{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3204034172","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcg.2021.3113455","title":"DiVRsify: Break the Cycle and Develop VR for Everyone","display_name":"DiVRsify: Break the Cycle and Develop VR for Everyone","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-11-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3204034172","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcg.2021.3113455","mag":"3204034172"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mcg.2021.3113455","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcg.2021.3113455","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/38/9646502/09646525.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S105380075","display_name":"IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications","issn_l":"0272-1716","issn":["0272-1716","1558-1756"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"preprint","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref","datacite"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/38/9646502/09646525.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090060844","display_name":"Tabitha C. Peck","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3667-7713"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141720752","display_name":"Davidson College","ror":"https://ror.org/02f7k4z58","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141720752"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Tabitha C. Peck","raw_affiliation_strings":["Davidson College, Davidson, NC, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Davidson College, Davidson, NC, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141720752"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078586218","display_name":"Kyla McMullen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1064-0952"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I33213144","display_name":"University of Florida","ror":"https://ror.org/02y3ad647","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kyla A. McMullen","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I33213144"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084343243","display_name":"John Quarles","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4790-167X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45438204","display_name":"The University of Texas at San Antonio","ror":"https://ror.org/01kd65564","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I45438204"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John Quarles","raw_affiliation_strings":["The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The University of Texas at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45438204"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5090060844"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141720752"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.12393479,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"41","issue":"6","first_page":"133","last_page":"142"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10648","display_name":"Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10648","display_name":"Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10803","display_name":"Innovative Human-Technology Interaction","score":0.9610999822616577,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11977","display_name":"Technology Use by Older Adults","score":0.9380000233650208,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3317","display_name":"Demography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/virtual-reality","display_name":"Virtual reality","score":0.7478582859039307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generalizability-theory","display_name":"Generalizability theory","score":0.7337068319320679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/usability","display_name":"Usability","score":0.6821032762527466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diversity","display_name":"Diversity (politics)","score":0.6790922284126282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population","display_name":"Population","score":0.4858510196208954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/affordance","display_name":"Affordance","score":0.44118812680244446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/race","display_name":"Race (biology)","score":0.4404944181442261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.3788025975227356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.329800546169281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.2717670202255249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/political-science","display_name":"Political science","score":0.21197476983070374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociology","display_name":"Sociology","score":0.21157902479171753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gender-studies","display_name":"Gender studies","score":0.08547833561897278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/developmental-psychology","display_name":"Developmental psychology","score":0.08416470885276794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/demography","display_name":"Demography","score":0.08165594935417175}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194969405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170519","display_name":"Virtual reality","level":2,"score":0.7478582859039307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27158222","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5532422","display_name":"Generalizability theory","level":2,"score":0.7337068319320679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C170130773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216378","display_name":"Usability","level":2,"score":0.6821032762527466},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781316041","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1230584","display_name":"Diversity (politics)","level":2,"score":0.6790922284126282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.4858510196208954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194995250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q531136","display_name":"Affordance","level":2,"score":0.44118812680244446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76509639","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q918036","display_name":"Race (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4404944181442261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.3788025975227356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.329800546169281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.2717670202255249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.21197476983070374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.21157902479171753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107993555","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1662673","display_name":"Gender studies","level":1,"score":0.08547833561897278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138496976","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175002","display_name":"Developmental psychology","level":1,"score":0.08416470885276794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.08165594935417175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/mcg.2021.3113455","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcg.2021.3113455","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/38/9646502/09646525.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S105380075","display_name":"IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications","issn_l":"0272-1716","issn":["0272-1716","1558-1756"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2110.00497","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2110.00497","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2110.00497","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"mag:3204034172","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2110.00497.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","raw_type":null},{"id":"doi:10.48550/arxiv.2110.00497","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arxiv.2110.00497","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mcg.2021.3113455","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mcg.2021.3113455","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/38/9646502/09646525.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S105380075","display_name":"IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications","issn_l":"0272-1716","issn":["0272-1716","1558-1756"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7390259930","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"1942146","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G848032724","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3204034172.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3204034172.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1993266153","https://openalex.org/W2004872018","https://openalex.org/W2006447892","https://openalex.org/W2025184767","https://openalex.org/W2085790719","https://openalex.org/W2085876742","https://openalex.org/W2111897373","https://openalex.org/W2146431883","https://openalex.org/W2169510099","https://openalex.org/W2293801848","https://openalex.org/W2303451575","https://openalex.org/W2491723121","https://openalex.org/W2557593045","https://openalex.org/W2788481061","https://openalex.org/W2804910099","https://openalex.org/W2889133815","https://openalex.org/W2895814682","https://openalex.org/W2941283506","https://openalex.org/W2962281223","https://openalex.org/W3006405772","https://openalex.org/W3033631891","https://openalex.org/W3118914251","https://openalex.org/W3131692291","https://openalex.org/W3137807525","https://openalex.org/W6696831407","https://openalex.org/W6723228388","https://openalex.org/W6748382702","https://openalex.org/W6755758474","https://openalex.org/W6766087846","https://openalex.org/W7067029409"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2970255715","https://openalex.org/W2962547976","https://openalex.org/W2615410119","https://openalex.org/W2759894456","https://openalex.org/W3132951422","https://openalex.org/W2909558605","https://openalex.org/W2987934571","https://openalex.org/W2755499279","https://openalex.org/W3029871863","https://openalex.org/W2999079330","https://openalex.org/W2946577748","https://openalex.org/W2770994811","https://openalex.org/W3134306853","https://openalex.org/W2967679631","https://openalex.org/W1482892303","https://openalex.org/W2347142629","https://openalex.org/W3206180814","https://openalex.org/W2738894580","https://openalex.org/W3184240674","https://openalex.org/W3104144097"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Virtual":[0],"reality":[1,38,65,93,113,135],"technology":[2],"is":[3,59],"biased.":[4],"It":[5],"excludes":[6],"approximately":[7],"95%":[8],"of":[9,34,56,74,108,110],"the":[10,32,62,106,123,130],"world\u2019s":[11],"population":[12],"by":[13],"being":[14],"primarily":[15],"designed":[16],"for":[17,136],"male,":[18],"western,":[19],"educated,":[20],"industrial,":[21],"rich,":[22],"and":[23,43,51,84,132],"democratic":[24],"populations.":[25,102],"This":[26],"bias":[27],"may":[28],"be":[29],"due":[30],"to":[31,60,72,99,120],"lack":[33,107],"diversity":[35],"in":[36,91],"virtual":[37,64,92,112,134],"researchers,":[39],"research":[40,66],"participants,":[41],"developers,":[42],"end":[44],"users,":[45],"fueling":[46],"a":[47,118],"noninclusive":[48],"research,":[49],"development,":[50],"usability":[52,94],"cycle.":[53],"The":[54],"objective":[55],"this":[57],"article":[58],"highlight":[61,88],"minimal":[63],"involving":[67],"understudied":[68],"populations":[69],"with":[70,122],"respect":[71],"dimensions":[73],"diversity,":[75],"such":[76],"as":[77],"gender,":[78],"race,":[79],"culture,":[80],"ethnicity,":[81],"age,":[82],"disability,":[83],"neurodivergence.":[85],"Specifically,":[86],"we":[87,116],"numerous":[89],"differences":[90,104],"between":[95],"underrepresented":[96],"groups":[97],"compared":[98],"commonly":[100],"studied":[101],"These":[103],"illustrate":[105],"generalizability":[109],"prior":[111],"research.":[114],"Lastly,":[115],"present":[117],"call":[119],"action":[121],"aim":[124],"that,":[125],"over":[126],"time,":[127],"will":[128],"break":[129],"cycle":[131],"enable":[133],"everyone.":[137]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-18T14:38:29.013473","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}