{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2969012718","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mc.2019.2935058","title":"Physical Computing: A Key Element of Modern Computer Science Education","display_name":"Physical Computing: A Key Element of Modern Computer Science Education","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-04-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2969012718","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mc.2019.2935058","mag":"2969012718"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mc.2019.2935058","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mc.2019.2935058","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S178916657","display_name":"Computer","issn_l":"0018-9162","issn":["0018-9162","1558-0814"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computer","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/id/eprint/135064/1/Physical_computing_for_CS_education.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031564691","display_name":"Steve Hodges","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9314-7762"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210164937","display_name":"Microsoft Research (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/05k87vq12","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253","https://openalex.org/I4210164937"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Steve Hodges","raw_affiliation_strings":["Research, Microsoft, Cambridge, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research, Microsoft, Cambridge, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164937"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076432347","display_name":"Sue Sentance","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0259-7408"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210157507","display_name":"Raspberry Pi Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/05kdgvd18","country_code":"GB","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210157507"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sue Sentance","raw_affiliation_strings":["Raspberry Pi, Cambridge, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Raspberry Pi, Cambridge, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210157507"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070998746","display_name":"Joe Finney","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0805-5375"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I67415387","display_name":"Lancaster University","ror":"https://ror.org/04f2nsd36","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67415387"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joe Finney","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computing and Communications, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computing and Communications, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I67415387"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114248503","display_name":"Thomas Ball","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1290206253","display_name":"Microsoft (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/00d0nc645","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas Ball","raw_affiliation_strings":["Software Engineering, Microsoft Research, Redmond, Washington United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Software Engineering, Microsoft Research, Redmond, Washington United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1290206253"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5031564691"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210164937"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":12.2401,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":100,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98619646,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"53","issue":"4","first_page":"20","last_page":"30"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10533","display_name":"Teaching and Learning Programming","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10533","display_name":"Teaching and Learning Programming","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11283","display_name":"Experimental Learning in Engineering","score":0.982200026512146,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10904","display_name":"Embedded Systems Design Techniques","score":0.9125999808311462,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1708","display_name":"Hardware and Architecture"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.812559962272644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.6473881602287292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-computing","display_name":"Physical computing","score":0.5624067783355713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.4896286129951477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimedia","display_name":"Multimedia","score":0.4066806435585022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-science","display_name":"Computational science","score":0.34298253059387207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.3228413462638855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.16490313410758972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.13962304592132568}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.812559962272644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.6473881602287292},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C128582244","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q939007","display_name":"Physical computing","level":2,"score":0.5624067783355713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.4896286129951477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49774154","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131765","display_name":"Multimedia","level":1,"score":0.4066806435585022},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C459310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q117801","display_name":"Computational science","level":1,"score":0.34298253059387207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.3228413462638855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.16490313410758972},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.13962304592132568}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/mc.2019.2935058","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mc.2019.2935058","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S178916657","display_name":"Computer","issn_l":"0018-9162","issn":["0018-9162","1558-0814"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computer","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.lancs.ac.uk:135064","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":"https://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/id/eprint/135064/1/Physical_computing_for_CS_education.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401916","display_name":"Lancaster EPrints (Lancaster University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67415387","host_organization_name":"Lancaster University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67415387"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"PeerReviewed"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:eprints.lancs.ac.uk:135064","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":"https://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/id/eprint/135064/1/Physical_computing_for_CS_education.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401916","display_name":"Lancaster EPrints (Lancaster University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I67415387","host_organization_name":"Lancaster University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I67415387"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"PeerReviewed"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.5799999833106995}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2969012718.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2969012718.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1664396722","https://openalex.org/W1815407459","https://openalex.org/W1990060255","https://openalex.org/W1998823058","https://openalex.org/W2032090133","https://openalex.org/W2045004201","https://openalex.org/W2063555610","https://openalex.org/W2084944215","https://openalex.org/W2085854922","https://openalex.org/W2106253787","https://openalex.org/W2127757021","https://openalex.org/W2129505505","https://openalex.org/W2141682746","https://openalex.org/W2170749155","https://openalex.org/W2283948632","https://openalex.org/W2296609347","https://openalex.org/W2577750900","https://openalex.org/W2802546022","https://openalex.org/W3008351235","https://openalex.org/W3215953781","https://openalex.org/W6792379302"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2140798747","https://openalex.org/W2948169060","https://openalex.org/W2730112582","https://openalex.org/W2358580169","https://openalex.org/W2111347279","https://openalex.org/W2110696645","https://openalex.org/W2487211728","https://openalex.org/W2378096925","https://openalex.org/W2348031209","https://openalex.org/W4254819921"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"recent":[1],"growth":[2],"area":[3],"in":[4,41],"computer":[5],"science":[6],"education":[7],"is":[8],"physical":[9,20,36],"computing,":[10],"which":[11],"involves":[12],"combining":[13],"software":[14],"and":[15,24,38],"hardware":[16],"to":[17,26],"build":[18],"interactive":[19],"systems":[21],"that":[22],"sense":[23],"respond":[25],"the":[27,42,45],"real":[28],"world.":[29],"This":[30],"article":[31],"provides":[32],"an":[33,49],"overview":[34],"of":[35],"computing":[37],"its":[39],"value":[40],"classroom,":[43],"using":[44],"BBC":[46],"micro:bit":[47],"as":[48],"example.":[50]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":28},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":16},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}