{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4417508711","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.001.2500296","title":"Toward an Intelligent Energy Efficient and Trustworthy 6G M&O Architecture","display_name":"Toward an Intelligent Energy Efficient and Trustworthy 6G M&O Architecture","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-12-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4417508711","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.001.2500296"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mcom.001.2500296","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.001.2500296","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S158797327","display_name":"IEEE Communications Magazine","issn_l":"0163-6804","issn":["0163-6804","1558-1896"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Magazine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000475909","display_name":"Nassima Toumi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0005-0345"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I148297040","display_name":"Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research","ror":"https://ror.org/01bnjb948","country_code":"NL","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I148297040"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Nassima Toumi","raw_affiliation_strings":["TNO,The Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"TNO,The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148297040"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103921253","display_name":"Joaqu\u00edn C\u00e1ceres","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210109699","display_name":"Atos (Spain)","ror":"https://ror.org/01kxqsy59","country_code":"ES","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170138621","https://openalex.org/I4210109699"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joaqu\u00edn C\u00e1ceres","raw_affiliation_strings":["Atos Research and Innovation,Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Atos Research and Innovation,Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210109699"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120860766","display_name":"Fernando Lamela","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fernando Lamela","raw_affiliation_strings":["Optare Solutions,Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Optare Solutions,Spain","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101584644","display_name":"Santiago Rodr\u00edguez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6781-7838"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Santiago Rodr\u00edguez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Optare Solutions,Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Optare Solutions,Spain","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090764870","display_name":"Constantine Ayimba","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4032-9735"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I50357001","display_name":"Universidad Carlos III de Madrid","ror":"https://ror.org/03ths8210","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I50357001"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Constantine Ayimba","raw_affiliation_strings":["University Carlos III of Madrid (UC3M),Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University Carlos III of Madrid (UC3M),Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50357001"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059521126","display_name":"Ioannis Tzanettis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8714-3909"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I174458059","display_name":"National Technical University of Athens","ror":"https://ror.org/03cx6bg69","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174458059"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ioannis Tzanettis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Communication and Computer Systems of the National Technical University of Athens,Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Communication and Computer Systems of the National Technical University of Athens,Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174458059"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076842506","display_name":"Anastasios Zafeiropoulos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0078-8697"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I174458059","display_name":"National Technical University of Athens","ror":"https://ror.org/03cx6bg69","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174458059"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anastasios Zafeiropoulos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Communication and Computer Systems of the National Technical University of Athens,Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Communication and Computer Systems of the National Technical University of Athens,Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174458059"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032124570","display_name":"Leyli Kara\u00e7ay","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8878-9904"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1306339040","display_name":"Ericsson (Sweden)","ror":"https://ror.org/05a7rhx54","country_code":"SE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1306339040"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210139236","display_name":"Ericsson (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03q3bdj78","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1306339040","https://openalex.org/I4210139236"]}],"countries":["SE","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Leyli Kara\u00e7ay","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ericsson Research Turkey"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ericsson Research Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139236","https://openalex.org/I1306339040"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054138330","display_name":"Vasiliki Lamprousi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-6186-7942"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112089","display_name":"WINGS ICT Solutions (Greece)","ror":"https://ror.org/023kmsj44","country_code":"GR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210112089"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vasiliki Lamprousi","raw_affiliation_strings":["WINGS ICT Solutions,Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"WINGS ICT Solutions,Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113202170","display_name":"Mehmet Karaca","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1306339040","display_name":"Ericsson (Sweden)","ror":"https://ror.org/05a7rhx54","country_code":"SE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1306339040"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210139236","display_name":"Ericsson (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03q3bdj78","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1306339040","https://openalex.org/I4210139236"]}],"countries":["SE","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mehmet Karaca","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ericsson Research Turkey"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ericsson Research Turkey","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210139236","https://openalex.org/I1306339040"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102870216","display_name":"Franco Ruggeri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3230-6237"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1306339040","display_name":"Ericsson (Sweden)","ror":"https://ror.org/05a7rhx54","country_code":"SE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1306339040"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I86987016","display_name":"KTH Royal Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/026vcq606","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I86987016"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Franco Ruggeri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ericsson AB and KTH Royal Institute of Technology,UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ericsson