{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2077162267","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.2009.4804385","title":"Photonic integration for high-volume, low-cost applications","display_name":"Photonic integration for high-volume, low-cost applications","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2077162267","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.2009.4804385","mag":"2077162267"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mcom.2009.4804385","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.2009.4804385","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S158797327","display_name":"IEEE Communications Magazine","issn_l":"0163-6804","issn":["0163-6804","1558-1896"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Magazine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042465152","display_name":"Chris Cole","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6647-0847"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I908609501","display_name":"Finisar (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01jqh6j63","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I908609501"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"C. Cole","raw_affiliation_strings":["Finisar Corporation, USA","Finisar Corporation, Sunnyvale,CA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Finisar Corporation, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I908609501"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Finisar Corporation, Sunnyvale,CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I908609501"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009039245","display_name":"Bernd Huebner","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I908609501","display_name":"Finisar (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01jqh6j63","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I908609501"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"B. Huebner","raw_affiliation_strings":["Finisar Corporation, USA","Finisar Corporation, Sunnyvale,CA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Finisar Corporation, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I908609501"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Finisar Corporation, Sunnyvale,CA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I908609501"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025009865","display_name":"J.E. Johnson","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210107239","display_name":"CyberOptics (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01j0mz257","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210107239"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"J. Johnson","raw_affiliation_strings":["CyOptics, Inc., Breinigsville, PA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CyOptics, Inc., Breinigsville, PA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210107239"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5042465152"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I908609501"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.9908,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":27,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91231697,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"47","issue":"3","first_page":"S16","last_page":"S22"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10232","display_name":"Optical Network Technologies","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10232","display_name":"Optical Network Technologies","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10767","display_name":"Advanced Photonic Communication Systems","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10847","display_name":"Advanced Optical Network Technologies","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.725839376449585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ethernet","display_name":"Ethernet","score":0.6572608947753906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photonics","display_name":"Photonics","score":0.6493736505508423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transceiver","display_name":"Transceiver","score":0.5606397986412048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photonic-integrated-circuit","display_name":"Photonic integrated circuit","score":0.533400297164917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.49176815152168274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/throughput","display_name":"Throughput","score":0.42206770181655884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.2714863121509552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2647171914577484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.16515213251113892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.12703466415405273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.11846739053726196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.11383983492851257}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.725839376449585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172173386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79984","display_name":"Ethernet","level":2,"score":0.6572608947753906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C20788544","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q467054","display_name":"Photonics","level":2,"score":0.6493736505508423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7720470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q954187","display_name":"Transceiver","level":3,"score":0.5606397986412048},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22799297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q523846","display_name":"Photonic integrated circuit","level":3,"score":0.533400297164917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.49176815152168274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157764524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383412","display_name":"Throughput","level":3,"score":0.42206770181655884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.2714863121509552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2647171914577484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.16515213251113892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.12703466415405273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.11846739053726196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.11383983492851257}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/mcom.2009.4804385","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.2009.4804385","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S158797327","display_name":"IEEE Communications Magazine","issn_l":"0163-6804","issn":["0163-6804","1558-1896"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Magazine","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4300000071525574,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1883412848","https://openalex.org/W1978690715","https://openalex.org/W2097299988","https://openalex.org/W2101636540","https://openalex.org/W2110951325","https://openalex.org/W2118696292","https://openalex.org/W2152342432","https://openalex.org/W2161090865","https://openalex.org/W2168972356","https://openalex.org/W6639285034"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2025986289","https://openalex.org/W1496657403","https://openalex.org/W4324323367","https://openalex.org/W3134912911","https://openalex.org/W2553065823","https://openalex.org/W2555457148","https://openalex.org/W4327696233","https://openalex.org/W2289224844","https://openalex.org/W2989002220","https://openalex.org/W4286315313"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0],"date,":[1],"photonic":[2,74,83],"integration":[3],"has":[4],"seen":[5],"only":[6],"limited":[7],"use":[8,43],"in":[9,55],"a":[10,70],"few":[11],"optical":[12],"interface":[13],"applications.":[14],"The":[15],"recently":[16],"adopted":[17],"IEEE":[18,96],"draft":[19],"standards":[20],"for":[21,52,73],"40":[22,61],"Gb/s":[23,26,62,65],"and":[24,58,63,81],"100":[25,64],"Ethernet":[27],"single-mode":[28],"fiber":[29],"local":[30],"area":[31],"network":[32],"applications":[33],"will":[34,42,67],"change":[35],"this":[36],"situation.":[37],"Although":[38],"first":[39],"generation":[40],"implementations":[41],"discrete":[44],"components":[45],"based":[46],"on":[47],"existing":[48],"technologies,":[49],"long-term":[50],"requirements":[51,92],"significant":[53],"reduction":[54],"cost,":[56],"size,":[57],"power":[59],"of":[60,93],"transceivers":[66],"lead":[68],"to":[69],"broad":[71],"demand":[72],"integration.":[75],"Both":[76],"hybrid":[77],"planar":[78],"lightguide":[79],"circuit":[80,85],"monolithic":[82],"integrated":[84],"are":[86],"feasible":[87],"approaches":[88],"that":[89],"meet":[90],"the":[91,94],"new":[95],"standards.":[97]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
