{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4414757942","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2025.3617114","title":"Efficient Grant-Free Uplink NOMA With Multi-IRS and Sidelink Relays for IIoT-Driven Smart Factories","display_name":"Efficient Grant-Free Uplink NOMA With Multi-IRS and Sidelink Relays for IIoT-Driven Smart Factories","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-10-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4414757942","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2025.3617114"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lwc.2025.3617114","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2025.3617114","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2500830676","display_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","issn_l":"2162-2337","issn":["2162-2337","2162-2345"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114539165","display_name":"Yukti Kaura","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9067-1972"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I68891433","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Delhi","ror":"https://ror.org/049tgcd06","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I68891433"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yukti Kaura","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bharti School of Telecommunication Technology and Management, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, India","Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Bharti School of Telecommunication Technology and Management, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9067-1972","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bharti School of Telecommunication Technology and Management, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68891433"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Bharti School of Telecommunication Technology and Management, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68891433"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091172644","display_name":"Justin Jose","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6864-1224"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I68891433","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Delhi","ror":"https://ror.org/049tgcd06","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I68891433"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Justin Jose","raw_affiliation_strings":["Bharti School of Telecommunication Technology and Management, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, India","Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Bharti School of Telecommunication Technology and Management, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6864-1224","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Bharti School of Telecommunication Technology and Management, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68891433"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Bharti School of Telecommunication Technology and Management, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68891433"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066116024","display_name":"Brejesh Lall","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2677-3071"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I68891433","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Delhi","ror":"https://ror.org/049tgcd06","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I68891433"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brejesh Lall","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2677-3071","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68891433"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041985939","display_name":"Ranjan K. Mallik","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0210-5282"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I68891433","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Delhi","ror":"https://ror.org/049tgcd06","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I68891433"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ranjan K. Mallik","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0210-5282","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68891433"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086991902","display_name":"Amit Singhal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4010-6614"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36090812","display_name":"Netaji Subhas University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01fczmh85","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36090812"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amit Singhal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Netaji Subhas University of Technology, Sector 3 Dwarka, New Delhi, India","Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Netaji Subhas University of Technology, New Delhi, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4010-6614","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Netaji Subhas University of Technology, Sector 3 Dwarka, New Delhi, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36090812"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Netaji Subhas University of Technology, New Delhi, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36090812"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050580025","display_name":"Vimal Bhatia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5148-6643"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I64295750","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Indore","ror":"https://ror.org/01hhf7w52","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I64295750"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Vimal Bhatia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, India","Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of technology Indore, Indore, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I64295750"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of technology Indore, Indore, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I64295750"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4626,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.68264052,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":null,"first_page":"21","last_page":"25"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11458","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9947999715805054,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13052","display_name":"Molecular Communication and Nanonetworks","score":0.9713000059127808,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications-link","display_name":"Telecommunications link","score":0.6689000129699707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noma","display_name":"Noma","score":0.6560999751091003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource-allocation","display_name":"Resource allocation","score":0.5453000068664551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectral-efficiency","display_name":"Spectral efficiency","score":0.5098999738693237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-swarm-optimization","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","score":0.5011000037193298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource-management","display_name":"Resource management (computing)","score":0.4625999927520752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fading","display_name":"Fading","score":0.4293000102043152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/throughput","display_name":"Throughput","score":0.3928999900817871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/signal-to-noise-ratio","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","score":0.3833000063896179}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.77920001745224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138660444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5607897","display_name":"Telecommunications link","level":2,"score":0.6689000129699707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775918612","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q994794","display_name":"Noma","level":3,"score":0.6560999751091003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29202148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287260","display_name":"Resource allocation","level":2,"score":0.5453000068664551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137246740","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q583970","display_name":"Spectral efficiency","level":3,"score":0.5098999738693237},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85617194","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2072794","display_name":"Particle swarm optimization","level":2,"score":0.5011000037193298},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780609101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17156588","display_name":"Resource management (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4625999927520752},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.4537000060081482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81978471","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1196572","display_name":"Fading","level":3,"score":0.4293000102043152},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157764524","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1383412","display_name":"Throughput","level":3,"score":0.3928999900817871},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13944312","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512748","display_name":"Signal-to-noise ratio (imaging)","level":2,"score":0.3833000063896179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120314980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180634","display_name":"Distributed computing","level":1,"score":0.38199999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101765175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q577764","display_name":"Communications system","level":2,"score":0.34139999747276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.3271999955177307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778156585","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174053","display_name":"Relay","level":3,"score":0.325300008058548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206345919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20380951","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","level":2,"score":0.31769999861717224},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C179799912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205084","display_name":"Computational complexity theory","level":2,"score":0.3147999942302704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.2851000130176544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.28459998965263367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778258436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q30672262","display_name":"Outage probability","level":4,"score":0.2791999876499176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168292644","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10860336","display_name":"Power optimization","level":4,"score":0.27160000801086426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32022120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q797225","display_name":"Interference (communication)","level":3,"score":0.26750001311302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95491727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q992968","display_name":"Mobile telephony","level":3,"score":0.258899986743927},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153646914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q535695","display_name":"Cellular network","level":2,"score":0.25870001316070557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40409654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q375889","display_name":"Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing","level":3,"score":0.2515000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10558101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q689855","display_name":"Smart grid","level":2,"score":0.2513999938964844}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lwc.2025.3617114","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2025.3617114","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2500830676","display_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","issn_l":"2162-2337","issn":["2162-2337","2162-2345"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2081749411","https://openalex.org/W2896837988","https://openalex.org/W3020513938","https://openalex.org/W3043220753","https://openalex.org/W3139502571","https://openalex.org/W4200294803","https://openalex.org/W4205091231","https://openalex.org/W4205940831","https://openalex.org/W4226220149","https://openalex.org/W4285283308","https://openalex.org/W4381735824","https://openalex.org/W4391407035"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Industry":[0],"5.0":[1],"requires":[2],"advanced":[3],"communication":[4,17,97],"systems":[5,11],"to":[6,45,75],"enable":[7],"smart":[8],"factories.":[9],"These":[10],"must":[12],"ensure":[13],"seamless":[14],"and":[15,40,49,64,125],"resilient":[16],"alongwith":[18],"efficient":[19],"resource":[20],"management.":[21],"To":[22],"address":[23],"this,":[24],"we":[25],"propose":[26],"a":[27,116],"system":[28],"model":[29],"integrating":[30],"intelligent":[31],"reflecting":[32],"surfaces":[33],"(IRSs),":[34],"grant-free":[35],"non-orthogonal":[36],"multiple":[37,68],"access":[38],"(GF-NOMA),":[39],"full-duplex":[41],"(FD)":[42],"sidelink":[43],"relays":[44],"enhance":[46],"reliability,":[47],"connectivity":[48],"spectral":[50],"efficiency.":[51],"A":[52],"dynamic":[53],"penalty-based":[54],"particle":[55],"swarm":[56],"optimization":[57],"(DYN-P-PSO)":[58],"method":[59],"is":[60],"adopted":[61],"for":[62],"power":[63],"phase-shift":[65],"allocation":[66],"across":[67],"IRSs,":[69],"under":[70],"Nakagami-m":[71],"fading":[72],"conditions":[73],"aiming":[74],"maximize":[76],"the":[77,82,88,112],"sum":[78,118],"rate":[79,119],"of":[80,90],"all":[81],"devices.":[83,107],"The":[84,108],"study":[85],"also":[86],"investigates":[87],"impact":[89],"IRS":[91],"positioning,":[92],"providing":[93],"insight":[94],"into":[95],"improving":[96],"in":[98],"industrial":[99],"internet-of-things":[100],"(IIoT)":[101],"deployments":[102],"with":[103],"reduced":[104],"capability":[105],"(RedCap)":[106],"results":[109],"show":[110],"that":[111],"proposed":[113],"approach":[114],"achieves":[115],"significant":[117],"gain":[120],"upto":[121],"\u224870%":[122],"over":[123],"conventional":[124],"comparable":[126],"schemes.":[127]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-12-21T01:58:51.020947","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
