{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7160889445","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2026.3691730","title":"Pattern Design for Calibration of Beyond-Diagonal Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface","display_name":"Pattern Design for Calibration of Beyond-Diagonal Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7160889445","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2026.3691730"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lwc.2026.3691730","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2026.3691730","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2500830676","display_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","issn_l":"2162-2337","issn":["2162-2337","2162-2345"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135911347","display_name":"Wei Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7607-9235"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210147322","display_name":"Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04nytyj38","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210147322"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology and the Science and Technology on Micro-System Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7607-9235","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology and the Science and Technology on Micro-System Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210147322"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135913070","display_name":"Ding Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4284-6741"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210147322","display_name":"Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04nytyj38","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210147322"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ding Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology and the Science and Technology on Micro-System Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4284-6741","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology and the Science and Technology on Micro-System Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210147322"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5135996835","display_name":"Bin Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6245-1081"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210147322","display_name":"Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04nytyj38","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210147322"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bin Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology and the Science and Technology on Micro-System Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6245-1081","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology and the Science and Technology on Micro-System Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210147322"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031386345","display_name":"Y ZHAO","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210147322","display_name":"Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04nytyj38","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210147322"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology and the Science and Technology on Micro-System Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0747-5119","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology and the Science and Technology on Micro-System Laboratory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210147322"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210147322"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79035602,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":null,"first_page":"3084","last_page":"3088"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11383","display_name":"Advanced Antenna and Metasurface Technologies","score":0.08150000125169754,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11383","display_name":"Advanced Antenna and Metasurface Technologies","score":0.08150000125169754,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.06920000165700912,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.031599998474121094,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calibration","display_name":"Calibration","score":0.6460000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surface","display_name":"Surface (topology)","score":0.44530001282691956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-analysis","display_name":"Pattern analysis","score":0.4083999991416931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm-design","display_name":"Algorithm design","score":0.2754000127315521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.27090001106262207}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165838908","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q736777","display_name":"Calibration","level":2,"score":0.6460000276565552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.628000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776799497","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q484298","display_name":"Surface (topology)","level":2,"score":0.44530001282691956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2985264313","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q378859","display_name":"Pattern analysis","level":2,"score":0.4083999991416931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.35409998893737793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3179999887943268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.30379998683929443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106516650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm design","level":2,"score":0.2754000127315521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.27090001106262207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.2646999955177307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104267543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q208163","display_name":"Signal processing","level":3,"score":0.2632000148296356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.25619998574256897}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lwc.2026.3691730","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2026.3691730","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2500830676","display_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","issn_l":"2162-2337","issn":["2162-2337","2162-2345"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,87],"beyond-diagonal":[1],"reconfigurable":[2],"intelligent":[3],"surface":[4],"(BD-RIS)":[5],"has":[6],"emerged":[7],"as":[8,97],"a":[9,55,71],"RIS":[10],"2.0":[11],"technology":[12],"for":[13],"more":[14],"flexibility":[15],"to":[16,23,36,45,79],"design":[17],"passive":[18],"beam":[19,73,108],"patterns,":[20],"but":[21],"due":[22],"manufacture":[24],"error":[25],"and":[26,41,59],"device":[27],"aging,":[28],"the":[29,37,60,81,84,91,94,98,106,120],"elements":[30],"of":[31,39,83,93,105,115,119],"BD-RIS":[32,56,85],"may":[33],"be":[34,46],"subject":[35],"deviations":[38],"amplitude":[40],"phase,":[42],"which":[43,70],"need":[44],"calibrated":[47],"periodically.":[48],"To":[49],"this":[50,52],"end,":[51],"paper":[53],"formulates":[54],"calibration":[57],"problem,":[58],"corresponding":[61],"Cram\u00e9r":[62],"Rao":[63],"Bound":[64],"(CRB)":[65],"is":[66,77],"derived,":[67],"based":[68],"on":[69],"novel":[72],"pattern":[74],"optimization":[75],"method":[76],"proposed":[78,95],"enhance":[80],"accuracy":[82],"calibration.":[86],"simulation":[88],"results":[89],"verify":[90],"effectiveness":[92],"algorithm":[96],"root":[99],"normalized":[100],"mean":[101],"square":[102],"errors":[103],"(RNMSEs)":[104],"optimized":[107],"patterns":[109],"can":[110],"offer":[111],"over":[112],"20dB":[113],"gain":[114],"SNR":[116],"than":[117],"that":[118],"randomly":[121],"generated":[122],"patterns.":[123]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-05-16T06:04:12.930555","created_date":"2026-05-13T00:00:00"}
