{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2990858421","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mahc.2019.2922909","title":"The Spring of Artificial Intelligence in Its Global Winter","display_name":"The Spring of Artificial Intelligence in Its Global Winter","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-10-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2990858421","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mahc.2019.2922909","mag":"2990858421"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/mahc.2019.2922909","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mahc.2019.2922909","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S118545620","display_name":"IEEE Annals of the History of Computing","issn_l":"1058-6180","issn":["1058-6180","1934-1547"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Annals of the History of Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000470066","display_name":"Youjung Shin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8345-7150"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Youjung Shin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8345-7150","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5000470066"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.6174,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74281379,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"41","issue":"4","first_page":"71","last_page":"82"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14369","display_name":"Diverse Interdisciplinary Research Innovations","score":0.6215000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14369","display_name":"Diverse Interdisciplinary Research Innovations","score":0.6215000152587891,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spring","display_name":"Spring (device)","score":0.7238374352455139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/narrative","display_name":"Narrative","score":0.5311837196350098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/period","display_name":"Period (music)","score":0.4644849896430969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.44890445470809937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/history","display_name":"History","score":0.38171303272247314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.38146302103996277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3252113461494446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/management","display_name":"Management","score":0.32396864891052246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linguistics","display_name":"Linguistics","score":0.15288692712783813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/art","display_name":"Art","score":0.10123640298843384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.09122180938720703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-engineering","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","score":0.08836987614631653}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778712887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102836","display_name":"Spring (device)","level":2,"score":0.7238374352455139},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199033989","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1318295","display_name":"Narrative","level":2,"score":0.5311837196350098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781291010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178580","display_name":"Period (music)","level":2,"score":0.4644849896430969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.44890445470809937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95457728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q309","display_name":"History","level":0,"score":0.38171303272247314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.38146302103996277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3252113461494446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187736073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2920921","display_name":"Management","level":1,"score":0.32396864891052246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.15288692712783813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.10123640298843384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.09122180938720703},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.08836987614631653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107038049","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35986","display_name":"Aesthetics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/mahc.2019.2922909","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/mahc.2019.2922909","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S118545620","display_name":"IEEE Annals of the History of Computing","issn_l":"1058-6180","issn":["1058-6180","1934-1547"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Annals of the History of Computing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","score":0.6299999952316284,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W114888028","https://openalex.org/W568878389","https://openalex.org/W1731872348","https://openalex.org/W1836211100","https://openalex.org/W1983773952","https://openalex.org/W2066908954","https://openalex.org/W2091036968","https://openalex.org/W2121260740","https://openalex.org/W2134169584","https://openalex.org/W2475558919","https://openalex.org/W2620311882","https://openalex.org/W2774126965","https://openalex.org/W2911429910","https://openalex.org/W2954186683","https://openalex.org/W2970948180","https://openalex.org/W3020750790","https://openalex.org/W4232431418","https://openalex.org/W4296644682","https://openalex.org/W6776874819"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2808213426","https://openalex.org/W2016759238","https://openalex.org/W2807711811","https://openalex.org/W2348886128","https://openalex.org/W2808279233","https://openalex.org/W2388067091","https://openalex.org/W2367656648","https://openalex.org/W1978394698","https://openalex.org/W2808192315","https://openalex.org/W2350200549"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Against":[0],"the":[1,5,16,25,34,40,46,57],"dominant":[2],"narrative":[3],"of":[4,7,51],"history":[6],"artificial":[8],"intelligence":[9],"(AI),":[10],"this":[11],"paper":[12],"shows":[13],"how,":[14],"during":[15],"period":[17],"considered":[18],"to":[19,44],"be":[20],"second":[21],"global":[22],"winter":[23],"(1987\u20131993),":[24],"AI":[26,52],"field":[27],"experienced":[28],"spring":[29],"in":[30,53,56],"South":[31,54],"Korea.":[32],"Putting":[33],"Korean":[35],"language":[36],"processing":[37],"problem":[38],"at":[39],"center,":[41],"researchers":[42],"began":[43],"lay":[45],"intellectual":[47],"and":[48],"social":[49],"foundation":[50],"Korea":[55],"late":[58],"1980s.":[59]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-08T15:41:06.802602","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
