{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2108441893","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mahss.2005.1542869","title":"Attack-resilient time synchronization for wireless sensor networks","display_name":"Attack-resilient time synchronization for wireless sensor networks","publication_year":2005,"publication_date":"2005-12-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2108441893","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mahss.2005.1542869","mag":"2108441893"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mahss.2005.1542869","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mahss.2005.1542869","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE International Conference on Mobile Adhoc and Sensor Systems Conference, 2005.","raw_type":"proceedings-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011086593","display_name":"Hui Song","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9429-7997"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hui Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA","Department of Computer Science and Engineering Pennsylvania State University University Park, PA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering Pennsylvania State University University Park, PA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101952501","display_name":"Sencun Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1047-7967"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sencun Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA","Department of Computer Science and Engineering Pennsylvania State University University Park, PA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering Pennsylvania State University University Park, PA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102287047","display_name":"Guohong Cao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130769515","display_name":"Pennsylvania State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04p491231","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guohong Cao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA","Department of Computer Science and Engineering Pennsylvania State University University Park, PA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering Pennsylvania State University University Park, PA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5011086593"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130769515"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.1146,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":52,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.926555,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":null,"issue":null,"first_page":"765","last_page":"772"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12216","display_name":"Network Time Synchronization Technologies","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12216","display_name":"Network Time Synchronization Technologies","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11498","display_name":"Security in Wireless Sensor Networks","score":0.9965000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11932","display_name":"Wireless Body Area Networks","score":0.9962999820709229,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.807707667350769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synchronization","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","score":0.7118701934814453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-sensor-network","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","score":0.573691725730896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-synchronization","display_name":"Time synchronization","score":0.560897707939148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.5274115800857544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cryptography","display_name":"Cryptography","score":0.48284846544265747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformation","display_name":"Transformation (genetics)","score":0.47151434421539307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/outlier","display_name":"Outlier","score":0.46314024925231934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.45639604330062866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless-network","display_name":"Wireless network","score":0.4411763846874237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.39571166038513184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distributed-computing","display_name":"Distributed computing","score":0.38324156403541565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.3407265841960907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.31483709812164307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.10795161128044128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.09765860438346863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.07498306035995483}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.807707667350769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778562939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1298791","display_name":"Synchronization (alternating current)","level":3,"score":0.7118701934814453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24590314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q336038","display_name":"Wireless sensor network","level":2,"score":0.573691725730896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986737936","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1058791","display_name":"Time synchronization","level":2,"score":0.560897707939148},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.5274115800857544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178489894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8789","display_name":"Cryptography","level":2,"score":0.48284846544265747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204241405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q461499","display_name":"Transformation (genetics)","level":3,"score":0.47151434421539307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79337645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q779824","display_name":"Outlier","level":2,"score":0.46314024925231934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.45639604330062866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108037233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11375","display_name":"Wireless network","level":3,"score":0.4411763846874237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.39571166038513184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.38324156403541565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3407265841960907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.31483709812164307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.10795161128044128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.09765860438346863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.07498306035995483},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/mahss.2005.1542869","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mahss.2005.1542869","pdf_url":null,"source":null,"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE International Conference on Mobile Adhoc and Sensor Systems Conference, 2005.","raw_type":"proceedings-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338281","display_name":"Army Research Office","ror":"https://ror.org/05epdh915"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W77057927","https://openalex.org/W1523600600","https://openalex.org/W1587760747","https://openalex.org/W1896250574","https://openalex.org/W1969456163","https://openalex.org/W2018093989","https://openalex.org/W2033751220","https://openalex.org/W2034702409","https://openalex.org/W2049058890","https://openalex.org/W2067086051","https://openalex.org/W2073595756","https://openalex.org/W2076022311","https://openalex.org/W2085922198","https://openalex.org/W2097311735","https://openalex.org/W2099817583","https://openalex.org/W2104532741","https://openalex.org/W2105666891","https://openalex.org/W2106261559","https://openalex.org/W2113894007","https://openalex.org/W2118487515","https://openalex.org/W2118891797","https://openalex.org/W2122690764","https://openalex.org/W2123574420","https://openalex.org/W2124280970","https://openalex.org/W2127699957","https://openalex.org/W2140372921","https://openalex.org/W2143229717","https://openalex.org/W2144981154","https://openalex.org/W2153343530","https://openalex.org/W2157123706","https://openalex.org/W2159219540","https://openalex.org/W2162218601","https://openalex.org/W2168138985","https://openalex.org/W2168452204","https://openalex.org/W2170715240","https://openalex.org/W3009147436","https://openalex.org/W4241413379","https://openalex.org/W4243554987","https://openalex.org/W4301808003","https://openalex.org/W6682810233","https://openalex.org/W6684049374"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2885105415","https://openalex.org/W2166939931","https://openalex.org/W4231087120","https://openalex.org/W2031096545","https://openalex.org/W2322793796","https://openalex.org/W2548702785","https://openalex.org/W1631301428","https://openalex.org/W2361721963","https://openalex.org/W1566366401","https://openalex.org/W2011874835"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"existing":[1],"time":[2,36,99],"synchronization":[3,37],"schemes":[4,115],"in":[5,13],"sensor":[6],"networks":[7],"were":[8],"not":[9],"designed":[10],"with":[11],"security":[12,20],"mind,":[14],"thus":[15],"leaving":[16],"them":[17],"vulnerable":[18],"to":[19,33,63,81,102],"attacks.":[21],"In":[22],"this":[23],"paper,":[24],"we":[25,59,108],"first":[26,71],"identify":[27],"various":[28],"attacks":[29],"that":[30],"are":[31],"effective":[32],"several":[34],"representative":[35],"schemes,":[38],"and":[39,65],"then":[40],"focus":[41],"on":[42],"a":[43,94,98],"specific":[44],"type":[45],"of":[46,112],"attack":[47],"called":[48],"delay":[49,68],"attack,":[50],"which":[51],"cannot":[52],"be":[53],"addressed":[54],"by":[55,86],"cryptographic":[56],"techniques.":[57],"Next":[58],"propose":[60],"two":[61,114],"approaches":[62],"detect":[64,82],"accommodate":[66],"the":[67,74,87,105,110],"attack.":[69],"Our":[70],"approach":[72,92],"uses":[73,93],"generalized":[75],"extreme":[76],"studentized":[77],"deviate":[78],"(GESD)":[79],"algorithm":[80],"multiple":[83],"outliers":[84],"introduced":[85],"compromised":[88],"nodes;":[89],"our":[90],"second":[91],"threshold":[95],"derived":[96],"using":[97],"transformation":[100],"technique":[101],"filter":[103],"out":[104],"outliers.":[106],"Finally":[107],"show":[109],"effectiveness":[111],"these":[113],"through":[116],"extensive":[117],"simulations":[118]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
