{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2138558362","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.2004.1341274","title":"At what layer does mobility belong?","display_name":"At what layer does mobility belong?","publication_year":2004,"publication_date":"2004-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2138558362","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.2004.1341274","mag":"2138558362"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mcom.2004.1341274","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.2004.1341274","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S158797327","display_name":"IEEE Communications Magazine","issn_l":"0163-6804","issn":["0163-6804","1558-1896"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Magazine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108540733","display_name":"Wesley M. Eddy","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1302485747","display_name":"Verizon (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/02vdyxx64","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1302485747"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799786008","display_name":"Glenn Research Center","ror":"https://ror.org/059fqnc42","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799786008","https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"W.M. Eddy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Verizon FNS, NASA GRC, USA","NASA Glenn Research Center Cleveland OH USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Verizon FNS, NASA GRC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1302485747"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"NASA Glenn Research Center Cleveland OH USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799786008"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5108540733"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1302485747","https://openalex.org/I2799786008"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":16.6005,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":155,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99451466,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"42","issue":"10","first_page":"155","last_page":"159"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10651","display_name":"IPv6, Mobility, Handover, Networks, Security","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10651","display_name":"IPv6, Mobility, Handover, Networks, Security","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10138","display_name":"Network Traffic and Congestion Control","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10246","display_name":"Mobile Ad Hoc Networks","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8235456943511963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/protocol-stack","display_name":"Protocol stack","score":0.8018917441368103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.7747747898101807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/application-layer","display_name":"Application layer","score":0.5982042551040649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/link-layer","display_name":"Link layer","score":0.5400740504264832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transport-layer","display_name":"Transport layer","score":0.5322688817977905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-layer","display_name":"Network layer","score":0.5217579007148743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internetworking","display_name":"Internetworking","score":0.4804908335208893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.4348934590816498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobility-management","display_name":"Mobility management","score":0.4308179020881653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-layer","display_name":"Internet layer","score":0.41917330026626587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/layer","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","score":0.41207146644592285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.35537850856781006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-protocol","display_name":"Internet Protocol","score":0.3281456232070923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.11017259955406189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-packet","display_name":"Network packet","score":0.09710076451301575}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8235456943511963},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38601921","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1757693","display_name":"Protocol stack","level":3,"score":0.8018917441368103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.7747747898101807},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190793597","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189768","display_name":"Application layer","level":3,"score":0.5982042551040649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12570599","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2891044","display_name":"Link layer","level":3,"score":0.5400740504264832},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7345512","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q209372","display_name":"Transport layer","level":3,"score":0.5322688817977905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117468950","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208074","display_name":"Network layer","level":3,"score":0.5217579007148743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780405328","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1067099","display_name":"Internetworking","level":3,"score":0.4804908335208893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.4348934590816498},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778555145","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4476379","display_name":"Mobility management","level":2,"score":0.4308179020881653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146739243","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2910948","display_name":"Internet layer","level":4,"score":0.41917330026626587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779227376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6505497","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","level":2,"score":0.41207146644592285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.35537850856781006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35341882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8795","display_name":"Internet Protocol","level":3,"score":0.3281456232070923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.11017259955406189},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.09710076451301575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/mcom.2004.1341274","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.2004.1341274","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S158797327","display_name":"IEEE Communications Magazine","issn_l":"0163-6804","issn":["0163-6804","1558-1896"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Magazine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.98.2524","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.98.2524","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://roland.grc.nasa.gov/~weddy/papers/moblayer.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.4300000071525574}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W123988099","https://openalex.org/W1539996246","https://openalex.org/W1752514067","https://openalex.org/W1884686348","https://openalex.org/W1933832790","https://openalex.org/W1945910338","https://openalex.org/W2101964937","https://openalex.org/W2119836184","https://openalex.org/W2124651399","https://openalex.org/W2143845875","https://openalex.org/W2168535919","https://openalex.org/W3141527788","https://openalex.org/W4247672884","https://openalex.org/W6639236504"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1989384557","https://openalex.org/W2617523174","https://openalex.org/W2150375123","https://openalex.org/W2141043180","https://openalex.org/W2187948651","https://openalex.org/W2075269279","https://openalex.org/W123988099","https://openalex.org/W2012447649","https://openalex.org/W2026722571","https://openalex.org/W2138558362"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Internetworking":[0],"is":[1,27,40,70,109,158,201],"a":[2,17,43,84,94,103,129,150,196],"complex":[3],"problem,":[4],"traditionally":[5],"tackled":[6],"by":[7],"splitting":[8],"responsibilities":[9,30],"between":[10,89,218],"several":[11],"layers":[12,26,33,50,189,219],"of":[13,21,31,131,142,172,183,190],"protocols":[14,122,155],"arranged":[15],"in":[16,56,66,79,135],"stack.":[18],"A":[19],"shortcoming":[20],"the":[22,29,57,112,140,169,178,191],"current":[23],"Internet":[24,207],"suite's":[25],"that":[28,41,195,211],"individual":[32],"are":[34],"somewhat":[35],"ill":[36],"defined.":[37],"The":[38],"result":[39],"frequently":[42,160],"feature":[44,73],"may":[45,60],"cause":[46],"problems":[47,132],"for":[48,153],"higher":[49],"when":[51],"it":[52],"unexpectedly":[53],"exists":[54],"lower":[55],"stack,":[58,193],"or":[59],"be":[61,124,215],"unnecessarily":[62],"and":[63,138,145,181,210,223],"inefficiently":[64],"implemented":[65,110],"multiple":[67],"layers.":[68],"Mobility":[69],"one":[71],"such":[72,115],"with":[74,117,128],"no":[75],"well":[76],"defined":[77],"place":[78],"classical":[80],"protocol":[81,97,192],"stacks.":[82],"If":[83],"link":[85],"layer":[86,96,121,198],"hands":[87],"over":[88],"two":[90],"distinctly":[91],"administered":[92],"networks,":[93],"network":[95,113],"will":[98],"likely":[99,202],"need":[100],"to":[101,126,148,167,203,220],"acquire":[102],"new":[104],"address.":[105],"Similarly,":[106],"if":[107],"mobility":[108,164,185,199],"at":[111,186],"layer,":[114],"as":[116],"mobile":[118,206],"IP,":[119],"transport":[120,197],"must":[123],"prepared":[125],"deal":[127],"slew":[130],"(rapid":[133],"changes":[134],"available":[136],"capacity":[137],"delay,":[139],"asymmetry":[141],"triangle":[143],"routes,":[144],"security":[146],"policies,":[147],"name":[149],"few).":[151],"Code":[152],"higher-level":[154],"(above":[156],"transport)":[157],"less":[159],"reused,":[161],"so":[162],"higher-layer":[163],"schemes":[165],"fail":[166],"leverage":[168],"large":[170],"base":[171],"TCP":[173],"sockets":[174],"code.":[175],"We":[176],"discuss":[177],"various":[179],"strengths":[180],"weaknesses":[182],"implementing":[184],"three":[187],"different":[188],"concluding":[194],"scheme":[200],"suit":[204],"today's":[205],"users":[208],"best,":[209],"ideally":[212],"there":[213],"should":[214],"more":[216],"communication":[217],"avoid":[221],"conflict":[222],"inefficiency.":[224]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":14}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}