{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4409225874","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.001.2400283","title":"FLEX-SCALE: A Disruptive Approach Toward Flexibly Scalable Energy Efficient Networking","display_name":"FLEX-SCALE: A Disruptive Approach Toward Flexibly Scalable Energy Efficient Networking","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-04-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4409225874","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.001.2400283"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mcom.001.2400283","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.001.2400283","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S158797327","display_name":"IEEE Communications Magazine","issn_l":"0163-6804","issn":["0163-6804","1558-1896"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Magazine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MCOM.001.2400283","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006843030","display_name":"Josep M. F\u00e0brega","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9285-9768"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087295","display_name":"Centre Tecnologic de Telecomunicacions de Catalunya","ror":"https://ror.org/001cwea56","country_code":"ES","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087295","https://openalex.org/I4387153040"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Josep M. Fabrega","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre Tecnol&#x00F2;gic de Telecomunicacions de Catalunya,Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre Tecnol&#x00F2;gic de Telecomunicacions de Catalunya,Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087295"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100733327","display_name":"Ra\u00fcl Mu\u00f1oz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4651-4499"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087295","display_name":"Centre Tecnologic de Telecomunicacions de Catalunya","ror":"https://ror.org/001cwea56","country_code":"ES","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087295","https://openalex.org/I4387153040"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Raul Mu\u00f1oz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centre Tecnol&#x00F2;gic de Telecomunicacions de Catalunya,Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centre Tecnol&#x00F2;gic de Telecomunicacions de Catalunya,Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087295"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029009789","display_name":"Dan M. Marom","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8740-5419"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I197251160","display_name":"Hebrew University of Jerusalem","ror":"https://ror.org/03qxff017","country_code":"IL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I197251160"]}],"countries":["IL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dan M. Marom","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hebrew University,Israel"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hebrew University,Israel","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I197251160"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047773389","display_name":"Jos\u00e9 Manuel Rivas-Moscoso","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210134591","display_name":"Telefonica Research and Development","ror":"https://ror.org/03qgzzb04","country_code":"ES","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097190","https://openalex.org/I4210134591"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jos\u00e9 Manuel Rivas-Moscoso","raw_affiliation_strings":["Telef&#x00F3;nica CTIO,Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Telef&#x00F3;nica CTIO,Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210134591"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028092138","display_name":"Michael Enrico","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9137-570X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210161390","display_name":"Polatis (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/05rp7bv68","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210161390"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael Enrico","raw_affiliation_strings":["HUBER+SUHNER Polatis,UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"HUBER+SUHNER Polatis,UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210161390"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085042541","display_name":"L. Pot\u00ec","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8917-0353"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210132817","display_name":"Mercatorum University","ror":"https://ror.org/03znjxt55","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210132817"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Luca Pot\u00ec","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universitas Mercatorum,Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universitas Mercatorum,Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210132817"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043967262","display_name":"Pantea Nadimi Goki","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2174-3498"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I162290304","display_name":"Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna","ror":"https://ror.org/025602r80","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162290304"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pantea Nadimi Goki","raw_affiliation_strings":["Scuola Superiore Sant&#x0027;Anna, TeCIP Institute,Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Scuola Superiore Sant&#x0027;Anna, TeCIP Institute,Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I162290304"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5117062883","display_name":"Daniel Rieben","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35440088","display_name":"ETH Zurich","ror":"https://ror.org/05a28rw58","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel Rieben","raw_affiliation_strings":["ETH Zurich,Switzerland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ETH Zurich,Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052194192","display_name":"David Moor","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0930-4604"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35440088","display_name":"ETH Zurich","ror":"https://ror.org/05a28rw58","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Moor","raw_affiliation_strings":["ETH Zurich,Switzerland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ETH Zurich,Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091297303","display_name":"Juerg Leuthold","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0111-8169"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35440088","display_name":"ETH Zurich","ror":"https://ror.org/05a28rw58","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}],"countries":["CH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Juerg Leuthold","raw_affiliation_strings":["ETH Zurich,Switzerland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"ETH Zurich,Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062005839","display_name":"Marcel Destraz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1947-7779"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210100484","display_name":"Polaris Sensor Technologies (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00yjc4530","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210100484"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marcel Destraz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Polariton Technologies Ltd.,Switzerland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Polariton Technologies Ltd.,Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210100484"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078371577","display_name":"Gabriel Otero","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5616-3592"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I50357001","display_name":"Universidad Carlos III de Madrid","ror":"https://ror.org/03ths8210","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I50357001"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gabriel