{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4220757011","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.001.2100748","title":"Access Frameworks and Application Scenarios for Hybrid VLC and RF Systems: State of the Art, Challenges, and Trends","display_name":"Access Frameworks and Application Scenarios for Hybrid VLC and RF Systems: State of the Art, Challenges, and Trends","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4220757011","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.001.2100748"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mcom.001.2100748","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.001.2100748","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S158797327","display_name":"IEEE Communications Magazine","issn_l":"0163-6804","issn":["0163-6804","1558-1896"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Magazine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101678972","display_name":"Fubin Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2390-630X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Fubin Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tsinghua University &#x0026; Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology,China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsinghua University &#x0026; Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063200773","display_name":"Fang Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3575-5086"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fang Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Tsinghua University &#x0026; Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology,China","Research Institute of Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Tsinghua University &#x0026; Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Institute of Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009823379","display_name":"Jian Song","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2924-6640"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jian Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research Institute of Tsinghua University,Shenzhen,China","Research Institute of Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Institute of Tsinghua University,Shenzhen,China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Institute of Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063667378","display_name":"Zhu Han","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6606-5822"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35928602","display_name":"Kyung Hee University","ror":"https://ror.org/01zqcg218","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I35928602"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhu Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Houston and Kyung Hee University,South Korea","University of Houston and Kyung Hee University, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Houston and Kyung Hee University,South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35928602"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Houston and Kyung Hee University, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35928602"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101678972"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.6787,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":32,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90202939,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"60","issue":"3","first_page":"55","last_page":"61"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10767","display_name":"Advanced Photonic Communication Systems","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10205","display_name":"Advanced Fiber Optic Sensors","score":0.9962999820709229,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visible-light-communication","display_name":"Visible light communication","score":0.8886116743087769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.815960168838501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-frequency","display_name":"Radio frequency","score":0.5839760303497314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.5495591759681702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hybrid-system","display_name":"Hybrid system","score":0.5243088006973267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.4915407598018646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.44881951808929443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.15387392044067383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.08111783862113953}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160487672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1426313","display_name":"Visible light communication","level":3,"score":0.8886116743087769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.815960168838501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74064498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3396184","display_name":"Radio frequency","level":2,"score":0.5839760303497314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.5495591759681702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50897621","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2665508","display_name":"Hybrid system","level":2,"score":0.5243088006973267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.4915407598018646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.44881951808929443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.15387392044067383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.08111783862113953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176666156","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25504","display_name":"Light-emitting diode","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/mcom.001.2100748","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcom.001.2100748","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S158797327","display_name":"IEEE Communications Magazine","issn_l":"0163-6804","issn":["0163-6804","1558-1896"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Communications Magazine","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8799999952316284}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5487117565","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CNS-2128368,CNS-2107216","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G657304510","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61871255","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2479834498","https://openalex.org/W2736898037","https://openalex.org/W2917727671","https://openalex.org/W2921286835","https://openalex.org/W2931656328","https://openalex.org/W2943850631","https://openalex.org/W2963082394","https://openalex.org/W2963417810","https://openalex.org/W2968522222","https://openalex.org/W2981096252","https://openalex.org/W2994676633","https://openalex.org/W3045743199","https://openalex.org/W3089875883","https://openalex.org/W3098182061","https://openalex.org/W3128093517"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2501797479","https://openalex.org/W2997630107","https://openalex.org/W3109516991","https://openalex.org/W1544202060","https://openalex.org/W2291056487","https://openalex.org/W2395898055","https://openalex.org/W2779101090","https://openalex.org/W2289948051","https://openalex.org/W3081944688","https://openalex.org/W3096625689"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"further":[1],"demand":[2],"for":[3,36,144],"data":[4,76,146],"traffic":[5],"growth":[6],"makes":[7],"the":[8,40,88,100,120,126,155],"conventional":[9],"radio":[10],"frequency":[11],"(RF)":[12],"wireless":[13,37],"network":[14],"face":[15],"ever":[16],"increasing":[17],"challenges":[18],"such":[19],"as":[20,32,108],"spectrum":[21],"shortage":[22],"and":[23,50,62,80,94,112,129,135,151,161],"access":[24,104],"congestion.":[25],"Visible":[26],"light":[27],"communication":[28,38],"(VLC)":[29],"is":[30,55,97],"envisioned":[31],"a":[33,56],"promising":[34],"candidate":[35],"in":[39,78,83,119,140,168],"future,":[41],"but":[42],"it":[43,54],"also":[44],"has":[45],"limitations":[46],"like":[47],"limited":[48],"coverage":[49,82],"inconvenient":[51],"uplinks.":[52],"Naturally,":[53],"rational":[57],"strategy":[58],"to":[59,65,167],"combine":[60],"VLC":[61,79,93,134,160],"RF":[63,95,136,162],"systems":[64,96,137,163],"form":[66],"hybrid":[67,92,103,133,159],"systems,":[68],"which":[69],"can":[70],"take":[71],"full":[72],"advantage":[73],"of":[74,102,132,158],"high":[75,145,148,152],"rate":[77],"wide":[81],"RF.":[84],"In":[85],"this":[86],"article,":[87],"current":[89,121],"research":[90],"on":[91],"reviewed.":[98],"First,":[99],"structures":[101],"frameworks":[105,118],"are":[106,123,138,164],"introduced":[107],"complementary":[109],"single-hop":[110],"networks":[111],"heterogeneous":[113],"multihop":[114],"networks,":[115],"while":[116],"common":[117],"literature":[122],"summarized.":[124],"Moreover,":[125],"technical":[127],"characteristics":[128],"specific":[130],"advantages":[131],"discussed":[139],"different":[141],"application":[142],"scenarios":[143],"rate,":[147],"energy":[149],"efficiency,":[150],"reliability.":[153],"Finally,":[154],"future":[156],"trends":[157],"looked":[165],"forward":[166],"some":[169],"typical":[170],"enabling":[171],"technologies.":[172]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-28T14:05:53.105641","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
