{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4413267751","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.001.2400482","title":"Understanding Energy Efficiency in Communication Networks: Example of an Idealized 6G Base Station","display_name":"Understanding Energy Efficiency in Communication Networks: Example of an Idealized 6G Base Station","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-07-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4413267751","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.001.2400482"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mcom.001.2400482","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.001.2400482","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S158797327","display_name":"IEEE Communications Magazine","issn_l":"0163-6804","issn":["0163-6804","1558-1896"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Magazine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/b5019f46-5f13-41be-aa35-e1a4a1b86ae4","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025794971","display_name":"Tobias Ho\u00dffeld","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0173-595X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25974101","display_name":"University of W\u00fcrzburg","ror":"https://ror.org/00fbnyb24","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25974101"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tobias Hossfeld","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chair of Communication Networks, University of W&#x00FC;rzburg,Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chair of Communication Networks, University of W&#x00FC;rzburg,Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25974101"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012174956","display_name":"Stefan Wunderer","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210159457","display_name":"Nokia (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/05nh5td39","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2738502077","https://openalex.org/I4210159457"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stefan Wunderer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nokia Solutions and Networks GmbH &#x0026; Co. KG,Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nokia Solutions and Networks GmbH &#x0026; Co. KG,Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210159457"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080239778","display_name":"Frank Loh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7410-0790"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25974101","display_name":"University of W\u00fcrzburg","ror":"https://ror.org/00fbnyb24","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25974101"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Frank Loh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chair of Communication Networks, University of W&#x00FC;rzburg,Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chair of Communication Networks, University of W&#x00FC;rzburg,Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25974101"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055180901","display_name":"David Hock","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5142-2687"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2799978770","display_name":"X-Fab (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/030bh9196","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799978770"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Hock","raw_affiliation_strings":["Infosim GmbH &#x0026; Co. KG,W&#x00FC;rzburg,Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Infosim GmbH &#x0026; Co. KG,W&#x00FC;rzburg,Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2799978770"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034805006","display_name":"Daniel Schien","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5290-7443"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36234482","display_name":"University of Bristol","ror":"https://ror.org/0524sp257","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel Schien","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Bristol,Great Britain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Bristol,Great Britain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.16438241,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"63","issue":"10","first_page":"144","last_page":"150"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12146","display_name":"Power Line Communications and Noise","score":0.9847999811172485,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12146","display_name":"Power Line Communications and Noise","score":0.9847999811172485,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.9578999876976013,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11444","display_name":"Electromagnetic Compatibility and Noise Suppression","score":0.9110000133514404,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8236146569252014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.7632551193237305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.49190616607666016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efficient-energy-use","display_name":"Efficient energy use","score":0.4843117296695709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.4564516544342041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.4512093663215637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base","display_name":"Base (topology)","score":0.42436423897743225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.24070468544960022}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8236146569252014},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.7632551193237305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.49190616607666016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.4843117296695709},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.4564516544342041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.4512093663215637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42058472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q810214","display_name":"Base (topology)","level":2,"score":0.42436423897743225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.24070468544960022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/mcom.001.2400482","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.001.2400482","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S158797327","display_name":"IEEE