{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2095843437","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.2011.5783993","title":"An introduction to millimeter-wave mobile broadband systems","display_name":"An introduction to millimeter-wave mobile broadband systems","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2095843437","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.2011.5783993","mag":"2095843437"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mcom.2011.5783993","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.2011.5783993","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S158797327","display_name":"IEEE Communications Magazine","issn_l":"0163-6804","issn":["0163-6804","1558-1896"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Magazine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041544358","display_name":"Zhouyue Pi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210101778","display_name":"Samsung (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01bfbvm65","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973","https://openalex.org/I4210101778"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121247","display_name":"Samsung (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/01x29j481","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973","https://openalex.org/I4210121247"]}],"countries":["JP","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhouyue Pi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Samsung Electronics Company Limited, Japan","Samsung R&D Center, Dallas, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Samsung Electronics Company Limited, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210121247"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Samsung R&D Center, Dallas, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101778"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101983784","display_name":"Farooq Khan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4659-1104"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210101778","display_name":"Samsung (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01bfbvm65","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973","https://openalex.org/I4210101778"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121247","display_name":"Samsung (Japan)","ror":"https://ror.org/01x29j481","country_code":"JP","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973","https://openalex.org/I4210121247"]}],"countries":["JP","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Farooq Khan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Samsung Electronics Company Limited, Japan","Samsung R&D Center, Dallas, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Samsung Electronics Company Limited, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210121247"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Samsung R&D Center, Dallas, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210101778"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":47.2949,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2626,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99912712,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"49","issue":"6","first_page":"101","last_page":"107"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10262","display_name":"Microwave Engineering and Waveguides","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.827664315700531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-broadband","display_name":"Mobile broadband","score":0.6464281678199768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/backhaul","display_name":"Backhaul (telecommunications)","score":0.6316777467727661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gigabit","display_name":"Gigabit","score":0.6214892864227295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.566224217414856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-telephony","display_name":"Mobile telephony","score":0.5448787212371826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/broadband","display_name":"Broadband","score":0.517210841178894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/imt-advanced","display_name":"IMT Advanced","score":0.5130106806755066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-station","display_name":"Mobile station","score":0.5129342079162598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/broadband-networks","display_name":"Broadband networks","score":0.5043700933456421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-broadband","display_name":"Wireless broadband","score":0.48605993390083313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.4792866110801697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extremely-high-frequency","display_name":"Extremely high frequency","score":0.4775446355342865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.4532831311225891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-computing","display_name":"Mobile computing","score":0.44506901502609253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.41294947266578674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.3967175781726837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-radio","display_name":"Mobile radio","score":0.323769211769104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-network","display_name":"Wireless network","score":0.29474377632141113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-web","display_name":"Mobile Web","score":0.2934790253639221}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.827664315700531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78834623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q640394","display_name":"Mobile broadband","level":3,"score":0.6464281678199768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103760667","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q798444","display_name":"Backhaul (telecommunications)","level":3,"score":0.6316777467727661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21922175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3105497","display_name":"Gigabit","level":2,"score":0.6214892864227295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.566224217414856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95491727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q992968","display_name":"Mobile telephony","level":3,"score":0.5448787212371826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509933004","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194163","display_name":"Broadband","level":2,"score":0.517210841178894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68108699","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q556242","display_name":"IMT Advanced","level":5,"score":0.5130106806755066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207029474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q384018","display_name":"Mobile station","level":3,"score":0.5129342079162598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125599584","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15057100","display_name":"Broadband networks","level":3,"score":0.5043700933456421},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85608190","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q922050","display_name":"Wireless broadband","level":4,"score":0.48605993390083313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.4792866110801697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45764600","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q570342","display_name":"Extremely high frequency","level":2,"score":0.4775446355342865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.4532831311225891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144543869","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2738570","display_name":"Mobile computing","level":2,"score":0.44506901502609253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.41294947266578674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3967175781726837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781307350","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6887221","display_name":"Mobile radio","level":2,"score":0.323769211769104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108037233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11375","display_name":"Wireless network","level":3,"score":0.29474377632141113},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C516764902","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1043805","display_name":"Mobile Web","level":4,"score":0.2934790253639221}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/mcom.2011.5783993","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.2011.5783993","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S158797327","display_name":"IEEE Communications Magazine","issn_l":"0163-6804","issn":["0163-6804","1558-1896"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Magazine","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.7799999713897705}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332195","display_name":"Samsung","ror":"https://ror.org/04w3jy968"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W639097674","https://openalex.org/W1833386361","https://openalex.org/W1980460888","https://openalex.org/W2082015819","https://openalex.org/W2102736302","https://openalex.org/W2112913030","https://openalex.org/W2135517533","https://openalex.org/W2157977389","https://openalex.org/W2985849463","https://openalex.org/W4229594554","https://openalex.org/W4254683336","https://openalex.org/W6638727506","https://openalex.org/W6677007129"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2037874264","https://openalex.org/W2185115239","https://openalex.org/W2099833804","https://openalex.org/W2020127580","https://openalex.org/W1994580599","https://openalex.org/W2384408797","https://openalex.org/W1023829778","https://openalex.org/W2181934958","https://openalex.org/W2361708618","https://openalex.org/W2183026718"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Almost":[0],"all":[1],"mobile":[2,33,54,60,69,93],"communication":[3,70],"systems":[4],"today":[5],"use":[6],"spectrum":[7,31],"in":[8,90,99],"the":[9,21,28,74,105,129,133],"range":[10],"of":[11,132],"300":[12],"MHz-3":[13],"GHz.":[14],"In":[15],"this":[16,45],"article,":[17],"we":[18],"reason":[19],"why":[20],"wireless":[22],"community":[23],"should":[24],"start":[25],"looking":[26],"at":[27,83],"3-300":[29],"GHz":[30],"for":[32,53,76],"broadband":[34,61],"applications.":[35],"We":[36,56,72,123],"discuss":[37,125],"propagation":[38],"and":[39,114,128],"device":[40],"technology":[41],"challenges":[42],"associated":[43],"with":[44],"band":[46],"as":[47,49,64,104],"well":[48],"its":[50],"unique":[51],"advantages":[52],"communication.":[55],"introduce":[57],"a":[58,65,84,115],"millimeter-wave":[59],"(MMB)":[62],"system":[63,120],"candidate":[66],"next":[67],"generation":[68],"system.":[71],"demonstrate":[73],"feasibility":[75],"MMB":[77,100,106,110,117,134],"to":[78,87],"achieve":[79],"gigabit-per-second":[80],"data":[81],"rates":[82],"distance":[85],"up":[86],"1":[88],"km":[89],"an":[91],"urban":[92],"environment.":[94],"A":[95],"few":[96],"key":[97],"concepts":[98],"network":[101],"architecture":[102],"such":[103],"base":[107],"station":[108],"grid,":[109],"interBS":[111],"backhaul":[112],"link,":[113],"hybrid":[116],"+":[118],"4G":[119],"are":[121],"described.":[122],"also":[124],"beamforming":[126],"techniques":[127],"frame":[130],"structure":[131],"air":[135],"interface.":[136]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":78},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":116},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":154},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":195},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":222},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":244},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":288},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":317},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":310},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":272},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":198},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":127},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":53},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":20}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}