{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2049468127","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.2008.4481339","title":"A survey on spectrum management in cognitive radio networks","display_name":"A survey on spectrum management in cognitive radio networks","publication_year":2008,"publication_date":"2008-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2049468127","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.2008.4481339","mag":"2049468127"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mcom.2008.4481339","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.2008.4481339","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S158797327","display_name":"IEEE Communications Magazine","issn_l":"0163-6804","issn":["0163-6804","1558-1896"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Magazine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044396726","display_name":"Ian F. Akyildiz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8099-3529"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"I.F. Akyildiz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Georgia Institute of Technology","Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Georgia Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031182174","display_name":"Won-Yeol Lee","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Won-Yeol Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Georgia Institute of Technology","Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Georgia Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059212413","display_name":"Mehmet C. Vuran","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7894-6611"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"M.C. Vuran","raw_affiliation_strings":["Georgia Institute of Technology","Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Georgia Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074985009","display_name":"S. Mohanty","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. Mohanty","raw_affiliation_strings":["Georgia Institute of Technology","Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta#TAB#"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Georgia Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta#TAB#","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5044396726"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":122.749,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1697,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99982509,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"46","issue":"4","first_page":"40","last_page":"48"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10579","display_name":"Cognitive Radio Networks and Spectrum Sensing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10579","display_name":"Cognitive Radio Networks and Spectrum Sensing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10575","display_name":"Wireless Communication Networks Research","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-radio","display_name":"Cognitive radio","score":0.9125456213951111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7859065532684326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.6702414155006409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectrum-management","display_name":"Spectrum management","score":0.5848376750946045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-network","display_name":"Cognitive network","score":0.5595250725746155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-network","display_name":"Wireless network","score":0.559339165687561},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.5480062365531921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality-of-service","display_name":"Quality of service","score":0.5183730721473694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.5045908689498901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-resource-management","display_name":"Radio resource management","score":0.4817502498626709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.4672413170337677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-spectrum","display_name":"Radio spectrum","score":0.43104150891304016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/open-research","display_name":"Open research","score":0.4228134751319885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.1034921407699585}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149946192","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3235733","display_name":"Cognitive radio","level":3,"score":0.9125456213951111},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7859065532684326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.6702414155006409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63029442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6504978","display_name":"Spectrum management","level":4,"score":0.5848376750946045},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32542511","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5141225","display_name":"Cognitive network","level":4,"score":0.5595250725746155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108037233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11375","display_name":"Wireless network","level":3,"score":0.559339165687561},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5480062365531921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5119721","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220501","display_name":"Quality of service","level":2,"score":0.5183730721473694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.5045908689498901},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182448111","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7281197","display_name":"Radio resource management","level":4,"score":0.4817502498626709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.4672413170337677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92545706","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q902174","display_name":"Radio spectrum","level":2,"score":0.43104150891304016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778464652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309849","display_name":"Open research","level":2,"score":0.4228134751319885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.1034921407699585}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/mcom.2008.4481339","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.2008.4481339","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S158797327","display_name":"IEEE Communications Magazine","issn_l":"0163-6804","issn":["0163-6804","1558-1896"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Magazine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:digitalcommons.unl.edu:csearticles-1093","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/csearticles/87","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306513441","display_name":"Insecta mundi","issn_l":"0749-6737","issn":["0749-6737","1942-1354","1942-1362"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310316217","host_organization_name":"Center for Systematic Entomology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310316217"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Center for Systematic Entomology"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"School of Computing: Faculty Publications","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1488443448","https://openalex.org/W1570822527","https://openalex.org/W1596359805","https://openalex.org/W2071707134","https://openalex.org/W2098432861","https://openalex.org/W2119109694","https://openalex.org/W2127040151","https://openalex.org/W2133952924","https://openalex.org/W2136894269","https://openalex.org/W2142819538","https://openalex.org/W2144369278","https://openalex.org/W2160090443","https://openalex.org/W2170524206","https://openalex.org/W2170991283"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1801728885","https://openalex.org/W2483502620","https://openalex.org/W2236567279","https://openalex.org/W212165138","https://openalex.org/W2613603939","https://openalex.org/W2160684633","https://openalex.org/W1523348749","https://openalex.org/W2545213287","https://openalex.org/W2166401611","https://openalex.org/W2900546718"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Cognitive":[0],"radio":[1,106],"networks":[2,21,92],"will":[3],"provide":[4,59],"high":[5],"bandwidth":[6],"to":[7,25],"mobile":[8],"users":[9],"via":[10],"heterogeneous":[11],"wireless":[12],"architectures":[13],"and":[14,71,107,129],"dynamic":[15],"spectrum":[16,76,119,123,125,127,130],"access":[17],"techniques.":[18],"However,":[19],"CR":[20,64,79,91,109],"impose":[22],"challenges":[23,49,117],"due":[24],"the":[26,30,36,51,83,88,108],"fluctuating":[27],"nature":[28],"of":[29,40,53,63,90,97,104,118],"available":[31],"spectrum,":[32],"as":[33,35],"well":[34],"diverse":[37],"QoS":[38],"requirements":[39],"various":[41],"applications.":[42],"Spectrum":[43],"management":[44,77,120],"functions":[45],"can":[46],"address":[47],"these":[48],"for":[50],"realization":[52],"this":[54,66],"new":[55],"network":[56,110],"paradigm.":[57],"To":[58],"a":[60,101],"better":[61],"understanding":[62],"networks,":[65],"article":[67],"presents":[68],"recent":[69],"developments":[70],"open":[72],"research":[73],"issues":[74],"in":[75,78],"networks.":[80,99],"More":[81],"specifically,":[82],"discussion":[84],"is":[85,112],"focused":[86],"on":[87],"development":[89],"that":[93],"require":[94],"no":[95],"modification":[96],"existing":[98],"First,":[100],"brief":[102],"overview":[103],"cognitive":[105],"architecture":[111],"provided.":[113],"Then":[114],"four":[115],"main":[116],"are":[121],"discussed:":[122],"sensing,":[124],"decision,":[126],"sharing,":[128],"mobility.":[131]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":33},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":37},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":43},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":70},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":91},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":82},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":136},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":139},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":144},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":122},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":168},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":138},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":150}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}