Communications Magazine","issn_l":"0163-6804","issn":["0163-6804","1558-1896"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Magazine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:research-information.bris.ac.uk:openaire/b5019f46-5f13-41be-aa35-e1a4a1b86ae4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/b5019f46-5f13-41be-aa35-e1a4a1b86ae4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400895","display_name":"Bristol Research (University of Bristol)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I36234482","host_organization_name":"University of Bristol","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Hossfeld, T, Wunderer, S, Loh, F, Hock, D & Schien, D 2025, 'Understanding Energy Efficiency in Communication Networks : Example of an Idealized 6G Base Station', IEEE Communications Magazine, vol. 63, no. 10, pp. 144-150. https://doi.org/10.1109/MCOM.001.2400482","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:research-information.bris.ac.uk:openaire/b5019f46-5f13-41be-aa35-e1a4a1b86ae4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research-information.bris.ac.uk/en/publications/b5019f46-5f13-41be-aa35-e1a4a1b86ae4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400895","display_name":"Bristol Research (University of Bristol)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I36234482","host_organization_name":"University of Bristol","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36234482"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Hossfeld, T, Wunderer, S, Loh, F, Hock, D & Schien, D 2025, 'Understanding Energy Efficiency in Communication Networks : Example of an Idealized 6G Base Station', IEEE Communications Magazine, vol. 63, no. 10, pp. 144-150. https://doi.org/10.1109/MCOM.001.2400482","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8799999952316284,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2025270863","display_name":"ESRC Centre for Sociodigital Futures","funder_award_id":"ES/W002639/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334630","funder_display_name":"Economic and Social Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3093447187","display_name":"CANDISE: Change-Oriented Assessments for Net-Zero Digital Services","funder_award_id":"EP/X038858/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","funder_display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6987579483","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DIK0507/01 & /02","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320331012","funder_display_name":"Bayerische Staatsministerium f\u00fcr Wirtschaft, Landesentwicklung und Energie"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8573511873","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"EPSRC-EP/X038858/1,ESRC-ES/W002639/1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320314731","funder_display_name":"UK Research and Innovation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320314731","display_name":"UK Research and Innovation","ror":"https://ror.org/001aqnf71"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320331012","display_name":"Bayerische Staatsministerium f\u00fcr Wirtschaft, Landesentwicklung und Energie","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334627","display_name":"Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0439y7842"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334630","display_name":"Economic and Social Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/03n0ht308"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":9,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1535708559","https://openalex.org/W2781306112","https://openalex.org/W3129005378","https://openalex.org/W4205380553","https://openalex.org/W4214771717","https://openalex.org/W4380482652","https://openalex.org/W4387883679","https://openalex.org/W4401109578","https://openalex.org/W4411688950"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2062470290","https://openalex.org/W2500106866","https://openalex.org/W2411032004","https://openalex.org/W2952407405","https://openalex.org/W2384373317","https://openalex.org/W2112006108","https://openalex.org/W1973952720","https://openalex.org/W2160365981","https://openalex.org/W2164613681","https://openalex.org/W4210343411"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Energy":[0],"efficiency":[1],"(EE)":[2],"metrics":[3,34,47,87,128,149],"are":[4,16,35,57,150],"important":[5],"tools":[6],"to":[7,129,155,164],"support":[8],"evaluation":[9,50],"and":[10,15,43,88,100,107],"management":[11],"of":[12,17,23,30,84,113,126,134,137],"communication":[13],"networks,":[14],"key":[18],"interest":[19],"in":[20,41,44,78,141,176],"the":[21,24,110,124,131],"development":[22],"upcoming":[25],"6G":[26,116],"network":[27,39],"strategy.":[28],"Because":[29],"their":[31,105,162],"utility,":[32],"EE":[33,86,127,148],"widely":[36],"used":[37,151],"by":[38],"operators,":[40],"standards":[42],"research.":[45],"However,":[46],"suit":[48],"varying":[49],"purposes":[51],"more":[52],"or":[53,61],"less":[54],"well,":[55],"yet":[56],"not":[58],"always":[59],"presented":[60],"applied":[62],"consistently;":[63],"for":[64],"example":[65],"when":[66],"predicting":[67],"future":[68],"EC":[69],"based":[70],"on":[71],"previously":[72],"measured":[73],"energy":[74,93],"values.":[75],"With":[76],"this":[77,146],"mind,":[79],"we":[80,121,160],"provide":[81],"a":[82,135,142,153,177],"classification":[83],"existing":[85],"how":[89,166],"they":[90],"differ;":[91],"including":[92],"intensity":[94],"(EI),":[95],"bit-per-joule":[96],"efficiency,":[97],"consumption-related":[98],"EE,":[99],"output-related":[101],"EE.":[102],"We":[103],"illustrate":[104,161],"use":[106,163],"limitations":[108],"through":[109],"micro":[111],"view":[112,133],"an":[114,172],"idealized":[115],"base":[117],"station":[118],"(BS).":[119],"Additionally,":[120],"also":[122],"consider":[123],"application":[125],"evaluate":[130,156,165],"macro":[132],"number":[136],"BSs":[138],"providing":[139],"coverage":[140],"certain":[143],"area.":[144],"In":[145],"case,":[147],"as":[152],"tool":[154],"systemlevel":[157],"properties.":[158],"Specifically,":[159],"BS":[167],"sleep":[168],"control":[169],"can":[170],"approximate":[171],"energy-proportional":[173],"ideal":[174],"system":[175],"high-load":[178],"regime.":[179]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-12-28T23:10:05.387466","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
