{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2114722040","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.1979.1089969","title":"Spread spectrum communications--Myths and realities","display_name":"Spread spectrum communications--Myths and realities","publication_year":1979,"publication_date":"1979-05-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2114722040","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.1979.1089969","mag":"2114722040"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mcom.1979.1089969","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.1979.1089969","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S158797327","display_name":"IEEE Communications Magazine","issn_l":"0163-6804","issn":["0163-6804","1558-1896"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Magazine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078975478","display_name":"Andrew J. Viterbi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4671-9849"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799798094","display_name":"UCLA Health","ror":"https://ror.org/01d88se56","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799798094"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"A. Viterbi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Linkabit Corporation, San Diego, CA, USA","UCLA, Los Angeles, CA,\u00a0USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Linkabit Corporation, San Diego, CA, USA","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"UCLA, Los Angeles, CA,\u00a0USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799798094"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5078975478"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799798094"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.4656,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":241,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95841996,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"3","first_page":"11","last_page":"18"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10575","display_name":"Wireless Communication Networks Research","score":0.8611000180244446,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10575","display_name":"Wireless Communication Networks Research","score":0.8611000180244446,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.8216000199317932,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12042","display_name":"Satellite Communication Systems","score":0.744700014591217,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.7647033929824829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7413711547851562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spread-spectrum","display_name":"Spread spectrum","score":0.6601824164390564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.6054272651672363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/direct-sequence-spread-spectrum","display_name":"Direct-sequence spread spectrum","score":0.5857045650482178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/communications-system","display_name":"Communications system","score":0.487325519323349}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.7647033929824829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7413711547851562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105344744","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q958957","display_name":"Spread spectrum","level":3,"score":0.6601824164390564},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.6054272651672363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194491627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1334354","display_name":"Direct-sequence spread spectrum","level":4,"score":0.5857045650482178},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101765175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q577764","display_name":"Communications system","level":2,"score":0.487325519323349},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/mcom.1979.1089969","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.1979.1089969","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S158797327","display_name":"IEEE Communications Magazine","issn_l":"0163-6804","issn":["0163-6804","1558-1896"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Magazine","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":3,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W238176571","https://openalex.org/W1572157493","https://openalex.org/W3016665156"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4224302876","https://openalex.org/W2304504342","https://openalex.org/W2358841638","https://openalex.org/W2362112362","https://openalex.org/W2394108910","https://openalex.org/W242789257","https://openalex.org/W2720413303","https://openalex.org/W2360749942","https://openalex.org/W2385187332","https://openalex.org/W4312960489"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Spread":[0],"spectrum":[2,108,167],"communication":[4],"techniques":[6],"date":[8],"back":[9],"to":[10,41,56,75,117,127],"the":[11,15,42,63,76,94,103,120],"early":[12],"fifties.":[13],"Since":[14],"earliest":[16],"applications,":[17],"system":[18,133,159],"improvements":[20,33],"have":[22],"been":[24],"more":[26,83],"evolutionary":[28],"than":[29,87],"revolutionary.":[30],"Like":[31],"most":[32],"in":[34,53],"electronic":[35],"systems,":[36],"these":[37],"are":[38,80],"due":[39],"primarily":[40],"availability":[43],"of":[44,73,97,106,119,142,149,168,181],"ever":[45],"higher":[46],"speed":[47],"integrated":[48],"circuit":[49],"components,":[50],"which":[51],"translate":[52],"this":[54],"case":[55],"wider":[57],"spread":[58,107,154,164],"spectra.":[59],"In":[60],"three":[61,71],"decades":[62],"achievable":[64],"spreading":[65,114],"factor":[66,174],"has":[67,172],"grown":[68],"by":[69,84,88],"about":[70,169],"orders":[72],"magnitude\u2019":[74],"point":[77],"that":[78,113],"we":[79,92,111],"now":[81],"limited":[82],"bandwidth":[85,121,150],"allocations":[86],"technology":[89],"limitations.":[90],"Before":[91],"xamine":[93],"quantitative":[95],"effects":[96],"spreading,":[98],"let":[99],"us":[100],"catalog":[101],"briefly":[102],"multiple":[104],"purposes":[105],"communications.":[109],"First,":[110],"note":[112],"here":[115],"refers":[116],"expansion":[118],"well":[122],"beyond":[123],"what":[124],"is":[125,152],"required":[126],"transmit":[128],"digital":[129],"data.":[130],"Thus,":[131],"a":[132,137,158,166,173],"transmitting":[134,160],"data":[135],"at":[136,155,161],"rate":[138],"(":[139],"R":[140],")":[141],"100":[143,147,162,170],"Mbits/s":[144],"using":[145],"approximately":[146],"MHz":[148,171],"(W)":[151],"not":[153],"all,":[156],"while":[157],"bits/s":[163],"over":[165],"W/R":[175],"=":[176],"106,":[177],"or":[178],"60":[179],"dB":[180],"so-calledprocessing":[182],"gain.":[183]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
