{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7141340566","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.001.2500496","title":"From Specialist to Large Models: A Paradigm Evolution Towards Semantic-Aware MIMO","display_name":"From Specialist to Large Models: A Paradigm Evolution Towards Semantic-Aware MIMO","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-03-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7141340566","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.001.2500496"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mcom.001.2500496","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.001.2500496","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S158797327","display_name":"IEEE Communications Magazine","issn_l":"0163-6804","issn":["0163-6804","1558-1896"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Magazine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Keke Ying","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Keke Ying","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Institute of Technology,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Institute of Technology,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Zhen Gao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhen Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Institute of Technology,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Institute of Technology,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Tingting Yang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136793","display_name":"Peng Cheng Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/03qdqbt06","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210136793"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tingting Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Peng Cheng Laboratory,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Peng Cheng Laboratory,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136793"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Jianhua Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianhua Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Xiang Cheng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20231570","display_name":"Peking University","ror":"https://ror.org/02v51f717","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiang Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Peking University,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Peking University,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20231570"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Tony Q.S. Quek","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I152815399","display_name":"Singapore University of Technology and Design","ror":"https://ror.org/05j6fvn87","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I152815399"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tony Q.S. Quek","raw_affiliation_strings":["Singapore University of Technology and Design,Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Singapore University of Technology and Design,Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I152815399"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"H. Vincent Poor","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I20089843","display_name":"Princeton University","ror":"https://ror.org/00hx57361","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I20089843"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"H. Vincent Poor","raw_affiliation_strings":["Princeton University,USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Princeton University,USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I20089843"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.32736143,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"64","issue":"5","first_page":"124","last_page":"131"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12072","display_name":"Machine Learning and Algorithms","score":0.04360000044107437,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12072","display_name":"Machine Learning and Algorithms","score":0.04360000044107437,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13702","display_name":"Machine Learning in Healthcare","score":0.04170000180602074,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12131","display_name":"Wireless Signal Modulation Classification","score":0.037300001829862595,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.5034000277519226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/3g-mimo","display_name":"3G MIMO","score":0.31450000405311584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-telephony","display_name":"Mobile telephony","score":0.288100004196167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multi-user-mimo","display_name":"Multi-user MIMO","score":0.2775000035762787}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8345999717712402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.5034000277519226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.46369999647140503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.3147999942302704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165650700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4636347","display_name":"3G MIMO","level":4,"score":0.31450000405311584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.3140999972820282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95491727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q992968","display_name":"Mobile telephony","level":3,"score":0.288100004196167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91330434","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q738298","display_name":"Multi-user MIMO","level":4,"score":0.2775000035762787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.27160000801086426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.26809999346733093},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.25600001215934753}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/mcom.001.2500496","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.001.2500496","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S158797327","display_name":"IEEE Communications Magazine","issn_l":"0163-6804","issn":["0163-6804","1558-1896"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Magazine","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.43788260221481323,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1430536490","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"L242011,QY25257","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322919","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3250397820","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ZR2025QA30","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324174","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6139073070","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62471036","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322919","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Beijing Municipality","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324174","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"sixth":[1],"generation":[2],"(6G)":[3],"network":[4],"is":[5],"expected":[6],"to":[7,14,41,62],"deploy":[8],"larger":[9],"multiple-input":[10],"multiple-output":[11],"(MIMO)":[12],"arrays":[13],"support":[15],"massive":[16],"connectivity,":[17],"which":[18,55],"will":[19],"increase":[20],"overhead":[21],"and":[22,36,59,65,72,90,99,129,137,145,153],"latency":[23],"at":[24],"the":[25,51,67,109,142,148],"physical":[26],"layer.":[27],"Meanwhile,":[28],"emerging":[29],"6G":[30,114],"demands":[31],"such":[32],"as":[33,121],"immersive":[34],"communications":[35],"environmental":[37],"sensing":[38],"pose":[39],"challenges":[40],"traditional":[42],"signal":[43],"processing.":[44],"To":[45],"address":[46],"these":[47],"issues,":[48],"we":[49,92,116,140],"propose":[50],"\"semantic-aware":[52],"MIMO\"":[53],"paradigm,":[54],"leverages":[56],"specialist":[57,94,151],"models":[58,61,95,120,152,155],"large":[60,119,154],"perceive,":[63],"utilize,":[64],"fuse":[66],"inherent":[68],"semantics":[69,101],"of":[70,108,113,147,150],"channels":[71],"sources":[73],"for":[74,78,102,125],"improved":[75],"performance.":[76,104],"Moreover,":[77],"representative":[79],"MIMO":[80,128,158],"physical-layer":[81],"tasks,":[82],"e.g.,":[83],"random":[84],"access":[85],"activity":[86],"detection,":[87],"channel":[88,98],"feedback,":[89],"precoding,":[91],"design":[93],"that":[96],"exploit":[97],"source":[100],"better":[103],"Additionally,":[105],"in":[106],"view":[107],"more":[110],"diversified":[111],"functions":[112],"MIMO,":[115],"further":[117],"explore":[118],"a":[122],"scalable":[123],"solution":[124],"multi-task":[126],"semantic-aware":[127,157],"review":[130],"recent":[131],"advances":[132],"along":[133],"with":[134],"their":[135],"advantages":[136],"limitations.":[138],"Finally,":[139],"discuss":[141],"challenges,":[143],"insights,":[144],"prospects":[146],"evolution":[149],"empowered":[156],"paradigms.":[159]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-05-12T06:07:45.972803","created_date":"2026-03-01T00:00:00"}