{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1700787631","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mc.1985.1662922","title":"Parallel Processor Programs in the Federal Government","display_name":"Parallel Processor Programs in the Federal Government","publication_year":1985,"publication_date":"1985-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1700787631","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mc.1985.1662922","mag":"1700787631"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mc.1985.1662922","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mc.1985.1662922","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S178916657","display_name":"Computer","issn_l":"0018-9162","issn":["0018-9162","1558-0814"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computer","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031351767","display_name":"Schneck","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1280581677","display_name":"Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/02caytj08","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1280581677","https://openalex.org/I1296703163","https://openalex.org/I1330347796"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3149230897","display_name":"Institute For Defense Analyses","ror":"https://ror.org/00rh8m666","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3149230897"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Schneck","raw_affiliation_strings":["Defense Advanced Research Project Agency, USA","Institute for Defense Analyses, Supercomputing Research Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA","Supercomputing Research Center, Institute for Defense Analyses"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Defense Advanced Research Project Agency, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1280581677"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Defense Analyses, Supercomputing Research Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3149230897"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Supercomputing Research Center, Institute for Defense Analyses","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3149230897"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069818500","display_name":"Austin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1330989302","display_name":"United States Department of Energy","ror":"https://ror.org/01bj3aw27","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Austin","raw_affiliation_strings":["U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Research, Washington DC, United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Energy Research, Washington DC, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1330989302"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Squires","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1280581677","display_name":"Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/02caytj08","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1280581677","https://openalex.org/I1296703163","https://openalex.org/I1330347796"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3149230897","display_name":"Institute For Defense Analyses","ror":"https://ror.org/00rh8m666","country_code":"US","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3149230897"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Squires","raw_affiliation_strings":["Defense Advanced Research Project Agency, USA","Institute for Defense Analyses, Supercomputing Research Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA","DARPA, Arlington, VA, United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Defense Advanced Research Project Agency, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1280581677"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute for Defense Analyses, Supercomputing Research Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3149230897"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"DARPA, Arlington, VA, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1280581677"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5097743307","display_name":"Lehmann","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1311060795","display_name":"U.S. National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1311060795"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156352","display_name":"Division of Earth Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05v01mk25","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1311060795","https://openalex.org/I4210150888","https://openalex.org/I4210156352"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lehmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Science Foundation, USA","NSF Washington, DC, United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Science Foundation, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1311060795"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"NSF Washington, DC, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156352"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5097797254","display_name":"Mizeil","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I175003984","display_name":"Office of Naval Research","ror":"https://ror.org/00rk2pe57","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I175003984","https://openalex.org/I3130687028"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mizeil","raw_affiliation_strings":["Office of Naval Research, USA","U.S. Navy, Office of Naval Research, Washington DC, United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Office of Naval Research, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I175003984"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"U.S. Navy, Office of Naval Research, Washington DC, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I175003984"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5097770150","display_name":"Wallgren","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210124779","display_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/027ka1x80","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wallgren","raw_affiliation_strings":["NASA, USA","NASA Office of Aeronautics and Space Technology Washington, DC, United States"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NASA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"NASA Office of Aeronautics and Space Technology Washington, DC, United States","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210124779"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5031351767"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1280581677","https://openalex.org/I3149230897"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":7.506,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96924848,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"6","first_page":"43","last_page":"56"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10715","display_name":"Distributed and Parallel Computing Systems","score":0.9660999774932861,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10715","display_name":"Distributed and Parallel Computing Systems","score":0.9660999774932861,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10101","display_name":"Cloud Computing and Resource Management","score":0.9003000259399414,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1710","display_name":"Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/supercomputer","display_name":"Supercomputer","score":0.8243221044540405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiprocessing","display_name":"Multiprocessing","score":0.7892638444900513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.768671989440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/research-center","display_name":"Research center","score":0.658257007598877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/government","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","score":0.5947287082672119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agency","display_name":"Agency (philosophy)","score":0.43566304445266724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.42326921224594116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operating-system","display_name":"Operating system","score":0.38790157437324524}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83283714","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121117","display_name":"Supercomputer","level":2,"score":0.8243221044540405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4822641","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846651","display_name":"Multiprocessing","level":2,"score":0.7892638444900513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.768671989440918},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777532764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31855","display_name":"Research center","level":2,"score":0.658257007598877},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5947287082672119},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108170787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3951828","display_name":"Agency (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.43566304445266724},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.42326921224594116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.38790157437324524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/mc.1985.1662922","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mc.1985.1662922","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S178916657","display_name":"Computer","issn_l":"0018-9162","issn":["0018-9162","1558-0814"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310320439","host_organization_name":"IEEE Computer Society","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310320439","https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["IEEE Computer Society","Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Computer","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.41999998688697815,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17","display_name":"Partnerships for the goals"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1980880150","https://openalex.org/W1599154403","https://openalex.org/W325986762","https://openalex.org/W4237297230","https://openalex.org/W1809394610","https://openalex.org/W2123607806","https://openalex.org/W2159088946","https://openalex.org/W2092845486","https://openalex.org/W2509294597","https://openalex.org/W2148915962"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"1982,":[1],"a":[2,45,68],"report":[3],"dealing":[4],"with":[5],"the":[6,21,32,37,71,84,90,94,103,106,115,122,126],"nation's":[7],"research":[8,22,24,30,100,120,133],"needs":[9],"in":[10,25,31,75,79,108,139],"high-speed":[11],"computing":[12],"called":[13],"for":[14,20,36,86,89],"increased":[15,29],"access":[16],"to":[17,101,114],"supercomputing":[18],"resources":[19],"community,":[23],"computational":[26],"mathematics,":[27],"and":[28,142],"technology":[33],"base":[34],"needed":[35],"next":[38],"generation":[39],"of":[40,47,52,70,105],"supercomputers.":[41],"Since":[42],"that":[43],"time":[44],"number":[46],"programs":[48,74],"addressing":[49],"future":[50],"generations":[51],"computers,":[53],"particularly":[54],"parallel":[55,76,140,144],"processors,":[56],"have":[57],"been":[58],"started":[59],"by":[60,83],"U.S.":[61],"government":[62,73],"agencies.":[63],"The":[64],"present":[65],"paper":[66],"provides":[67],"description":[69],"largest":[72],"processing.":[77],"Established":[78],"fiscal":[80],"year":[81],"1985":[82],"Institute":[85],"Defense":[87],"Analyses":[88],"National":[91],"Security":[92],"Agency,":[93],"Supercomputing":[95],"Research":[96],"Center":[97],"will":[98],"pursue":[99],"advance":[102],"state":[104],"art":[107],"supercomputing.":[109],"Attention":[110],"is":[111],"also":[112],"given":[113],"DOE":[116],"applied":[117],"mathematical":[118],"sciences":[119],"program,":[121,131],"NYU":[123],"Ultracomputer":[124],"project,":[125],"DARPA":[127],"multiprocessor":[128,135],"system":[129],"architectures":[130],"NSF":[132],"on":[134],"systems,":[136],"ONR":[137],"activities":[138],"computing,":[141],"NASA":[143],"processor":[145],"projects.":[146]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-16T08:26:57.006410","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}