[12],"of":[13,26,31,72,150,156,178,187],"electrical":[14],"conditions":[15],"over":[16],"large":[18],"geographical":[19],"area,":[20],"thereby":[21],"enhancing":[22],"the":[23,27,100,104,171,176],"situational":[24,38],"awareness":[25],"energy":[28],"management":[29,61,66],"power":[33,124],"grid.":[34],"With":[35],"this":[36],"enhanced":[37],"awareness,":[39],"utilities":[40],"would":[41],"be":[42],"able":[43],"to":[44,47],"react":[45],"promptly":[46],"contingencies,":[48],"and":[49,108,128,131,145,158,168],"prevent":[50],"large-scale":[51],"blackouts.":[52],"To":[53],"secure":[54],"WAMS":[55,59],"communications,":[56],"we":[57,98],"propose":[58,146],"key":[60,65],"(WAKE),":[62],"comprehensive":[64],"scheme":[67,101],"targeting":[68],"concrete":[70],"set":[71],"security":[73,78,83,91,94,173],"objectives":[74,84,95],"derived":[75],"from":[76],"NIST's":[77],"impact":[79],"level":[80,174],"ratings.":[81],"For":[82,93],"involving":[85,96],"unicast,":[86],"WAKE":[87,188],"employs":[88],"industry-":[89],"standard":[90],"protocols.":[92],"multicast,":[97],"show":[99,140],"standardized":[102],"by":[103],"IEC":[105],"inadequate,":[107],"identify":[109],"multicast":[110,119,190],"authentication":[111,120],"as":[112,185],"requirement.":[114],"We":[115,139],"investigate":[116],"two":[117],"recent":[118],"schemes":[121],"designed":[122],"for":[123,170,189],"grid":[125],"communications:":[126],"TV-HORS":[127,157,162,182],"tunable":[129],"signing":[130,167],"verification":[132,169],"(TSV),":[133],"which":[134],"supposedly":[135],"improves":[136],"on":[137],"TV-HORS.":[138],"TSV":[142,151],"vulnerable,":[144],"patched":[148],"version":[149],"called":[152],"TSV+.":[153],"Systematic":[154],"comparison":[155],"TSV+":[159],"shows":[160],"significantly":[164],"more":[165],"efficient":[166],"same":[172],"at":[175],"expense":[177],"signature":[179],"size.":[180],"Consequently,":[181],"chosen":[184],"part":[186],"authentication.":[191]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}