{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2159179663","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.2009.4785388","title":"Cooperative relay to improve diversity in cognitive radio networks","display_name":"Cooperative relay to improve diversity in cognitive radio networks","publication_year":2009,"publication_date":"2009-02-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2159179663","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.2009.4785388","mag":"2159179663"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mcom.2009.4785388","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.2009.4785388","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S158797327","display_name":"IEEE Communications Magazine","issn_l":"0163-6804","issn":["0163-6804","1558-1896"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Magazine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114378267","display_name":"Qian Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9205-1881"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","display_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q4vv597","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Qian Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031306843","display_name":"Juncheng Jia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8276-7640"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","display_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q4vv597","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Juncheng Jia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100405949","display_name":"Jin Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2674-0918"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","display_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q4vv597","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jin Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5114378267"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":53.2946,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":410,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99937283,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"47","issue":"2","first_page":"111","last_page":"117"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10796","display_name":"Cooperative Communication and Network Coding","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10796","display_name":"Cooperative Communication and Network Coding","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10579","display_name":"Cognitive Radio Networks and Spectrum Sensing","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-radio","display_name":"Cognitive radio","score":0.8870773315429688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relay","display_name":"Relay","score":0.8179051876068115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.799533486366272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.7690112590789795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cooperative-diversity","display_name":"Cooperative diversity","score":0.7101134061813354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/node","display_name":"Node (physics)","score":0.5749325156211853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.5164556503295898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.4866519570350647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/throughput","display_name":"Throughput","score":0.4755820035934448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna-diversity","display_name":"Antenna diversity","score":0.46570900082588196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.4326932430267334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/testbed","display_name":"Testbed","score":0.42034003138542175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-network","display_name":"Wireless network","score":0.41563594341278076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.09475019574165344}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149946192","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3235733","display_name":"Cognitive radio","level":3,"score":0.8870773315429688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778156585","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174053","display_name":"Relay","level":3,"score":0.8179051876068115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.799533486366272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.7690112590789795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6832461","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5167914","display_name":"Cooperative diversity","level":4,"score":0.7101134061813354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62611344","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1062658","display_name":"Node (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5749325156211853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.5164556503295898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.4866519570350647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157764524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383412","display_name":"Throughput","level":3,"score":0.4755820035934448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60069766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q357054","display_name":"Antenna diversity","level":3,"score":0.46570900082588196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.4326932430267334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31395832","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1318674","display_name":"Testbed","level":2,"score":0.42034003138542175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108037233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11375","display_name":"Wireless network","level":3,"score":0.41563594341278076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.09475019574165344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/mcom.2009.4785388","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.2009.4785388","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S158797327","display_name":"IEEE Communications Magazine","issn_l":"0163-6804","issn":["0163-6804","1558-1896"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Magazine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.hkust.edu.hk:1783.1-6582","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://repository.hkust.edu.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-6582","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401796","display_name":"Rare & Special e-Zone (The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","host_organization_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":18,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1601490018","https://openalex.org/W1969247449","https://openalex.org/W2048272888","https://openalex.org/W2105505384","https://openalex.org/W2111678440","https://openalex.org/W2118699182","https://openalex.org/W2118702395","https://openalex.org/W2122904300","https://openalex.org/W2127645316","https://openalex.org/W2130403046","https://openalex.org/W2141704978","https://openalex.org/W2146456549","https://openalex.org/W2153344215","https://openalex.org/W2168078104","https://openalex.org/W2354005007","https://openalex.org/W2610335499","https://openalex.org/W2799097244","https://openalex.org/W3203748497"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1968709058","https://openalex.org/W2131665415","https://openalex.org/W2363618716","https://openalex.org/W2136810841","https://openalex.org/W1722995155","https://openalex.org/W2151944195","https://openalex.org/W2956154091","https://openalex.org/W1974609546","https://openalex.org/W2381291166","https://openalex.org/W4018745"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Recent":[0],"studies":[1],"demonstrated":[2],"that":[3,22,212],"dynamic":[4],"spectrum":[5,9,21,38,46,118,180],"access":[6],"can":[7],"improve":[8,107,117,152],"utilization":[10,39],"significantly":[11],"by":[12,26,40,98,222],"allowing":[13],"secondary":[14,99,104,114],"unlicensed":[15],"users":[16],"to":[17,35,91,106,116,151],"dynamically":[18],"share":[19],"the":[20,27,37,43,84,121,148,153,156,159,162,174,184,213,216,224],"is":[23,52,123,145,219],"not":[24],"used":[25],"primary":[28,96],"licensed":[29],"users.":[30],"Cognitive":[31],"radio":[32,72,206],"was":[33,198],"proposed":[34,199],"promote":[36],"opportunistically":[41],"exploiting":[42,223],"existence":[44],"of":[45,67,83,95,164,188,215,226],"\"holes.\"":[47],"Meanwhile,":[48],"cooperative":[49,88,93,101,111,165,189,227],"relay":[50,89,112,149,177,190],"technology":[51,58,90],"regarded":[53],"widely":[54],"as":[55,147],"a":[56,80,124,137,142,194,203],"key":[57],"for":[59,176,191],"increasing":[60],"transmission":[61,94,102],"diversity":[62],"gain":[63],"in":[64,127,202],"various":[65],"types":[66],"wireless":[68,139],"networks,":[69],"including":[70],"cognitive":[71,192],"networks.":[73],"In":[74],"this":[75,128,133],"article,":[76],"we":[77,130],"first":[78],"give":[79],"brief":[81],"overview":[82],"envisioned":[85],"applications":[86],"of:":[87],"CRNs,":[92],"traffic":[97],"users,":[100],"between":[103,113,155],"nodes":[105,115],"spatial":[108],"diversity,":[109],"and":[110,135,158,179,186,200],"diversity.":[119],"As":[120],"latter":[122],"new":[125,195],"direction,":[126],"article":[129],"focus":[131],"on":[132],"scenario":[134],"investigate":[136],"simple":[138],"network,":[140],"where":[141],"spectrum-rich":[143],"node":[144,150],"selected":[146],"performance":[154,187],"source":[157],"destination.":[160],"With":[161],"introduction":[163],"relay,":[166],"many":[167],"unique":[168],"problems":[169],"should":[170],"be":[171],"considered,":[172],"especially":[173],"issue":[175],"selection":[178],"allocation.":[181],"To":[182],"demonstrate":[183],"feasibility":[185],"radio,":[193],"MAC":[196],"protocol":[197],"implemented":[201],"universal":[204],"software":[205],"peripheral-based":[207],"testbed.":[208],"Experimental":[209],"results":[210],"show":[211],"throughput":[214],"whole":[217],"system":[218],"greatly":[220],"increased":[221],"benefit":[225],"relay.":[228]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":41},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":43},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":51},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":49},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":59}],"updated_date":"2026-04-05T17:49:38.594831","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}