{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2130367949","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.2002.1039865","title":"Understanding Internet traffic streams: dragonflies and tortoises","display_name":"Understanding Internet traffic streams: dragonflies and tortoises","publication_year":2002,"publication_date":"2002-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2130367949","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.2002.1039865","mag":"2130367949"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mcom.2002.1039865","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.2002.1039865","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S158797327","display_name":"IEEE Communications Magazine","issn_l":"0163-6804","issn":["0163-6804","1558-1896"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Magazine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031053840","display_name":"Nevil Brownlee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8920-4899"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154130895","display_name":"University of Auckland","ror":"https://ror.org/03b94tp07","country_code":"NZ","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154130895"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California, San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["NZ","US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"N. Brownlee","raw_affiliation_strings":["CAIDA, SDSC, UC San Diego, University of Auckland, New Zealand","CAIDA, California Univ., San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CAIDA, SDSC, UC San Diego, University of Auckland, New Zealand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154130895"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"CAIDA, California Univ., San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072282499","display_name":"kc claffy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4824-3493"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36258959","display_name":"University of California, San Diego","ror":"https://ror.org/0168r3w48","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"K.C. Claffy","raw_affiliation_strings":["CAIDA, SDSC, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, USA","CAIDA, California Univ., San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CAIDA, SDSC, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"CAIDA, California Univ., San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36258959"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5031053840"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154130895","https://openalex.org/I36258959"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":13.855,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":251,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98999965,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"40","issue":"10","first_page":"110","last_page":"117"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10400","display_name":"Network Security and Intrusion Detection","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10138","display_name":"Network Traffic and Congestion Control","score":0.9966999888420105,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.9941999912261963,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/streams","display_name":"STREAMS","score":0.919929027557373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8037960529327393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.6255928874015808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/byte","display_name":"Byte","score":0.6250939965248108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.5834910273551941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/network-packet","display_name":"Network packet","score":0.5418286323547363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-traffic","display_name":"Internet traffic","score":0.5187489986419678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-stream-mining","display_name":"Data stream mining","score":0.47821757197380066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/provisioning","display_name":"Provisioning","score":0.469769686460495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.11601251363754272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.104729562997818}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42090638","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4048907","display_name":"STREAMS","level":2,"score":0.919929027557373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8037960529327393},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.6255928874015808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C43364308","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8799","display_name":"Byte","level":2,"score":0.6250939965248108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.5834910273551941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158379750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q214111","display_name":"Network packet","level":2,"score":0.5418286323547363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63969886","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3536440","display_name":"Internet traffic","level":3,"score":0.5187489986419678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89198739","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3079880","display_name":"Data stream mining","level":2,"score":0.47821757197380066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C172191483","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071806","display_name":"Provisioning","level":2,"score":0.469769686460495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.11601251363754272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.104729562997818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/mcom.2002.1039865","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.2002.1039865","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S158797327","display_name":"IEEE Communications Magazine","issn_l":"0163-6804","issn":["0163-6804","1558-1896"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Magazine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.461.2195","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.461.2195","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.bandwidthco.com/whitepapers/netforensics/tcpip/Understanding Internet Traffic Streams.pdf","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.58.95","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.58.95","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.caida.org/outreach/papers/2002/Dragonflies/cnit.ps.gz","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:CiteSeerX.psu:10.1.1.81.7290","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.81.7290","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"http://www.caida.org/outreach/papers/2002/Dragonflies/cnit.pdf","raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W90816286","https://openalex.org/W125801384","https://openalex.org/W196839695","https://openalex.org/W1780638355","https://openalex.org/W1817166299","https://openalex.org/W1992209324","https://openalex.org/W2040634542","https://openalex.org/W2127372597","https://openalex.org/W2996893651","https://openalex.org/W6603745043","https://openalex.org/W6605091591","https://openalex.org/W6608038094","https://openalex.org/W6637895879"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2313030483","https://openalex.org/W2334651808","https://openalex.org/W205648239","https://openalex.org/W1598345288","https://openalex.org/W2132152088","https://openalex.org/W2962725879","https://openalex.org/W2146590510","https://openalex.org/W2586753595","https://openalex.org/W2091728289","https://openalex.org/W1494672059"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,18,43,88,99,131],"present":[1],"the":[2,9,24,81,140,147,150],"concept":[3],"of":[4,22,28,52,64,68,80,139,142,149,177,193],"network":[5],"traffic":[6,37],"streams":[7,48,65,92,103,187],"and":[8,26,31,72,112,119,121,126,146,156,196,216],"ways":[10],"they":[11,199],"aggregate":[12],"into":[13],"flows":[14],"through":[15],"Internet":[16,29,143,166],"links.":[17],"describe":[19],"a":[20,61,75,85,174,190],"method":[21,34],"measuring":[23],"size":[25,117,125],"lifetime":[27,110,127],"streams,":[30],"use":[32],"this":[33],"to":[35,70,136,171,214],"characterize":[36],"distributions":[38],"at":[39],"two":[40],"different":[41],"sites.":[42],"find":[44],"that":[45,93,102,123,133,185],"although":[46],"most":[47],"(about":[49],"45":[50],"percent":[51],"them)":[53],"are":[54,128],"dragonflies,":[55],"lasting":[56],"less":[57],"than":[58,96],"2":[59],"seconds,":[60],"significant":[62,191],"number":[63],"have":[66,202],"lifetimes":[67],"hours":[69],"days,":[71],"can":[73,104,188],"carry":[74],"high":[76,175],"proportion":[77],"(50-60":[78],"percent)":[79],"total":[82],"bytes":[83],"on":[84],"given":[86],"link.":[87],"define":[89],"tortoises":[90],"as":[91],"last":[94],"longer":[95],"15":[97],"minutes.":[98],"point":[100],"out":[101],"be":[105,137,169],"classified":[106],"not":[107,201],"only":[108],"by":[109,116],"(dragonflies":[111],"tortoises)":[113],"but":[114],"also":[115],"(mice":[118],"elephants),":[120],"note":[122],"stream":[124,144],"independent":[129],"dimensions.":[130],"submit":[132],"ISPs":[134,182],"need":[135],"aware":[138],"distribution":[141],"sizes,":[145],"impact":[148],"difference":[151],"in":[152,165],"behavior":[153],"between":[154],"short":[155,178],"long":[157],"streams.":[158,179],"In":[159,180],"particular,":[160],"any":[161],"forwarding":[162],"cache":[163],"mechanisms":[164],"routers":[167],"must":[168],"able":[170],"cope":[172],"with":[173],"volume":[176],"addition":[181],"should":[183],"realize":[184],"long-running":[186],"contribute":[189],"fraction":[192],"their":[194],"packet":[195],"byte":[197],"volumes-something":[198],"may":[200],"allowed":[203],"for":[204],"when":[205],"using":[206],"traditional":[207],"\"flat":[208],"rate":[209],"user":[210],"bandwidth":[211],"consumption\"":[212],"approaches":[213],"provisioning":[215],"engineering.":[217]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":18}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
