{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4391093003","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.001.2300540","title":"Large-Scale MIMO Enabled Satellite Communications: Concepts, Technologies, and Challenges","display_name":"Large-Scale MIMO Enabled Satellite Communications: Concepts, Technologies, and Challenges","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-01-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4391093003","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.001.2300540"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mcom.001.2300540","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.001.2300540","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S158797327","display_name":"IEEE Communications Magazine","issn_l":"0163-6804","issn":["0163-6804","1558-1896"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Magazine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067955837","display_name":"Yezeng Wu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47720641","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yezeng Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Huazhong University of Science and Technology,P. R. China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology,P. R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026003516","display_name":"Lixia Xiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7959-8356"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47720641","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lixia Xiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Huazhong University of Science and Technology,P. R. China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology,P. R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006394972","display_name":"Jiaxi Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8348-6859"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47720641","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiaxi Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Huazhong University of Science and Technology,P. R. China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology,P. R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071873766","display_name":"Mingjie Feng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4771-7087"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47720641","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mingjie Feng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Huazhong University of Science and Technology,P. R. China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology,P. R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002566516","display_name":"Pei Xiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7886-5878"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28290843","display_name":"University of Surrey","ror":"https://ror.org/00ks66431","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pei Xiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Surrey,UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Surrey,UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28290843"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5047568691","display_name":"Tao Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1388-7478"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47720641","display_name":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00p991c53","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tao Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Huazhong University of Science and Technology,P. R. China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Huazhong University of Science and Technology,P. R. China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5067955837"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47720641"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":27.8158,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99490146,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"62","issue":"8","first_page":"140","last_page":"146"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12042","display_name":"Satellite Communication Systems","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12042","display_name":"Satellite Communication Systems","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12449","display_name":"Spacecraft Design and Technology","score":0.9681000113487244,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10575","display_name":"Wireless Communication Networks Research","score":0.9567000269889832,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.7922602891921997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7572824954986572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/communications-satellite","display_name":"Communications satellite","score":0.6655440926551819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite","display_name":"Satellite","score":0.6052441000938416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/3g-mimo","display_name":"3G MIMO","score":0.5650243163108826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.5557097792625427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna-diversity","display_name":"Antenna diversity","score":0.46310967206954956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.4618033766746521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.4274410605430603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.39056164026260376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.09886658191680908}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.7922602891921997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7572824954986572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121308736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q149918","display_name":"Communications satellite","level":3,"score":0.6655440926551819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.6052441000938416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165650700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4636347","display_name":"3G MIMO","level":4,"score":0.5650243163108826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.5557097792625427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60069766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q357054","display_name":"Antenna diversity","level":3,"score":0.46310967206954956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.4618033766746521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.4274410605430603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.39056164026260376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.09886658191680908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/mcom.001.2300540","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.001.2300540","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S158797327","display_name":"IEEE Communications Magazine","issn_l":"0163-6804","issn":["0163-6804","1558-1896"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Magazine","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1981067609","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U22B2004","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7162777270","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021YFB2900502","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2488265751","https://openalex.org/W3007804894","https://openalex.org/W3042999029","https://openalex.org/W3104650338","https://openalex.org/W3120822682","https://openalex.org/W3127812090","https://openalex.org/W3165573226","https://openalex.org/W4210250788","https://openalex.org/W4223568641","https://openalex.org/W4293094814","https://openalex.org/W4312297846","https://openalex.org/W4312818293","https://openalex.org/W4323519588","https://openalex.org/W4377233932","https://openalex.org/W4377235409","https://openalex.org/W4384080812"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2038397443","https://openalex.org/W4200145345","https://openalex.org/W2112785353","https://openalex.org/W2941374357","https://openalex.org/W1561113522","https://openalex.org/W1495906304","https://openalex.org/W1993205288","https://openalex.org/W4390496060","https://openalex.org/W1520753245","https://openalex.org/W2018262840"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Satellite":[0],"communications":[1,56,133],"are":[2,106,134,146],"perceived":[3],"as":[4,73],"an":[5,100],"essential":[6],"supplement":[7],"to":[8,12,51,57,85,108],"terrestrial":[9],"networks":[10],"due":[11],"their":[13],"benefits":[14],"of":[15,25,39,44,64,69,88,102,120,128,143],"providing":[16],"seamless":[17],"coverage":[18],"and":[19,46,79,118,126,140],"global":[20],"connectivity.":[21],"On":[22],"the":[23,32,59,86,116,124,137],"basis":[24],"existing":[26],"multiple-input":[27],"multiple-output":[28],"(MIMO)":[29],"satellite":[30,55,92,121,130,159],"communication,":[31],"large-scale":[33,89,131],"MIMO":[34,90,132],"technology,":[35],"which":[36],"is":[37,49],"capable":[38],"fully":[40],"exploring":[41],"spatial":[42],"degrees":[43],"freedom":[45],"diversity":[47],"gain,":[48],"expected":[50],"be":[52],"applied":[53],"in":[54,91,157],"meet":[58],"ultra-high":[60],"data":[61],"rate":[62],"requirements":[63],"6G.":[65],"However,":[66],"a":[67],"number":[68],"practical":[70,129],"factors":[71],"such":[72],"limited":[74],"payloads,":[75],"lineof-":[76],"sight":[77],"channels,":[78],"channel":[80],"aging":[81],"pose":[82],"great":[83],"challenges":[84,127],"implementation":[87],"systems.":[93],"To":[94],"this":[95,97],"end,":[96],"article":[98],"provides":[99],"overview":[101],"core":[103,144],"technologies":[104,145,156],"that":[105],"promising":[107],"handle":[109],"these":[110],"issues.":[111],"Specifically,":[112],"we":[113,149],"first":[114],"outline":[115],"concept":[117],"evolution":[119],"MIMO.":[122],"Then,":[123],"advantages":[125],"highlighted.":[135],"Next,":[136],"technical":[138],"issues":[139],"potential":[141,155],"solutions":[142],"discussed.":[147],"Finally,":[148],"provide":[150],"novel":[151],"design":[152],"guidelines":[153],"for":[154],"future":[158],"communications.":[160]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}