{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2976438533","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mc.2019.2918391","title":"Can Deep Learning Save Us and Itself From the Avalanche of Threats in Cyberspace?","display_name":"Can Deep Learning Save Us and Itself From the Avalanche of Threats in Cyberspace?","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-09-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2976438533","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mc.2019.2918391","mag":"2976438533","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32127723"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mc.2019.2918391","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mc.2019.2918391","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S178916657","display_name":"Computer","issn_l":"0018-9162","issn":["0018-9162","1558-0814"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computer","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7053583","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013116110","display_name":"Apostol Vassilev","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9081-3042"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1321296531","display_name":"National Institute of Standards and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xpvk416","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531","https://openalex.org/I1343035065"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Apostol Vassilev","raw_affiliation_strings":["NIST","National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Dr., Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NIST","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Institute of Standards and Technology, 100 Bureau Dr., Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5013116110"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1321296531"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.11230002,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"52","issue":"10","first_page":"76","last_page":"82"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10028","display_name":"Topic Modeling","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10664","display_name":"Sentiment Analysis and Opinion Mining","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11644","display_name":"Spam and Phishing Detection","score":0.9962999820709229,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cyberspace","display_name":"Cyberspace","score":0.8852914571762085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7445731163024902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.5195581912994385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5027847290039062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feed-forward","display_name":"Feed forward","score":0.49671274423599243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transfer-of-learning","display_name":"Transfer of learning","score":0.47772809863090515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.46317675709724426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.4354628324508667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/semantics","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","score":0.4141605496406555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3692966401576996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.21921750903129578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.156775563955307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/programming-language","display_name":"Programming language","score":0.1298723816871643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.10248380899429321}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781241145","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204606","display_name":"Cyberspace","level":3,"score":0.8852914571762085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7445731163024902},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.5195581912994385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5027847290039062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38858127","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5441228","display_name":"Feed forward","level":2,"score":0.49671274423599243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150899416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1820378","display_name":"Transfer of learning","level":2,"score":0.47772809863090515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.46317675709724426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.4354628324508667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184337299","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1437428","display_name":"Semantics (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.4141605496406555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3692966401576996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.21921750903129578},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.156775563955307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.1298723816871643},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.10248380899429321},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/mc.2019.2918391","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mc.2019.2918391","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S178916657","display_name":"Computer","issn_l":"0018-9162","issn":["0018-9162","1558-0814"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computer","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:32127723","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32127723","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computer","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7053583","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7053583","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Computer (Long Beach Calif)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7053583","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7053583","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Computer (Long Beach Calif)","raw_type":"Text"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1844423209","https://openalex.org/W2109664771","https://openalex.org/W2113459411","https://openalex.org/W2153579005","https://openalex.org/W2557283755","https://openalex.org/W2752099845","https://openalex.org/W2792285703","https://openalex.org/W2963918774","https://openalex.org/W2964072686","https://openalex.org/W4294170691","https://openalex.org/W4297798488","https://openalex.org/W6676373471","https://openalex.org/W6676984168","https://openalex.org/W6682691769","https://openalex.org/W6749015878","https://openalex.org/W6760266475"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4206357785","https://openalex.org/W4281381188","https://openalex.org/W2951211570","https://openalex.org/W3192840557","https://openalex.org/W4375928479","https://openalex.org/W3167935049","https://openalex.org/W3023427754","https://openalex.org/W3131673289","https://openalex.org/W4393011546","https://openalex.org/W3198847674"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"How":[0],"to":[1,17,42,84,95],"model":[2,72],"and":[3,10,28,38,52,82],"encode":[4],"the":[5,12,43,45,74,88,91],"semantics":[6,71],"of":[7,14,61,73,90],"human-written":[8],"text":[9],"select":[11],"type":[13],"neural":[15,55],"network":[16,56],"process":[18],"it":[19],"are":[20,30,39,99],"not":[21],"settled":[22],"issues":[23,32],"in":[24,33,36],"sentiment":[25,58],"analysis.":[26],"Accuracy":[27],"transferability":[29],"critical":[31],"machine":[34],"learning":[35],"general":[37],"closely":[40],"related":[41],"viability":[44],"trained":[46],"model.":[47],"I":[48],"present":[49],"a":[50],"computationally-efficient":[51],"accurate":[53],"feedforward":[54],"for":[57],"prediction":[59],"capable":[60],"maintaining":[62],"high":[63],"transfer":[64],"accuracy":[65],"when":[66],"coupled":[67],"with":[68],"an":[69],"effective":[70],"text.":[75],"Experimental":[76],"results":[77],"on":[78],"representative":[79],"benchmark":[80],"datasets":[81],"comparisons":[83],"other":[85],"methods":[86],"show":[87],"advantages":[89],"new":[92],"approach.":[93],"Applications":[94],"security":[96],"validation":[97],"programs":[98],"discussed.":[100]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