AB and KTH Royal Institute of Technology,UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I86987016","https://openalex.org/I1306339040"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089269810","display_name":"Ignacio Labrador Pav\u00f3n","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210109699","display_name":"Atos (Spain)","ror":"https://ror.org/01kxqsy59","country_code":"ES","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170138621","https://openalex.org/I4210109699"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ignacio Labrador Pav\u00f3n","raw_affiliation_strings":["Atos Research and Innovation,Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Atos Research and Innovation,Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210109699"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":5,"institutions_distinct_count":12,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5000475909"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I148297040"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.48769899,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"64","issue":"2","first_page":"141","last_page":"147"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.6100999712944031,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.6100999712944031,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.10260000079870224,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.06369999796152115,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efficient-energy-use","display_name":"Efficient energy use","score":0.6852999925613403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orchestration","display_name":"Orchestration","score":0.5992000102996826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-consumption","display_name":"Energy consumption","score":0.5681999921798706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality-of-service","display_name":"Quality of service","score":0.5241000056266785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/green-computing","display_name":"Green computing","score":0.3792000114917755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architecture","display_name":"Architecture","score":0.3741999864578247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sustainability","display_name":"Sustainability","score":0.37299999594688416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/service","display_name":"Service (business)","score":0.36419999599456787}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.885200023651123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.6852999925613403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199168358","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3367000","display_name":"Orchestration","level":3,"score":0.5992000102996826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.5681999921798706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5119721","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220501","display_name":"Quality of service","level":2,"score":0.5241000056266785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.5235999822616577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.382999986410141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75027835","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1064746","display_name":"Green computing","level":3,"score":0.3792000114917755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.3741999864578247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66204764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q219416","display_name":"Sustainability","level":2,"score":0.37299999594688416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.36419999599456787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.35359999537467957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C7817414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1779504","display_name":"Energy management","level":3,"score":0.34150001406669617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.33799999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153701036","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q659974","display_name":"Trustworthiness","level":2,"score":0.328000009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.3255999982357025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.31779998540878296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.3176000118255615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.2955000102519989},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193415008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q639681","display_name":"Network architecture","level":2,"score":0.27619999647140503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182590292","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q989632","display_name":"Network security","level":2,"score":0.26499998569488525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181889124","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380204","display_name":"Service level","level":2,"score":0.2574999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203274722","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7001161","display_name":"Network performance","level":2,"score":0.2551000118255615}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/mcom.001.2500296","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.001.2500296","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S158797327","display_name":"IEEE Communications Magazine","issn_l":"0163-6804","issn":["0163-6804","1558-1896"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Magazine","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W3205709385","https://openalex.org/W3214897310","https://openalex.org/W4206745731","https://openalex.org/W4287889573","https://openalex.org/W4383220115","https://openalex.org/W4396754474","https://openalex.org/W4401567897","https://openalex.org/W4401609031","https://openalex.org/W4402811548","https://openalex.org/W4404035578","https://openalex.org/W4405812550"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"6G":[0],"networks":[1],"aim":[2],"to":[3,48,71,77,83,122,134,153],"further":[4,137],"improve":[5],"QoS":[6],"while":[7],"optimizing":[8],"environmental":[9],"sustainability":[10],"metrics,":[11,116],"and":[12,21,93,108,114,117,131,136,150,166],"integrate":[13],"increased":[14],"levels":[15],"of":[16,53,60,142,159],"intelligence":[17],"for":[18,74,97,105],"automated":[19],"control":[20],"performance":[22,41,113],"optimization.":[23],"However,":[24],"directly":[25],"applying":[26],"AI/ML-driven":[27],"decisions":[28,76],"can":[29],"pose":[30],"risks":[31],"if":[32],"the":[33,49,58,72,127,139,155,160],"models":[34],"are":[35],"not":[36],"adequately":[37],"trained.":[38],"Additionally,":[39,126],"balancing":[40],"with":[42],"energy":[43,51,91,115,140],"efficiency":[44],"is":[45],"essential":[46],"due":[47],"high":[50],"demands":[52],"complex":[54],"AI/ML":[55,61,124],"models.":[56],"Finally,":[57],"use":[59],"introduces":[62,129],"additional":[63],"vulnerabilities":[64],"that":[65,111],"must":[66],"be":[67],"mitigated":[68],"in":[69],"addition":[70],"need":[73],"explainable":[75],"ensure":[78],"trustworthiness.":[79,157],"This":[80],"article":[81],"aims":[82],"address":[84],"these":[85],"aspects":[86],"by":[87],"jointly":[88],"integrating":[89],"intelligence,":[90],"efficiency,":[92],"trustworthiness":[94],"into":[95],"M&O":[96],"6G.":[98],"The":[99],"proposed":[100],"framework":[101,128],"combines":[102],"AI/ML-based":[103],"solutions":[104],"dynamic":[106],"network":[107],"service":[109],"orchestration":[110],"optimize":[112],"Network":[118],"Digital":[119],"Twin":[120],"management":[121],"support":[123],"processes.":[125],"distributed":[130],"sustainable":[132],"MLOps":[133],"monitor":[135],"minimize":[138],"consumption":[141],"AI/":[143],"ML":[144],"processes,":[145],"as":[146,148],"well":[147],"security":[149],"explainability":[151],"mechanisms":[152],"enhance":[154],"system's":[156],"Evaluations":[158],"framework's":[161],"components":[162],"demonstrate":[163],"its":[164],"feasibility":[165],"performance.":[167]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-07T16:01:11.037858","created_date":"2025-12-19T00:00:00"}