{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4414463393","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2025.3613930","title":"Relay-Aided Physical Layer Security in Multi-Eavesdropper VLC via Optimization of Beamforming Vector and Spatial Position","display_name":"Relay-Aided Physical Layer Security in Multi-Eavesdropper VLC via Optimization of Beamforming Vector and Spatial Position","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-09-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4414463393","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2025.3613930"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lwc.2025.3613930","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2025.3613930","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2500830676","display_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","issn_l":"2162-2337","issn":["2162-2337","2162-2345"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013073825","display_name":"Kun Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4602-9100"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3131625388","display_name":"University Town of Shenzhen","ror":"https://ror.org/05f5j6225","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3131625388"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kun Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ubiquitous Data Enabling and RISC-V International Open Source Laboratory and the Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China","Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ubiquitous Data Enabling and RISC-V International Open Source Laboratory, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4602-9100","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ubiquitous Data Enabling and RISC-V International Open Source Laboratory and the Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3131625388"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ubiquitous Data Enabling and RISC-V International Open Source Laboratory, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3131625388"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108047157","display_name":"Yuhan Dong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5275-1787"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3131625388","display_name":"University Town of Shenzhen","ror":"https://ror.org/05f5j6225","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3131625388"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuhan Dong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ubiquitous Data Enabling and RISC-V International Open Source Laboratory and the Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China","Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ubiquitous Data Enabling and RISC-V International Open Source Laboratory, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5275-1787","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ubiquitous Data Enabling and RISC-V International Open Source Laboratory and the Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3131625388"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ubiquitous Data Enabling and RISC-V International Open Source Laboratory, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3131625388"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036182509","display_name":"Xinchun Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5245-940X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3131625388","display_name":"University Town of Shenzhen","ror":"https://ror.org/05f5j6225","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3131625388"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinchun Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ubiquitous Data Enabling and RISC-V International Open Source Laboratory and the Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China","Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ubiquitous Data Enabling and RISC-V International Open Source Laboratory, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5245-940X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ubiquitous Data Enabling and RISC-V International Open Source Laboratory and the Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3131625388"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ubiquitous Data Enabling and RISC-V International Open Source Laboratory, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3131625388"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100403297","display_name":"Jian Song","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6066-9510"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3131625388","display_name":"University Town of Shenzhen","ror":"https://ror.org/05f5j6225","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3131625388"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jian Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ubiquitous Data Enabling and RISC-V International Open Source Laboratory and the Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China","Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ubiquitous Data Enabling and RISC-V International Open Source Laboratory, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6066-9510","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ubiquitous Data Enabling and RISC-V International Open Source Laboratory and the Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3131625388"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ubiquitous Data Enabling and RISC-V International Open Source Laboratory, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3131625388"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100363146","display_name":"Xiao\u2013Ping Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5241-0069"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3131625388","display_name":"University Town of Shenzhen","ror":"https://ror.org/05f5j6225","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3131625388"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiao-Ping Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ubiquitous Data Enabling and RISC-V International Open Source Laboratory and the Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China","Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ubiquitous Data Enabling and RISC-V International Open Source Laboratory, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5241-0069","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ubiquitous Data Enabling and RISC-V International Open Source Laboratory and the Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3131625388"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shenzhen International Graduate School, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ubiquitous Data Enabling and RISC-V International Open Source Laboratory, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3131625388"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3131625388"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4626,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.67913266,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"12","first_page":"4107","last_page":"4111"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10232","display_name":"Optical