{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2111605900","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mc.2002.1016895","title":"Invasive software, who's inside your computer","display_name":"Invasive software, who's inside your computer","publication_year":2002,"publication_date":"2002-07-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2111605900","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mc.2002.1016895","mag":"2111605900"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mc.2002.1016895","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mc.2002.1016895","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S178916657","display_name":"Computer","issn_l":"0018-9162","issn":["0018-9162","1558-0814"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computer","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008277528","display_name":"George Lawton","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"G. Lawton","raw_affiliation_strings":[],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":0,"institutions_distinct_count":0,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5008277528"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6933,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8315622,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":94},"biblio":{"volume":"35","issue":"7","first_page":"15","last_page":"18"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12799","display_name":"Mobile and Web Applications","score":0.6705999970436096,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12799","display_name":"Mobile and Web Applications","score":0.6705999970436096,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11241","display_name":"Advanced Malware Detection Techniques","score":0.5899999737739563,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1711","display_name":"Signal Processing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7669215798377991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sword","display_name":"SWORD","score":0.6949756741523743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/software","display_name":"Software","score":0.6597862839698792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.6575345396995544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magic","display_name":"MAGIC (telescope)","score":0.6325095891952515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/the-internet","display_name":"The Internet","score":0.5973255634307861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hacker","display_name":"Hacker","score":0.46796637773513794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/malware","display_name":"Malware","score":0.44843006134033203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.38194647431373596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/internet-privacy","display_name":"Internet privacy","score":0.35297614336013794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.23180454969406128}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7669215798377991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781424646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7395200","display_name":"SWORD","level":2,"score":0.6949756741523743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777904410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7397","display_name":"Software","level":2,"score":0.6597862839698792},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.6575345396995544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777704519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45732","display_name":"MAGIC (telescope)","level":2,"score":0.6325095891952515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110875604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q75","display_name":"The Internet","level":2,"score":0.5973255634307861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86844869","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2798820","display_name":"Hacker","level":2,"score":0.46796637773513794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C541664917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14001","display_name":"Malware","level":2,"score":0.44843006134033203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.38194647431373596},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108827166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175975","display_name":"Internet privacy","level":1,"score":0.35297614336013794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.23180454969406128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/mc.2002.1016895","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mc.2002.1016895","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S178916657","display_name":"Computer","issn_l":"0018-9162","issn":["0018-9162","1558-0814"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computer","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4388437661","https://openalex.org/W3144335818","https://openalex.org/W2807752174","https://openalex.org/W2798475058","https://openalex.org/W4254099759","https://openalex.org/W4255153174","https://openalex.org/W606096353","https://openalex.org/W2808320746","https://openalex.org/W4248271783","https://openalex.org/W2807751124"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Technology":[0],"frequently":[1],"turns":[2],"out":[3],"to":[4],"be":[5],"a":[6,42,50],"double-edged":[7],"sword.":[8],"For":[9],"example,":[10],"as":[11,33,65],"technology":[12],"has":[13,29],"increased":[14],"connectivity":[15],"and":[16,22,44,71],"network":[17],"accessibility,":[18],"concerns":[19],"about":[20],"privacy":[21],"security":[23],"have":[24],"grown.":[25],"As":[26],"this":[27],"concern":[28],"increased,":[30],"invasive":[31,62],"technologies-such":[32],"those":[34],"that":[35],"let":[36],"third":[37],"parties":[38],"plant":[39],"software":[40,63],"on":[41],"PC":[43],"monitor":[45],"users'":[46],"activities":[47],"from":[48],"across":[49],"LAN":[51],"or":[52],"the":[53],"Internet-are":[54],"becoming":[55],"more":[56],"sophisticated.":[57],"The":[58],"paper":[59],"discusses":[60],"new":[61],"such":[64],"Spyware,":[66],"pop-over":[67],"ads,":[68],"e-mail":[69],"tracking":[70],"Magic":[72],"Lantern":[73],"software.":[74]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}