{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2771537552","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mc.2017.4451203","title":"Hacking Power Grids: A Current Problem","display_name":"Hacking Power Grids: A Current Problem","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2771537552","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mc.2017.4451203","mag":"2771537552"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mc.2017.4451203","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mc.2017.4451203","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S178916657","display_name":"Computer","issn_l":"0018-9162","issn":["0018-9162","1558-0814"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computer","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"http://libres.uncg.edu/ir/uncg/f/N_Kshetri_Hacking_2017.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025481201","display_name":"Nir Kshetri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1408-4212"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I169335092","display_name":"University of North Carolina at Greensboro","ror":"https://ror.org/04fnxsj42","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169335092"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nir Kshetri","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of North Carolina, Greensboro"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of North Carolina, Greensboro","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I169335092"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113985843","display_name":"Jeffrey Voas","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeffrey Voas","raw_affiliation_strings":["NIST"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NIST","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":5.4635,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":115,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96166511,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"50","issue":"12","first_page":"91","last_page":"95"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9894000291824341,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10917","display_name":"Smart Grid Security and Resilience","score":0.9894000291824341,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2207","display_name":"Control and Systems Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7641583681106567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hacker","display_name":"Hacker","score":0.6568483114242554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.5672327876091003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power","display_name":"Power (physics)","score":0.5510943531990051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/government","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","score":0.5377604365348816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/critical-infrastructure","display_name":"Critical infrastructure","score":0.4379512071609497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/power-grid","display_name":"Power grid","score":0.42777183651924133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.40935659408569336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.3435385227203369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.09434503316879272}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7641583681106567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86844869","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2798820","display_name":"Hacker","level":2,"score":0.6568483114242554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.5672327876091003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.5510943531990051},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5377604365348816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29852176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q373338","display_name":"Critical infrastructure","level":2,"score":0.4379512071609497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983254600","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096907","display_name":"Power grid","level":3,"score":0.42777183651924133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.40935659408569336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3435385227203369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.09434503316879272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/mc.2017.4451203","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mc.2017.4451203","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S178916657","display_name":"Computer","issn_l":"0018-9162","issn":["0018-9162","1558-0814"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computer","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:libres.uncg.edu/25512","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":"http://libres.uncg.edu/ir/uncg/f/N_Kshetri_Hacking_2017.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401856","display_name":"NC Digital Online Collection of Knowledge and Scholarship (The University of North Carolina at Greensboro)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I169335092","host_organization_name":"University of North Carolina at Greensboro","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169335092"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:oai:libres.uncg.edu/25512","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":"http://libres.uncg.edu/ir/uncg/f/N_Kshetri_Hacking_2017.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401856","display_name":"NC Digital Online Collection of Knowledge and Scholarship (The University of North Carolina at Greensboro)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I169335092","host_organization_name":"University of North Carolina at Greensboro","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I169335092"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":null},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.6100000143051147}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2771537552.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":1,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2483850428"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2921504876","https://openalex.org/W1982580243","https://openalex.org/W2183730421","https://openalex.org/W2551868243","https://openalex.org/W2348153269","https://openalex.org/W4205613068","https://openalex.org/W3112956360","https://openalex.org/W4286284259","https://openalex.org/W1507118973","https://openalex.org/W2004781009"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Cyberattacks":[0],"against":[1],"power":[2],"grids":[3],"and":[4,12,15],"other":[5],"critical":[6],"infrastructures":[7],"are":[8],"increasing":[9],"in":[10],"frequency":[11],"severity.":[13],"Government":[14],"industry":[16],"stakeholders":[17],"must":[18],"take":[19],"more":[20],"active":[21],"steps":[22],"to":[23],"address":[24],"the":[25],"problem":[26],"before":[27],"a":[28],"major":[29],"catastrophe":[30],"occurs.":[31]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":22},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":21},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-07-15T18:14:33.161393","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