Otero P\u00e9rez","raw_affiliation_strings":["University Carlos III of Madrid,Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University Carlos III of Madrid,Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50357001"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083130789","display_name":"David Larrabeiti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4983-0243"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I50357001","display_name":"Universidad Carlos III de Madrid","ror":"https://ror.org/03ths8210","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I50357001"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Larrabeiti","raw_affiliation_strings":["University Carlos III of Madrid,Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University Carlos III of Madrid,Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I50357001"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101891512","display_name":"Francisco Rodrigues","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9828-781X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128411","display_name":"Sylvana Research","ror":"https://ror.org/03fcec566","country_code":"US","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210128411"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Francisco Rodrigues","raw_affiliation_strings":["PICadvanced,Portugal"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"PICadvanced,Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128411"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046801754","display_name":"A. Teixeira","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0636-4281"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128411","display_name":"Sylvana Research","ror":"https://ror.org/03fcec566","country_code":"US","type":"other","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210128411"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Antonio Teixeira","raw_affiliation_strings":["PICadvanced,Portugal"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"PICadvanced,Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128411"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022897886","display_name":"Hicham Zaid","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7003-0801"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800274787","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Telecommunications, Heinrich Hertz Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/02tbr6331","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800274787","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hussein Zaid","raw_affiliation_strings":["Heinrich-Hertz-Institute,Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Heinrich-Hertz-Institute,Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800274787"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017604641","display_name":"Carsten Schmidt\u2010Langhorst","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800274787","display_name":"Fraunhofer Institute for Telecommunications, Heinrich Hertz Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/02tbr6331","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800274787","https://openalex.org/I4923324"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carsten Schmidt-Langhorst","raw_affiliation_strings":["Heinrich-Hertz-Institute,Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Heinrich-Hertz-Institute,Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800274787"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107864704","display_name":"Alberto Bianchi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126170","display_name":"Ericsson (Italy)","ror":"https://ror.org/027n3xb46","country_code":"IT","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1306339040","https://openalex.org/I4210126170"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alberto Bianchi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ericsson,Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ericsson,Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210126170"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090790899","display_name":"Fabio Cavaliere","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7278-580X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210126170","display_name":"Ericsson (Italy)","ror":"https://ror.org/027n3xb46","country_code":"IT","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1306339040","https://openalex.org/I4210126170"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fabio Cavaliere","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ericsson,Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ericsson,Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210126170"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043742740","display_name":"Elias Giacoumidis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1161-7837"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133673","display_name":"VPIphotonics (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/03tdxj229","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133673"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elias Giacoumidis","raw_affiliation_strings":["VPIphotonics,Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"VPIphotonics,Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133673"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031211171","display_name":"Andr\u00e9 Richter","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1685-5615"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210133673","display_name":"VPIphotonics (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/03tdxj229","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210133673"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andre Richter","raw_affiliation_strings":["VPIphotonics,Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"VPIphotonics,Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210133673"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018045180","display_name":"Dimitrios Klonidis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4451-2062"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210162980","display_name":"Ubitech (Greece)","ror":"https://ror.org/05dvp4993","country_code":"GR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210162980"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dimitris Klonidis","raw_affiliation_strings":["UBITECH,Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"UBITECH,Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210162980"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074388101","display_name":"Dimitris Uzunidis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9993-5230"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I174878644","display_name":"University of Patras","ror":"https://ror.org/017wvtq80","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174878644"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dimitris Uzunidis","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Patras,Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Patras,Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174878644"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090065929","display_name":"Konstantinos Moschopoulos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0404-5234"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I174878644","display_name":"University of Patras","ror":"https://ror.org/017wvtq80","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174878644"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Konstantinos Moschopoulos","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Patras,Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Patras,Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174878644"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079573429","display_name":"Ioannis Tomkos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9721-3405"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I174878644","display_name":"University of Patras","ror":"https://ror.org/017wvtq80","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I174878644"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ioannis