{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7116766820","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2025.3646864","title":"Backscatter-Assisted High-Speed Rail Communications in Straight Tunnel Environments: Effects of Tag Number and Phase Control","display_name":"Backscatter-Assisted High-Speed Rail Communications in Straight Tunnel Environments: Effects of Tag Number and Phase Control","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-12-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7116766820","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2025.3646864"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lwc.2025.3646864","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2025.3646864","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2500830676","display_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","issn_l":"2162-2337","issn":["2162-2337","2162-2345"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114880730","display_name":"Mu Yunping","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yunping Mu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Engineering Research Center of Network Management Technology for High Speed Railway, Ministry of Education, School of Computer and Information Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Engineering Research Center of Network Management Technology for High Speed Railway, Ministry of Education, School of Computer and Information Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5095854873","display_name":"Gongpu WANG","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gongpu Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Engineering Research Center of Network Management Technology for High Speed Railway, Ministry of Education, School of Computer and Information Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Engineering Research Center of Network Management Technology for High Speed Railway, Ministry of Education, School of Computer and Information Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004375998","display_name":"Ruisi He","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruisi He","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5120966358","display_name":"Theodoros A. Tsiftsis","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145722265","display_name":"University of Thessaly","ror":"https://ror.org/04v4g9h31","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145722265"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Theodoros A. Tsiftsis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Informatics and Telecommunications, University of Thessaly, Lamia, Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Informatics and Telecommunications, University of Thessaly, Lamia, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145722265"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5121003596","display_name":"Saman Atapattu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82951845","display_name":"RMIT University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ttjf776","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82951845"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saman Atapattu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82951845"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114219786","display_name":"C. Tellambura","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154425047","display_name":"University of Alberta","ror":"https://ror.org/0160cpw27","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chintha Tellambura","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5114880730"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.57745743,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":null,"first_page":"1160","last_page":"1164"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9199000000953674,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11392","display_name":"Energy Harvesting in Wireless Networks","score":0.9199000000953674,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10246","display_name":"Mobile Ad Hoc Networks","score":0.01510000042617321,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10936","display_name":"Millimeter-Wave Propagation and Modeling","score":0.011800000444054604,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/backscatter","display_name":"Backscatter (email)","score":0.7495999932289124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.6376000046730042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automatic-gain-control","display_name":"Automatic gain control","score":0.4846999943256378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase","display_name":"Phase (matter)","score":0.4553000032901764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gaussian","display_name":"Gaussian","score":0.4381999969482422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/communications-system","display_name":"Communications system","score":0.426800012588501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-to-noise-ratio","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","score":0.36399999260902405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wireless","display_name":"Wireless","score":0.34779998660087585}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30354325","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204667","display_name":"Backscatter (email)","level":3,"score":0.7495999932289124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6581000089645386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.6376000046730042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177502760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q782524","display_name":"Automatic gain control","level":4,"score":0.4846999943256378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.47920000553131104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44280652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104837","display_name":"Phase (matter)","level":2,"score":0.4553000032901764},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163716315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q901177","display_name":"Gaussian","level":2,"score":0.4381999969482422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101765175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q577764","display_name":"Communications system","level":2,"score":0.426800012588501},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13944312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512748","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","level":2,"score":0.36399999260902405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3499000072479248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.34779998660087585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.33239999413490295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105339364","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2297740","display_name":"Software deployment","level":2,"score":0.33180001378059387},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31243852","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1666739","display_name":"Stochastic geometry","level":2,"score":0.3280999958515167},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778258436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30672262","display_name":"Outage probability","level":4,"score":0.31869998574256897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186378180","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4874866","display_name":"Phase-shift keying","level":4,"score":0.3179999887943268},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779843651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7390335","display_name":"SIGNAL (programming language)","level":2,"score":0.3149999976158142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.3010999858379364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201080289","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5156587","display_name":"Complex normal distribution","level":3,"score":0.2752000093460083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157764524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383412","display_name":"Throughput","level":3,"score":0.26339998841285706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.25839999318122864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129404179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1469765","display_name":"Optical communication","level":2,"score":0.2572999894618988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97744766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q870845","display_name":"Channel capacity","level":3,"score":0.25029999017715454}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lwc.2025.3646864","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2025.3646864","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2500830676","display_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","issn_l":"2162-2337","issn":["2162-2337","2162-2345"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4709782004356384,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2008562598","https://openalex.org/W2073147814","https://openalex.org/W2138890522","https://openalex.org/W2913295129","https://openalex.org/W3039326603","https://openalex.org/W3051112237","https://openalex.org/W3127541204","https://openalex.org/W4200544708","https://openalex.org/W4319993378","https://openalex.org/W4388206720","https://openalex.org/W4396782909","https://openalex.org/W4399331547","https://openalex.org/W4401163080","https://openalex.org/W4403636192","https://openalex.org/W4404847689"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Backscatter":[0],"communication":[1,49,138],"is":[2,67],"a":[3,34],"promising":[4],"technology":[5],"to":[6,86,107],"enhance":[7],"the":[8,13,22,44,60,63,70,81,99,103,108,113,133],"signal":[9],"strength":[10],"received":[11],"by":[12,79],"receiver":[14],"in":[15,39,53,140],"straight":[16,54],"tunnel":[17,141],"environments.":[18,142],"The":[19,90],"impact":[20],"of":[21,24,47,102,115,136],"number":[23,114],"tags":[25,52,96,116],"and":[26,75,83],"their":[27],"phase":[28,77,110],"adjustment":[29],"on":[30],"system":[31],"performance":[32],"remains":[33],"challenging":[35],"issue":[36],"though.":[37],"Therefore,":[38],"this":[40],"paper,":[41],"we":[42,58],"investigate":[43],"channel":[45,100],"gain":[46,66,101],"backscatter-assisted":[48],"with":[50],"multiple":[51],"tunnels.":[55],"In":[56],"particular,":[57],"derive":[59,87],"probabilities":[61],"that":[62,94],"backscatter":[64,104,137],"link":[65,72],"greater":[68],"than":[69],"direct":[71],"under":[73],"adjustable":[74],"random":[76,109],"assumptions":[78],"applying":[80],"Gaussian":[82],"Gamma":[84],"approximations":[85],"tractable":[88],"expressions.":[89],"simulation":[91],"results":[92],"show":[93],"phase-adjustable":[95],"significantly":[97],"improve":[98],"links":[105],"compared":[106],"case.":[111],"Moreover,":[112],"has":[117],"an":[118,122],"upper":[119],"threshold":[120],"for":[121,132],"effective":[123],"tag":[124],"deployment":[125],"pattern.":[126],"These":[127],"insights":[128],"provide":[129],"valuable":[130],"guidelines":[131],"efficient":[134],"design":[135],"systems":[139]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-02-23T20:09:44.859080","created_date":"2025-12-22T00:00:00"}
