{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2133249533","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.2010.5496878","title":"Coherent 100 Gb/s PM-QPSK field trial","display_name":"Coherent 100 Gb/s PM-QPSK field trial","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2133249533","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.2010.5496878","mag":"2133249533"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mcom.2010.5496878","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.2010.5496878","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S158797327","display_name":"IEEE Communications Magazine","issn_l":"0163-6804","issn":["0163-6804","1558-1896"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Magazine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109472105","display_name":"Martin Birk","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283103587","display_name":"AT&T (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02bbd5539","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283103587"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Martin Birk","raw_affiliation_strings":["AT and T Laboratories, USA","AT&T-Labs"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"AT and T Laboratories, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283103587"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"AT&T-Labs","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283103587"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005099120","display_name":"P. Gerard","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283103587","display_name":"AT&T (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02bbd5539","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283103587"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Philip Gerard","raw_affiliation_strings":["AT and T Laboratories, USA","AT&T-Labs"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"AT and T Laboratories, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283103587"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"AT&T-Labs","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283103587"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006474672","display_name":"R. T. Curto","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283103587","display_name":"AT&T (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02bbd5539","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283103587"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert Curto","raw_affiliation_strings":["AT and T Laboratories, USA","AT&T-Labs"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"AT and T Laboratories, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283103587"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"AT&T-Labs","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283103587"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111979657","display_name":"L.E. Nelson","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283103587","display_name":"AT&T (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02bbd5539","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283103587"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lynn Nelson","raw_affiliation_strings":["AT and T Laboratories, USA","AT&T-Labs"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"AT and T Laboratories, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283103587"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"AT&T-Labs","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283103587"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083530677","display_name":"Xiang Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0110-5720"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283103587","display_name":"AT&T (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02bbd5539","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283103587"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiang Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["AT and T Laboratories, USA","AT&T-Labs"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"AT and T Laboratories, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283103587"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"AT&T-Labs","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283103587"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111476192","display_name":"Peter Magill","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1283103587","display_name":"AT&T (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02bbd5539","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1283103587"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peter Magill","raw_affiliation_strings":["AT and T Laboratories, USA","AT&T-Labs"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"AT and T Laboratories, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283103587"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"AT&T-Labs","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283103587"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109922629","display_name":"T. J. Schmidt","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Theodore J Schmidt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Opnext Subsystems, USA","Opnext Subsystems#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Opnext Subsystems, USA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Opnext Subsystems#TAB#","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062900531","display_name":"Christian Malouin","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christian Malouin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Opnext Subsystems, USA","Opnext Subsystems#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Opnext Subsystems, USA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Opnext Subsystems#TAB#","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100335181","display_name":"Bo Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6518-3600"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bo Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Opnext Subsystems, USA","Opnext Subsystems#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Opnext Subsystems, USA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Opnext Subsystems#TAB#","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084495767","display_name":"E. Ibragimov","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Edem Ibragimov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Opnext Subsystems, USA","Opnext Subsystems#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Opnext Subsystems, USA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Opnext Subsystems#TAB#","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017350387","display_name":"Sunil Khatana","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sunil Khatana","raw_affiliation_strings":["Opnext Subsystems, USA","Opnext Subsystems#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Opnext Subsystems, USA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Opnext