{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3091767954","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mce.2020.3038023","title":"A Privacy-Preserved and Cost-Efficient Control Scheme for Coronavirus Outbreak Using Call Data Record and Contact Tracing","display_name":"A Privacy-Preserved and Cost-Efficient Control Scheme for Coronavirus Outbreak Using Call Data Record and Contact Tracing","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-11-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3091767954","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mce.2020.3038023","mag":"3091767954"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mce.2020.3038023","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mce.2020.3038023","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2483040032","display_name":"IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine","issn_l":"2162-2248","issn":["2162-2248","2162-2256"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["arxiv","crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2010.01521","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Shibli Nisar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110357561","display_name":"University of the Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/048gmay44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110357561"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I929597975","display_name":"National University of Sciences and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03w2j5y17","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I929597975"]}],"countries":["PK","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shibli Nisar","raw_affiliation_strings":["National University of Sciences and Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Sciences and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110357561","https://openalex.org/I929597975"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Muhammad Ali Zuhaib","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110357561","display_name":"University of the Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/048gmay44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110357561"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I929597975","display_name":"National University of Sciences and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03w2j5y17","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I929597975"]}],"countries":["PK","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Ali Zuhaib","raw_affiliation_strings":["National University of Sciences and Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Sciences and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110357561","https://openalex.org/I929597975"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Abasin Ulasyar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110357561","display_name":"University of the Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/048gmay44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110357561"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I929597975","display_name":"National University of Sciences and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03w2j5y17","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I929597975"]}],"countries":["PK","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abasin Ulasyar","raw_affiliation_strings":["National University of Sciences and Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Sciences and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110357561","https://openalex.org/I929597975"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Muhammad Tariq","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I201384688","display_name":"National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/003eyb898","country_code":"PK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I201384688"]}],"countries":["PK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Muhammad Tariq","raw_affiliation_strings":["National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I201384688"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2995,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2995},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.1534,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93429249,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"2","first_page":"104","last_page":"110"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12943","display_name":"COVID-19 Digital Contact Tracing","score":0.6789000034332275,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12943","display_name":"COVID-19 Digital Contact Tracing","score":0.6789000034332275,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10410","display_name":"COVID-19 epidemiological studies","score":0.047200001776218414,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2611","display_name":"Modeling and Simulation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11980","display_name":"Human Mobility and Location-Based Analysis","score":0.031300000846385956,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contact-tracing","display_name":"Contact tracing","score":0.8877999782562256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/isolation","display_name":"Isolation (microbiology)","score":0.6658999919891357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coronavirus-disease-2019","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","score":0.6427000164985657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coronavirus","display_name":"Coronavirus","score":0.5950000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pandemic","display_name":"Pandemic","score":0.5748000144958496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/outbreak","display_name":"Outbreak","score":0.5331000089645386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/severe-acute-respiratory-syndrome-coronavirus-2","display_name":"Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)","score":0.5023000240325928}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113162765","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1128437","display_name":"Contact tracing","level":5,"score":0.8877999782562256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775941552","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25212305","display_name":"Isolation (microbiology)","level":2,"score":0.6658999919891357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6489999890327454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3008058167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q84263196","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","level":4,"score":0.6427000164985657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777648638","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q57751738","display_name":"Coronavirus","level":5,"score":0.5950000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89623803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12184","display_name":"Pandemic","level":5,"score":0.5748000144958496},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116675565","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3241045","display_name":"Outbreak","level":2,"score":0.5331000089645386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3007834351","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82069695","display_name":"Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)","level":5,"score":0.5023000240325928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.4507000148296356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4424999952316284},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.4239000082015991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138673069","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q322229","display_name":"Tracing","level":2,"score":0.41659998893737793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3006700255","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81068910","display_name":"2019-20 coronavirus outbreak","level":3,"score":0.37470000982284546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777735758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q817765","display_name":"Path (computing)","level":2,"score":0.3693999946117401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.34689998626708984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.32019999623298645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2833000123500824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C93996380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44127","display_name":"Server","level":2,"score":0.28220000863075256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2910188402","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q85438966","display_name":"Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus","level":5,"score":0.27880001068115234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.27709999680519104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44154836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45045","display_name":"Simulation","level":1,"score":0.27549999952316284}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/mce.2020.3038023","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mce.2020.3038023","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2483040032","display_name":"IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine","issn_l":"2162-2248","issn":["2162-2248","2162-2256"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Consumer Electronics Magazine","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2010.01521","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2010.01521","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2010.01521","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:arXiv.org:2010.01521","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://arxiv.org/abs/2010.01521","pdf_url":"https://arxiv.org/pdf/2010.01521","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400194","display_name":"arXiv (Cornell University)","issn_l":"2331-8422","issn":["2331-8422"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I205783295","host_organization_name":"Cornell University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I205783295"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2332505482","https://openalex.org/W2689968897","https://openalex.org/W3007696223","https://openalex.org/W3011016219","https://openalex.org/W3011663503","https://openalex.org/W3015331120","https://openalex.org/W3015624832","https://openalex.org/W3017185853","https://openalex.org/W3017185871","https://openalex.org/W3034361669","https://openalex.org/W3080359079","https://openalex.org/W6779306573","https://openalex.org/W6784771595"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Coronavirus":[0],"or":[1,47,70],"COVID-19,":[2,41],"which":[3,95],"has":[4,13],"been":[5],"declared":[6],"pandemic":[7],"by":[8,121,193,209],"the":[9,18,23,26,34,58,72,75,99,118,122,126,137,141,158,194,197,206,210,223,231],"World":[10],"Health":[11],"Organization,":[12],"incurred":[14],"huge":[15],"losses":[16],"to":[17,36,49,68,204,221],"lives":[19],"of":[20,74,129,143,146,152,189],"people":[21,132],"throughout":[22],"world.":[24,59],"Although":[25],"scientists,":[27],"researchers,":[28],"and":[29,53,90,111,124,165,168,182,214],"doctors":[30],"are":[31,172,184],"working":[32],"round":[33],"clock":[35],"develop":[37],"a":[38,45,51,63,80,149,153],"vaccine":[39,55],"for":[40,57,174],"it":[42],"may":[43],"take":[44],"year":[46],"two":[48],"make":[50],"safe":[52],"effective":[54],"available":[56],"In":[60],"current":[61],"circumstances,":[62],"solution":[64],"must":[65,162],"be":[66,107,163],"developed":[67],"control":[69,98,222],"stop":[71],"spread":[73],"virus.":[76],"For":[77],"this":[78,144],"purpose,":[79],"novel":[81],"technique":[82,115],"based":[83],"on":[84],"call":[85],"data":[86],"record":[87],"analysis":[88],"(CDRA)":[89],"contact":[91,112,169],"tracing":[92,170],"is":[93,180,191,200,217],"proposed,":[94],"can":[96,106,116],"effectively":[97],"coronavirus":[100,104,224],"outbreak.":[101],"A":[102,177],"positive":[103,156],"patient":[105,123,179,232],"traced":[108],"through":[109],"CDRA":[110,167],"tracing.":[113],"The":[114],"track":[117],"path":[119,207],"traversed":[120],"collect":[125],"cell":[127],"numbers":[128],"all":[130],"those":[131],"who":[133],"have":[134],"met":[135],"with":[136],"patient.":[138,195],"Keeping":[139],"intact":[140],"privacy":[142],"group":[145],"people,":[147],"when":[148],"test":[150],"result":[151],"person":[154],"comes":[155],"among":[157],"group,":[159],"then":[160],"he/she":[161],"isolated":[164],"same":[166],"procedures":[171],"adopted":[173],"that":[175],"person.":[176],"COVID-19":[178],"geotagged":[181],"alerts":[183],"sent":[185],"if":[186],"any":[187],"violation":[188],"isolation":[190],"done":[192],"Moreover,":[196],"general":[198],"public":[199],"informed":[201],"in":[202,229,233],"advance":[203],"avoid":[205],"followed":[208],"patients.":[211],"This":[212],"privacy-preserved":[213],"cost-effective":[215],"mechanism":[216],"not":[218],"only":[219],"capable":[220],"outbreak":[225],"but":[226],"also":[227],"helps":[228],"isolating":[230],"his/her":[234],"house.":[235]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-08-28T12:50:07.497085","created_date":"2020-10-08T00:00:00"}