{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7133353523","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2026.3670167","title":"On Channel Estimation for Group-Connected Beyond Diagonal RIS-Assisted Multi-User MIMO Communication","display_name":"On Channel Estimation for Group-Connected Beyond Diagonal RIS-Assisted Multi-User MIMO Communication","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7133353523","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2026.3670167"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lwc.2026.3670167","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2026.3670167","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2500830676","display_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","issn_l":"2162-2337","issn":["2162-2337","2162-2345"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5128085376","display_name":"Rui Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rui Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5937-5876","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024843689","display_name":"Junyuan Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6108-336X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junyuan Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005000898","display_name":"Shuowen Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4511-4154"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuowen Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4511-4154","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5122938526","display_name":"Bruno Clerckx","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I47508984","display_name":"Imperial College London","ror":"https://ror.org/041kmwe10","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bruno Clerckx","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Imperial College London, London, U.K"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5949-6459","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Imperial College London, London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I47508984"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5128067591","display_name":"Liang Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I14243506","display_name":"Hong Kong Polytechnic University","ror":"https://ror.org/0030zas98","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liang Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6509-9609","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, SAR, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I14243506"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2645,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2645},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.5155,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86766165,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":null,"first_page":"2055","last_page":"2059"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.5020999908447266,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10148","display_name":"Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization","score":0.5020999908447266,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.17350000143051147,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.09870000183582306,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mimo","display_name":"MIMO","score":0.7330999970436096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.6966999769210815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.6736999750137329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precoding","display_name":"Precoding","score":0.6104999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","score":0.6013000011444092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/base-station","display_name":"Base station","score":0.5857999920845032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diagonal","display_name":"Diagonal","score":0.565500020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications-link","display_name":"Telecommunications link","score":0.5454999804496765}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207987634","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176862","display_name":"MIMO","level":3,"score":0.7330999970436096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7177000045776367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.6966999769210815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.6736999750137329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160562895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7239557","display_name":"Precoding","level":4,"score":0.6104999780654907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.6013000011444092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.5857999920845032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130367717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189791","display_name":"Diagonal","level":2,"score":0.565500020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138660444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5607897","display_name":"Telecommunications link","level":2,"score":0.5454999804496765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.49219998717308044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185798385","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1161707","display_name":"Benchmark (surveying)","level":2,"score":0.4625999927520752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.45969998836517334},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62191587","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4771249","display_name":"Antenna array","level":3,"score":0.39590001106262207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99844830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102441924","display_name":"Scaling","level":2,"score":0.38339999318122864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.36649999022483826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91330434","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q738298","display_name":"Multi-user MIMO","level":4,"score":0.36169999837875366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.3303000032901764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776096036","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1140483","display_name":"Narrowband","level":2,"score":0.30379998683929443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2745000123977661},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167928553","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1376021","display_name":"Estimation theory","level":2,"score":0.26829999685287476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113775141","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q428691","display_name":"Computer engineering","level":1,"score":0.2653000056743622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143635782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1187868","display_name":"Smart antenna","level":4,"score":0.25189998745918274}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lwc.2026.3670167","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2026.3670167","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2500830676","display_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","issn_l":"2162-2337","issn":["2162-2337","2162-2345"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7459745449","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62471421","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":11,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2968810373","https://openalex.org/W3039402952","https://openalex.org/W3194854077","https://openalex.org/W4221160263","https://openalex.org/W4321770460","https://openalex.org/W4388624562","https://openalex.org/W4400352266","https://openalex.org/W4408934885","https://openalex.org/W4409156720","https://openalex.org/W4410343030","https://openalex.org/W4415933736"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Beyond":[0],"diagonal":[1,13],"reconfigurable":[2],"intelligent":[3],"surface":[4],"(BD-RIS)":[5],"architectures":[6],"offer":[7],"superior":[8],"beamforming":[9],"gain":[10,28],"over":[11],"conventional":[12],"RISs.":[14],"However,":[15],"the":[16,21,26,60,89,97,100,117,120,138,147,150],"channel":[17,62,101,113],"estimation":[18,102,114,170],"overhead":[19],"is":[20,72],"main":[22],"hurdle":[23],"for":[24,36,124,141,153],"reaping":[25],"above":[27],"in":[29,129],"practice.":[30],"This":[31,93],"letter":[32],"addresses":[33],"this":[34,106],"issue":[35],"group-connected":[37],"BD-RIS":[38,58,70,85],"aided":[39],"uplink":[40],"communication":[41],"from":[42],"multiple":[43],"multi-antenna":[44,48],"users":[45],"to":[46,88,177],"one":[47,65,69],"base":[49],"station":[50],"(BS).":[51],"We":[52],"first":[53,118],"reveal":[54],"that":[55,77,163],"within":[56],"each":[57],"group,":[59],"cascaded":[61,122],"associated":[63,78],"with":[64,79,172],"user":[66,82,156],"antenna":[67,83],"and":[68,84],"element":[71,86],"a":[73,142],"scaled":[74],"version":[75],"of":[76,99],"any":[80],"other":[81],"due":[87],"common":[90,133],"RIS-BS":[91],"channel.":[92],"insight":[94],"drastically":[95],"reduces":[96],"dimensionality":[98],"problem.":[103],"Building":[104],"on":[105,132],"property,":[107],"we":[108],"propose":[109],"an":[110],"efficient":[111],"two-phase":[112],"protocol.":[115],"In":[116,146],"phase,":[119,149],"reference":[121,144],"channels":[123],"all":[125,154],"groups":[126],"are":[127,158],"estimated":[128],"parallel":[130],"based":[131],"received":[134],"signals":[135,175],"while":[136],"determining":[137],"scaling":[139,151],"coefficients":[140,152],"single":[143],"antenna.":[145],"second":[148],"remaining":[155],"antennas":[157],"estimated.":[159],"Numerical":[160],"results":[161],"demonstrate":[162],"our":[164],"proposed":[165],"framework":[166],"achieves":[167],"substantially":[168],"lower":[169],"error":[171],"fewer":[173],"pilot":[174],"compared":[176],"state-of-the-art":[178],"benchmark":[179],"schemes.":[180]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2026-03-01T00:00:00"}