Subsystems#TAB#","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021671971","display_name":"M. Glavanovic","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mirko Glavanovic","raw_affiliation_strings":["Opnext Subsystems, USA","Opnext Subsystems#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Opnext Subsystems, USA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Opnext Subsystems#TAB#","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030691324","display_name":"Rob Lofland","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rob Lofland","raw_affiliation_strings":["Opnext Subsystems, USA","Opnext Subsystems#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Opnext Subsystems, USA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Opnext Subsystems#TAB#","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057800558","display_name":"Roberto Marcoccia","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Roberto Marcoccia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Opnext Subsystems, USA","Opnext Subsystems#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Opnext Subsystems, USA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Opnext Subsystems#TAB#","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051936799","display_name":"Ross Saunders","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ross Saunders","raw_affiliation_strings":["Opnext Subsystems, USA","Opnext Subsystems#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Opnext Subsystems, USA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Opnext Subsystems#TAB#","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043315443","display_name":"G. Nicholl","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135428043","display_name":"Cisco Systems (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03yt1ez60","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135428043"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gary Nicholl","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cisco Systems, Inc., Singapore","CISCO Systems, Inc"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cisco Systems, Inc., Singapore","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"CISCO Systems, Inc","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135428043"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040301413","display_name":"M.C. Nowell","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135428043","display_name":"Cisco Systems (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03yt1ez60","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135428043"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mark Nowell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cisco Systems, Inc., Singapore","CISCO Systems, Inc"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cisco Systems, Inc., Singapore","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"CISCO Systems, Inc","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135428043"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5105529797","display_name":"F. Forghieri","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135428043","display_name":"Cisco Systems (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03yt1ez60","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135428043"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fabrizio Forghieri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Cisco Systems, Inc., Singapore","CISCO Systems, Inc"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Cisco Systems, Inc., Singapore","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"CISCO Systems, Inc","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135428043"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":18,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5109472105"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1283103587"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.4231,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":31,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94749003,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"48","issue":"7","first_page":"52","last_page":"60"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10232","display_name":"Optical Network Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10232","display_name":"Optical Network Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10847","display_name":"Advanced Optical Network Technologies","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10767","display_name":"Advanced Photonic Communication Systems","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiplexer","display_name":"Multiplexer","score":0.683752179145813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6147531867027283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transponder","display_name":"Transponder (aeronautics)","score":0.5884600877761841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-shift-keying","display_name":"Phase-shift keying","score":0.5589320063591003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ethernet","display_name":"Ethernet","score":0.5565640926361084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.473768025636673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wavelength-division-multiplexing","display_name":"Wavelength-division multiplexing","score":0.4730973541736603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upgrade","display_name":"Upgrade","score":0.4649777412414551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-carrier-transmission-rates","display_name":"Optical Carrier transmission rates","score":0.4630240499973297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiplexing","display_name":"Multiplexing","score":0.45947661995887756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/narrowband","display_name":"Narrowband","score":0.42657166719436646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/passive-optical-network","display_name":"Passive optical network","score":0.42455852031707764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/forward-error-correction","display_name":"Forward error correction","score":0.41032886505126953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3957271873950958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.36816340684890747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.307888388633728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-fiber","display_name":"Optical fiber","score":0.30428773164749146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bit-error-rate","display_name":"Bit error rate","score":0.2929620146751404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.23378989100456238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.22912448644638062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.19986683130264282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.1697680950164795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wavelength","display_name":"Wavelength","score":0.15605902671813965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-over-fiber","display_name":"Radio