Network Technologies","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10232","display_name":"Optical Network Technologies","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10851","display_name":"Optical Wireless Communication Technologies","score":0.9926999807357788,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11429","display_name":"Semiconductor Lasers and Optical Devices","score":0.9897000193595886,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-layer","display_name":"Physical layer","score":0.7548999786376953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beamforming","display_name":"Beamforming","score":0.6783999800682068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/relay","display_name":"Relay","score":0.6606000065803528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/position","display_name":"Position (finance)","score":0.5911999940872192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scheme","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","score":0.5759000182151794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blocking","display_name":"Blocking (statistics)","score":0.5349000096321106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/visible-light-communication","display_name":"Visible light communication","score":0.5252000093460083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/jamming","display_name":"Jamming","score":0.4569999873638153}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7663000226020813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19247436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192727","display_name":"Physical layer","level":3,"score":0.7548999786376953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54197355","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5782992","display_name":"Beamforming","level":2,"score":0.6783999800682068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778156585","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174053","display_name":"Relay","level":3,"score":0.6606000065803528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198082294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3399648","display_name":"Position (finance)","level":2,"score":0.5911999940872192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77618280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1155772","display_name":"Scheme (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5759000182151794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144745244","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927286","display_name":"Blocking (statistics)","level":2,"score":0.5349000096321106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160487672","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1426313","display_name":"Visible light communication","level":3,"score":0.5252000093460083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779079576","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17092823","display_name":"Jamming","level":2,"score":0.4569999873638153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.4381999969482422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.373199999332428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779227376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6505497","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","level":2,"score":0.37119999527931213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38369872","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7445009","display_name":"Security analysis","level":2,"score":0.3626999855041504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137836250","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q984063","display_name":"Optimization problem","level":2,"score":0.3488999903202057},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777210771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4927124","display_name":"Block (permutation group theory)","level":2,"score":0.2930999994277954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555944384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q249","display_name":"Wireless","level":2,"score":0.28929999470710754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32022120","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q797225","display_name":"Interference (communication)","level":3,"score":0.2883000075817108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.2851000130176544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116390426","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187885","display_name":"Photoplethysmogram","level":3,"score":0.27959999442100525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74064498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3396184","display_name":"Radio frequency","level":2,"score":0.2630999982357025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.25450000166893005}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lwc.2025.3613930","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2025.3613930","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2500830676","display_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","issn_l":"2162-2337","issn":["2162-2337","2162-2345"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":12,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2105935781","https://openalex.org/W2144007657","https://openalex.org/W2492346940","https://openalex.org/W2523122228","https://openalex.org/W2891198854","https://openalex.org/W2900195926","https://openalex.org/W3214655334","https://openalex.org/W4250589301","https://openalex.org/W4377001553","https://openalex.org/W4399347188","https://openalex.org/W4405717859","https://openalex.org/W4410028538"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"propose":[1],"a":[2],"novel":[3],"relay-aided":[4],"physical":[5],"layer":[6],"security":[7,48,98],"scheme":[8,92],"for":[9],"multi-eavesdropper":[10],"visible":[11],"light":[12,30,83],"communication.":[13],"When":[14],"eavesdroppers":[15,36],"outnumber":[16],"relays,":[17],"we":[18,71],"strategically":[19],"position":[20],"relays":[21,51],"to":[22,32,54,62,76,85],"prioritize":[23],"blocking":[24],"line-of-sight":[25],"(LoS)":[26],"paths":[27,80],"from":[28,81],"the":[29,33,64,82],"source":[31,84],"subset":[34],"of":[35,45],"with":[37,58],"stronger":[38],"interception":[39],"capabilities,":[40],"ingeniously":[41],"transforming":[42],"potential":[43],"limitations":[44],"obstacles":[46],"into":[47],"advantages.":[49],"Subsequently,":[50],"are":[52],"designed":[53],"broadcast":[55],"jamming":[56],"signals,":[57],"beamforming":[59],"vector":[60],"optimized":[61],"minimize":[63],"sum":[65],"signal-to-interference-plus-noise-ratio":[66],"at":[67],"remaining":[68],"eavesdroppers.":[69,86],"Conversely,":[70],"solely":[72],"determine":[73],"relay":[74],"placement":[75],"obstruct":[77],"all":[78],"LoS":[79],"Numerical":[87],"results":[88],"demonstrate":[89],"that":[90],"our":[91],"significantly":[93],"outperforms":[94],"traditional":[95],"schemes":[96],"in":[97],"capacity.":[99]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