Tomkos","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Patras,Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Patras,Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I174878644"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":8,"institutions_distinct_count":25,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5006843030"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087295"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.3457,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93861918,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"63","issue":"9","first_page":"86","last_page":"93"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.9878000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10714","display_name":"Software-Defined Networks and 5G","score":0.9878000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10829","display_name":"Interconnection Networks and Systems","score":0.9765999913215637,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10273","display_name":"IoT and Edge/Fog Computing","score":0.9409999847412109,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8273376226425171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flex","display_name":"FLEX","score":0.7492932677268982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scalability","display_name":"Scalability","score":0.6187428832054138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efficient-energy-use","display_name":"Efficient energy use","score":0.517577052116394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.504170298576355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.4491979777812958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.4280344843864441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.35961318016052246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.158460795879364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.14557203650474548}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8273376226425171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776252893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1364836","display_name":"FLEX","level":2,"score":0.7492932677268982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48044578","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q727490","display_name":"Scalability","level":2,"score":0.6187428832054138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.517577052116394},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.504170298576355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.4491979777812958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.4280344843864441},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.35961318016052246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.158460795879364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.14557203650474548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/mcom.001.2400283","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.001.2400283","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S158797327","display_name":"IEEE Communications Magazine","issn_l":"0163-6804","issn":["0163-6804","1558-1896"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Magazine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:www.iris.sssup.it:11382/583698","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11382/583698","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196376","display_name":"CINECA IRIS Institutional Research Information System (Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I162290304","host_organization_name":"Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I162290304"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:zenodo.org:17608934","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MCOM.001.2400283","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE COMMUNICATIONS MAGAZINE, 63(9), 86-93, (2025-09-01)","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:zenodo.org:17608934","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MCOM.001.2400283","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400562","display_name":"Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67311998","host_organization_name":"European Organization for Nuclear Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67311998"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE COMMUNICATIONS MAGAZINE, 63(9), 86-93, (2025-09-01)","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8799999952316284,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1518804925","https://openalex.org/W2028352473","https://openalex.org/W2063705599","https://openalex.org/W2111719256","https://openalex.org/W2810763654","https://openalex.org/W2903063825","https://openalex.org/W3102895176","https://openalex.org/W3128131559","https://openalex.org/W3200186092","https://openalex.org/W4323914060","https://openalex.org/W4380769260","https://openalex.org/W4385656061","https://openalex.org/W4399310999","https://openalex.org/W4402964442"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4250698707","https://openalex.org/W4244545186","https://openalex.org/W4247748223","https://openalex.org/W1008394927","https://openalex.org/W183173419","https://openalex.org/W4253292776","https://openalex.org/W2483231410","https://openalex.org/W4402871433","https://openalex.org/W4244549413","https://openalex.org/W4239881561"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,35,114],"European":[1],"FLEX-SCALE":[2,198],"project":[3],"advances":[4],"disruptive":[5],"research":[6],"on":[7],"complementary":[8],"optical":[9,38,63,142,151],"x-haul":[10],"network":[11,33,54,120,161],"technologies":[12,137],"in":[13,59,206],"support":[14,115],"of":[15,104,116],"emerging":[16],"requirements":[17],"for":[18,41,133,210],"6G":[19,160,211],"cellular":[20],"systems.":[21],"Employing":[22],"a":[23,157,200,207],"top-down":[24],"strategy,":[25],"it":[26],"addresses":[27],"the":[28,53,60,97,102,119,128,141,146],"diverse":[29],"requisites":[30],"across":[31],"all":[32],"levels.":[34],"architecture":[36],"introduces":[37],"nodes":[39],"(ONs)":[40],"efficiently":[42],"aggregating":[43],"traffic,":[44],"strategically":[45],"placed":[46],"to":[47,85,90,124,155],"meet":[48],"ultra-low":[49],"latency":[50],"demands":[51],"at":[52,78],"edge":[55],"and":[56,66,138,171,176,184,193,202],"varied":[57],"capacities":[58],"core.":[61],"Utilizing":[62],"ultra-wideband":[64],"(UWB)":[65],"space":[67],"division":[68],"multiplexing":[69],"(SDM)":[70],"multiplexed":[71],"transmission":[72],"links,":[73],"each":[74],"ON":[75],"routes":[76],"traffic":[77,98,189],"multiple":[79],"granularities":[80],"(MG),":[81],"from":[82],"full":[83],"fiber":[84],"flexibly":[86],"defined":[87],"bands,":[88],"down":[89],"individual":[91],"wavelength":[92],"channels,":[93],"as":[94],"needed":[95],"by":[96,107],"flows.":[99],"This":[100],"enables":[101],"replacement":[103],"electronic":[105],"routers":[106],"all-optical":[108],"switches,":[109],"significantly":[110],"reducing":[111],"energy":[112,182],"consumption.":[113],"UWB/SDM":[117],"boosts":[118],"node":[121],"aggregate":[122],"capacity":[123,131],"10":[125],"Pb/s,":[126],"meeting":[127],"envisioned":[129],"year-2030":[130],"targets":[132],"6G.":[134],"With":[135],"enabling":[136],"components":[139],"like":[140,163],"digital-to-analog":[143],"converter":[144],"(DAC),":[145],"plasmonic":[147],"transceivers,":[148],"or":[149],"multi-granular":[150],"nodes,":[152],"FLEXSCALE":[153],"seeks":[154],"make":[156],"reality":[158],"key":[159],"attributes":[162],"ultra-high":[164],"capacity,":[165],"flexibility,":[166],"scalability,":[167],"cost-effectiveness,":[168],"low":[169],"latency,":[170],"reliability.":[172],"A":[173],"sophisticated":[174],"control":[175],"orchestration":[177],"system":[178],"ensures":[179],"optimal":[180],"operation,":[181],"efficiency,":[183],"service":[185],"provisioning,":[186],"utilizing":[187],"advanced":[188],"engineering,":[190],"cloud-native":[191],"architecture,":[192],"machine":[194],"learning.":[195],"In":[196],"summary,":[197],"represents":[199],"visionary":[201],"comprehensive":[203],"approach,":[204],"ushering":[205],"transformative":[208],"era":[209],"connectivity.":[212]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