over fiber","score":0.11798542737960815}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C70970002","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189434","display_name":"Multiplexer","level":3,"score":0.683752179145813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6147531867027283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117920542","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1332920","display_name":"Transponder (aeronautics)","level":2,"score":0.5884600877761841},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186378180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4874866","display_name":"Phase-shift keying","level":4,"score":0.5589320063591003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172173386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79984","display_name":"Ethernet","level":2,"score":0.5565640926361084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.473768025636673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160724564","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1620670","display_name":"Wavelength-division multiplexing","level":3,"score":0.4730973541736603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780615140","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q920419","display_name":"Upgrade","level":2,"score":0.4649777412414551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121629672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3354451","display_name":"Optical Carrier transmission rates","level":4,"score":0.4630240499973297},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19275194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q222903","display_name":"Multiplexing","level":2,"score":0.45947661995887756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776096036","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1140483","display_name":"Narrowband","level":2,"score":0.42657166719436646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204827203","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1027795","display_name":"Passive optical network","level":4,"score":0.42455852031707764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202932441","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55611017","display_name":"Forward error correction","level":3,"score":0.41032886505126953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3957271873950958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.36816340684890747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.307888388633728},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194232370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162","display_name":"Optical fiber","level":2,"score":0.30428773164749146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56296756","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840922","display_name":"Bit error rate","level":3,"score":0.2929620146751404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.23378989100456238},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.22912448644638062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.19986683130264282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.1697680950164795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6260449","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41364","display_name":"Wavelength","level":2,"score":0.15605902671813965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780113332","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16045086","display_name":"Radio over fiber","level":3,"score":0.11798542737960815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/mcom.2010.5496878","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.2010.5496878","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S158797327","display_name":"IEEE Communications Magazine","issn_l":"0163-6804","issn":["0163-6804","1558-1896"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Magazine","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.6299999952316284,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1995131021","https://openalex.org/W2066170019","https://openalex.org/W2067384366","https://openalex.org/W2083245612","https://openalex.org/W2123952224","https://openalex.org/W2137705579","https://openalex.org/W2141426517","https://openalex.org/W2146347351","https://openalex.org/W2163919621","https://openalex.org/W2170439548","https://openalex.org/W6667017901","https://openalex.org/W6667066824"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1556825762","https://openalex.org/W4323268213","https://openalex.org/W3152808161","https://openalex.org/W4242128654","https://openalex.org/W4206491743","https://openalex.org/W4233887648","https://openalex.org/W3094785574","https://openalex.org/W2752582769","https://openalex.org/W1565268499","https://openalex.org/W2139732286"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"development":[1],"of":[2,14,83,130,152,158],"100":[3,50,59,91,131],"Gb/s":[4,51,60,67,87,92,132],"transponder":[5],"technology":[6,154],"is":[7],"progressing":[8],"rapidly":[9],"to":[10,57,90,134,140],"meet":[11],"the":[12,26,42,81,128,150,156],"needs":[13],"next-generation":[15],"optical/IP":[16],"carrier":[17,97],"networks.":[18],"Video-driven":[19],"IP":[20,33],"traffic":[21],"growth":[22],"continues":[23],"together":[24],"with":[25],"need":[27],"for":[28,44,110],"ever":[29],"higher-speed":[30],"ports":[31],"on":[32],"routers,":[34],"Ethernet":[35],"switches,":[36],"and":[37,47,73,123,145,162],"OTN":[38],"cross-connects,":[39],"thus":[40],"driving":[41],"requirements":[43],"cost-effective":[45],"client":[46],"line":[48],"side":[49],"transponders.":[52],"For":[53],"a":[54,94],"short":[55],"time":[56],"market,":[58],"transponders":[61],"should":[62],"be":[63],"deployable":[64],"using":[65,93],"10":[66,86],"link-engineering":[68],"rules":[69],"over":[70,119,155],"existing":[71,164],"fiber":[72,141,160],"DWDM":[74],"infrastructure.":[75],"In":[76],"this":[77,153],"article":[78],"we":[79],"describe":[80],"upgrade":[82],"an":[84],"installed":[85,120,136,159],"field":[88],"system":[89],"real-time":[95],"single":[96],"coherent":[98],"100G":[99],"polarization":[100,142],"multiplexed":[101],"quadrature":[102],"phase":[103],"shift":[104],"keyed":[105],"(PM-QPSK)":[106],"channel.":[107],"Performance":[108],"sufficient":[109],"error-free":[111],"operation":[112],"after":[113],"forward":[114],"error":[115],"correction":[116],"was":[117],"achieved":[118],"900":[121],"km":[122,125],"1800":[124],"links,":[126],"proving":[127],"viability":[129],"upgrades":[133],"most":[135],"systems.":[137],"Excellent":[138],"tolerance":[139],"mode":[143],"dispersion":[144],"narrowband":[146],"optical":[147,168],"filtering":[148],"demonstrates":[149],"applicability":[151],"majority":[157],"plant":[161],"through":[163],"50":[165],"GHz":[166],"reconfigurable":[167],"add/drop":[169],"multiplexers.":[170]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-04-02T15:55:50.835912","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}