{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4321608523","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mahc.2023.3244258","title":"Interview of Ivan Sutherland","display_name":"Interview of Ivan Sutherland","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4321608523","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mahc.2023.3244258"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mahc.2023.3244258","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mahc.2023.3244258","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/85/10076845/10043004.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S118545620","display_name":"IEEE Annals of the History of Computing","issn_l":"1058-6180","issn":["1058-6180","1934-1547"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Annals of the History of Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"bronze","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/85/10076845/10043004.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113444358","display_name":"Robert F. Sproull","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I24603500","display_name":"University of Massachusetts Amherst","ror":"https://ror.org/0072zz521","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert Sproull","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I24603500"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037141880","display_name":"David C. Brock","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7277-7981"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1298119813","display_name":"Computer History Museum","ror":"https://ror.org/02kv35z70","country_code":"US","type":"archive","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1298119813"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David C. Brock","raw_affiliation_strings":["Computer History Museum, Mountain View, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Computer History Museum, Mountain View, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1298119813"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.0805,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81048256,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"45","issue":"1","first_page":"64","last_page":"76"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12720","display_name":"Multimedia Communication and Technology","score":0.8540999889373779,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12720","display_name":"Multimedia Communication and Technology","score":0.8540999889373779,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12162","display_name":"Cellular Automata and Applications","score":0.8184999823570251,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1703","display_name":"Computational Theory and Mathematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10715","display_name":"Distributed and Parallel Computing Systems","score":0.767799973487854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/corporation","display_name":"Corporation","score":0.5270759463310242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medal","display_name":"Medal","score":0.5004110336303711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.46207574009895325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/management","display_name":"Management","score":0.4400786757469177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/library-science","display_name":"Library science","score":0.41341888904571533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-graphics","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","score":0.36031320691108704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/art-history","display_name":"Art history","score":0.34212684631347656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.32753995060920715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/art","display_name":"Art","score":0.1759052276611328}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778348171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167037","display_name":"Corporation","level":2,"score":0.5270759463310242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777867650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131647","display_name":"Medal","level":2,"score":0.5004110336303711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.46207574009895325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.4400786757469177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161191863","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199655","display_name":"Library science","level":1,"score":0.41341888904571533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121684516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7600677","display_name":"Computer graphics (images)","level":1,"score":0.36031320691108704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52119013","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50637","display_name":"Art history","level":1,"score":0.34212684631347656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.32753995060920715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.1759052276611328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/mahc.2023.3244258","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mahc.2023.3244258","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/85/10076845/10043004.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S118545620","display_name":"IEEE Annals of the History of Computing","issn_l":"1058-6180","issn":["1058-6180","1934-1547"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Annals of the History of Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mahc.2023.3244258","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mahc.2023.3244258","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/85/10076845/10043004.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S118545620","display_name":"IEEE Annals of the History of Computing","issn_l":"1058-6180","issn":["1058-6180","1934-1547"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Annals of the History of Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.49000000953674316}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4321608523.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4321608523.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2915817708","https://openalex.org/W3025210399","https://openalex.org/W2993887332","https://openalex.org/W2025911571","https://openalex.org/W2039047710","https://openalex.org/W2133152590","https://openalex.org/W765270965","https://openalex.org/W2050260047","https://openalex.org/W4252383400"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Ivan":[0],"E.":[1],"Sutherland":[2,74,127,134,175],"was":[3,75,148],"born":[4],"in":[5,8,22,34,164],"Hastings,":[6],"Nebraska,":[7],"1938.":[9],"He":[10,197],"received":[11],"a":[12,32,50,108,137,149,199],"B.S.":[13],"degree":[14,27],"from":[15,28,37,145],"the":[16,78,84,96,115,124,153,168,184,190,202],"Carnegie":[17],"Institute":[18],"of":[19,77,83,110,117,139,152,170,201],"Technology":[20],"(1959)":[21],"electrical":[23,35],"engineering,":[24],"an":[25],"M.S.":[26],"Caltech":[29],"(1960),":[30],"and":[31,60,119,126,144,158,189],"Ph.D.":[33],"engineering":[36],"MIT":[38],"(1963).":[39],"Sutherland's":[40],"dissertation,":[41],"Sketchpad:":[42],"A":[43],"Man":[44],"Machine":[45],"Graphical":[46],"Communication":[47],"System,":[48],"described":[49],"groundbreaking":[51],"interactive":[52],"computer-aided":[53],"design":[54],"system,":[55],"one":[56],"whose":[57],"graceful":[58],"interaction":[59],"functionality":[61],"inspire":[62],"admiration":[63],"among":[64],"computer":[65,93,111,140],"graphics":[66,112],"professionals":[67],"even":[68],"today.":[69],"From":[70,130],"1964":[71],"to":[72,106,120,132,166],"1966,":[73],"director":[76],"Information":[79],"Processing":[80],"Techniques":[81],"Office":[82],"Advanced":[85],"Research":[86],"Projects":[87],"Agency":[88],"(ARPA),":[89],"where":[90],"he":[91,101],"guided":[92],"research":[94,113,173],"across":[95],"United":[97],"States.":[98],"In":[99],"1968,":[100],"joined":[102],"colleague":[103],"David":[104],"Evans":[105,125],"build":[107],"center":[109],"at":[114,142],"University":[116],"Utah":[118],"found":[121],"with":[122],"him":[123],"Computer":[128,203],"Corporation.":[129],"1976":[131],"1980,":[133],"served":[135],"as":[136],"Chairman":[138],"science":[141],"Caltech,":[143],"1980":[146],"onwards,":[147],"Vice":[150],"President":[151],"consulting":[154],"firm":[155],"Sutherland,":[156],"Sproull":[157],"Associates,":[159],"acquired":[160],"by":[161],"Sun":[162],"Microsystems":[163],"1990":[165],"form":[167],"basis":[169],"its":[171],"corporate":[172],"laboratory.":[174],"has":[176],"won":[177],"many":[178],"awards":[179],"for":[180],"his":[181],"work,":[182],"including":[183],"ACM":[185],"Turing":[186],"Award":[187],"(1988)":[188],"IEEE":[191],"John":[192],"von":[193],"Neumann":[194],"Medal":[195],"(1998).":[196],"is":[198],"Fellow":[200],"History":[204],"Museum.":[205]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
