{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7131380652","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2026.3668089","title":"On Performance of FRIS-Enabled Uplink NOMA","display_name":"On Performance of FRIS-Enabled Uplink NOMA","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7131380652","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2026.3668089"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lwc.2026.3668089","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2026.3668089","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2500830676","display_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","issn_l":"2162-2337","issn":["2162-2337","2162-2345"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038625483","display_name":"Mohd Hamza Naim Shaikh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1869-0009"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mohd Hamza Naim Shaikh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University College London, London, U.K"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University College London, London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5121707293","display_name":"Kai Kit Wong","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kai-Kit Wong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University College London, London, U.K"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University College London, London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046756811","display_name":"Farshad Rostami Ghadi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I45129253","display_name":"University College London","ror":"https://ror.org/02jx3x895","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I124357947","https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Farshad Rostami Ghadi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University College London, London, U.K"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University College London, London, U.K","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126810428","display_name":"Chan-Byoung Chae","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193775966","display_name":"Yonsei University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wjejq96","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chan-Byoung Chae","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Integrated Technology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Integrated Technology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084553584","display_name":"Y. Y. Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210087919","display_name":"Kuang-Chi (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/002thpc56","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210087919"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yangyang Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Kuang-Chi Science Ltd., Hong Kong, SAR, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Kuang-Chi Science Ltd., Hong Kong, SAR, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210087919"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5038625483"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I45129253"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.55438658,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":null,"first_page":"1976","last_page":"1980"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9907000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9907000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12079","display_name":"IoT Networks and Protocols","score":0.00279999990016222,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11873","display_name":"PAPR reduction in OFDM","score":0.0013000000035390258,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications-link","display_name":"Telecommunications link","score":0.8349999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reconfigurability","display_name":"Reconfigurability","score":0.8090000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noma","display_name":"Noma","score":0.6779999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality-of-service","display_name":"Quality of service","score":0.5449000000953674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flexibility","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","score":0.5403000116348267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/throughput","display_name":"Throughput","score":0.5199000239372253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.48919999599456787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/antenna","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","score":0.4244999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/degrees-of-freedom","display_name":"Degrees of freedom (physics and chemistry)","score":0.40959998965263367}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138660444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5607897","display_name":"Telecommunications link","level":2,"score":0.8349999785423279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780149590","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7302742","display_name":"Reconfigurability","level":2,"score":0.8090000152587891},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7189000248908997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775918612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q994794","display_name":"Noma","level":3,"score":0.6779999732971191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5119721","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q220501","display_name":"Quality of service","level":2,"score":0.5449000000953674},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780598303","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q65921492","display_name":"Flexibility (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.5403000116348267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157764524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383412","display_name":"Throughput","level":3,"score":0.5199000239372253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.48919999599456787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.4244999885559082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C208081375","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q274502","display_name":"Degrees of freedom (physics and chemistry)","level":2,"score":0.40959998965263367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.4065000116825104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65422117","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q358527","display_name":"Transmitter power output","level":4,"score":0.4002000093460083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68649174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1379116","display_name":"Base station","level":2,"score":0.396699994802475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.367900013923645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.3614000082015991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198082294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3399648","display_name":"Position (finance)","level":2,"score":0.3287999927997589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.32839998602867126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108037233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11375","display_name":"Wireless network","level":3,"score":0.3264000117778778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.2985000014305115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.29440000653266907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101765175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q577764","display_name":"Communications system","level":2,"score":0.2689000070095062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.26330000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143635782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1187868","display_name":"Smart antenna","level":4,"score":0.2632000148296356},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13944312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512748","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","level":2,"score":0.2603999972343445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137246740","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q583970","display_name":"Spectral efficiency","level":3,"score":0.25850000977516174},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778140939","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3494197","display_name":"Space-division multiple access","level":3,"score":0.25540000200271606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32022120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q797225","display_name":"Interference (communication)","level":3,"score":0.25220000743865967}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lwc.2026.3668089","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2026.3668089","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2500830676","display_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","issn_l":"2162-2337","issn":["2162-2337","2162-2345"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":10,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W4285196564","https://openalex.org/W4404410614","https://openalex.org/W4405563700","https://openalex.org/W4412375151","https://openalex.org/W4412404465","https://openalex.org/W4413630521","https://openalex.org/W4414165981","https://openalex.org/W4414648714","https://openalex.org/W4416214945","https://openalex.org/W7117890012"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,93],"fluid":[1,25],"antenna":[2],"system":[3],"(FAS)":[4],"introduces":[5],"reconfigurability":[6],"in":[7,181],"both":[8],"position":[9],"and":[10,77,85,143,170,178],"geometry,":[11],"offering":[12],"new":[13],"degrees":[14],"of":[15,89],"freedom":[16],"(DoFs)":[17],"for":[18,125],"future":[19],"wireless":[20],"networks.":[21],"Extending":[22],"this":[23],"concept,":[24],"reconfigurable":[26,53],"intelligent":[27,54],"surfaces":[28],"(FRIS)":[29],"enable":[30],"each":[31],"reflecting":[32],"element":[33],"to":[34],"dynamically":[35],"reposition":[36],"within":[37],"a":[38,43,103,112,129,149],"local":[39],"subregion":[40],"while":[41,124],"applying":[42],"tunable":[44],"phase":[45],"shift,":[46],"providing":[47],"significantly":[48,165],"greater":[49],"flexibility":[50],"than":[51],"conventional":[52,167],"surface":[55],"(RIS)":[56],"architectures.":[57],"This":[58],"letter":[59],"proposes":[60],"an":[61],"FRIS-assisted":[62,182],"uplink":[63,162],"non-orthogonal":[64],"multiple":[65],"access":[66],"(NOMA)":[67],"multiuser":[68],"communication":[69],"framework":[70],"that":[71,158],"jointly":[72],"maximizes":[73],"the":[74,78,134,140,145,159],"sum":[75,175],"rate":[76],"minimum":[79],"user":[80],"rate,":[81,176],"thereby":[82],"balancing":[83],"throughput":[84],"fairness":[86],"under":[87],"quality":[88],"service":[90],"(QoS)":[91],"constraints.":[92],"resulting":[94],"mixed-integer,":[95],"non-convex":[96],"optimization":[97],"problems":[98],"are":[99],"efficiently":[100],"addressed":[101],"through":[102],"lightweight":[104],"alternating-optimization":[105],"(AO)":[106],"algorithm.":[107],"For":[108],"fixed":[109,126],"FRIS":[110],"coefficients,":[111],"triangular":[113],"feasibility":[114,180],"test":[115],"with":[116],"backward":[117],"recursion":[118],"yields":[119],"closed-form":[120],"NOMA":[121,163],"power":[122],"updates,":[123],"transmit":[127],"powers,":[128],"majorization-minimization":[130],"(MM)":[131],"step":[132],"selects":[133],"top-<italic":[135],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[136,151],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">S</i>":[137],"entries":[138],"along":[139],"ascent":[141],"direction":[142],"projects":[144],"optimized":[146],"phases":[147],"onto":[148],"<italic":[150],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">b</i>-bit":[152],"unit":[153],"circle.":[154],"Our":[155],"results":[156],"confirm":[157],"proposed":[160],"FRIS-enabled":[161],"design":[164],"outperforms":[166],"RIS-based":[168],"baselines,":[169],"reveal":[171],"fundamental":[172],"trade-offs":[173],"among":[174],"fairness,":[177],"QoS":[179],"systems.":[183]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2026-02-26T00:00:00"}
