{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4413155729","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2025.3597799","title":"Dual-Satellite Beam Illuminating Strategy for Load-Balanced LEO Beam Hopping Systems","display_name":"Dual-Satellite Beam Illuminating Strategy for Load-Balanced LEO Beam Hopping Systems","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-08-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4413155729","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2025.3597799"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/lwc.2025.3597799","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2025.3597799","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2500830676","display_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","issn_l":"2162-2337","issn":["2162-2337","2162-2345"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073405064","display_name":"Songsong Cai","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Songsong Cai","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101092691","display_name":"Feng Jiang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180662265","display_name":"China Mobile (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/05gftfe97","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180662265"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Feng Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wireless Network Department, China Mobile Design Institute, Beijing, China","China Mobile Design Institute, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wireless Network Department, China Mobile Design Institute, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180662265"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"China Mobile Design Institute, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180662265"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102207989","display_name":"Likun Zhu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180662265","display_name":"China Mobile (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/05gftfe97","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180662265"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Likun Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Wireless Network Department, China Mobile Design Institute, Beijing, China","China Mobile Design Institute, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wireless Network Department, China Mobile Design Institute, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180662265"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"China Mobile Design Institute, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180662265"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101606331","display_name":"Cheng Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7404-8785"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cheng Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035330688","display_name":"Xiaoyan Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7205-7503"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoyan Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100432924","display_name":"Weidong Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0343-9559"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139759216","display_name":"Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications","ror":"https://ror.org/04w9fbh59","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weidong Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electronic Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Engineering, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5073405064"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139759216"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.26167934,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"11","first_page":"3545","last_page":"3549"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12042","display_name":"Satellite Communication Systems","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12042","display_name":"Satellite Communication Systems","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12449","display_name":"Spacecraft Design and Technology","score":0.9952999949455261,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11946","display_name":"Antenna Design and Optimization","score":0.9689000248908997,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beam","display_name":"Beam (structure)","score":0.6262636780738831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite","display_name":"Satellite","score":0.5954996347427368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dual","display_name":"Dual (grammatical number)","score":0.510249137878418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5024127960205078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/communications-satellite","display_name":"Communications satellite","score":0.47808289527893066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-hopping-spread-spectrum","display_name":"Frequency-hopping spread spectrum","score":0.4748140573501587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.43475258350372314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.4172621965408325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.39044883847236633}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168834538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3705329","display_name":"Beam (structure)","level":2,"score":0.6262636780738831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.5954996347427368},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780980858","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q110022","display_name":"Dual (grammatical number)","level":2,"score":0.510249137878418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5024127960205078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121308736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q149918","display_name":"Communications satellite","level":3,"score":0.47808289527893066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122962297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1136013","display_name":"Frequency-hopping spread spectrum","level":2,"score":0.4748140573501587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.43475258350372314},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.4172621965408325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.39044883847236633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124952713","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8242","display_name":"Literature","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/lwc.2025.3597799","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2025.3597799","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2500830676","display_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","issn_l":"2162-2337","issn":["2162-2337","2162-2345"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.6600000262260437}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5853829045","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CX20242028","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8176040105","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62371054","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":6,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W4312695084","https://openalex.org/W4392309268","https://openalex.org/W4402041315","https://openalex.org/W4402351620","https://openalex.org/W4405232169","https://openalex.org/W4405303730"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3206590532","https://openalex.org/W2964896171","https://openalex.org/W2350907591","https://openalex.org/W2333832027","https://openalex.org/W2033038403","https://openalex.org/W2349586015","https://openalex.org/W2160808756","https://openalex.org/W2028190576","https://openalex.org/W4206958678","https://openalex.org/W2373343648"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"the":[1,131],"rapid":[2],"expansion":[3],"of":[4,136],"low":[5],"Earth":[6],"orbit":[7],"(LEO)":[8],"satellite":[9,28,70,97],"constellations,":[10],"ground":[11],"user":[12],"populations":[13],"exhibit":[14],"spatiotemporal":[15],"heterogeneity":[16],"in":[17,63,134],"service":[18],"demands.":[19],"Traditional":[20],"beam":[21],"hopping":[22],"(BH)":[23],"strategies,":[24],"where":[25],"a":[26,48,73,86,119],"single":[27],"illuminates":[29],"one":[30],"cell":[31,145],"per":[32],"time":[33],"slot,":[34],"suffer":[35],"from":[36],"throughput":[37],"bottlenecks":[38],"due":[39],"to":[40,54,77,95],"bandwidth":[41],"and":[42,100,112,140,142],"power":[43],"constraints.":[44],"This":[45],"letter":[46],"proposes":[47],"Dual-Satellite":[49],"Beam":[50],"Illuminating":[51],"Strategy":[52],"(DSBIS)":[53],"address":[55],"this":[56],"challenge.":[57],"By":[58],"leveraging":[59],"angular":[60],"isolation":[61],"inherent":[62],"user-side":[64],"phased":[65],"array":[66],"antennas,":[67],"DSBIS":[68,129],"selects":[69],"pairs":[71],"within":[72],"cell\u2019s":[74],"visible":[75],"range":[76],"enable":[78],"full-frequency":[79],"reuse":[80],"while":[81],"confining":[82],"inter-beam":[83],"interference":[84],"below":[85],"6%":[87],"noise":[88],"floor":[89],"threshold.":[90],"We":[91],"establish":[92],"geometric":[93],"models":[94],"derive":[96],"selection":[98],"criteria":[99],"validate":[101],"feasibility":[102],"using":[103],"Starlink":[104],"constellation":[105],"parameters.":[106],"Furthermore,":[107],"we":[108],"define":[109],"hotspot":[110,144],"cells":[111],"develop":[113],"load-balancing":[114],"algorithm":[115],"as":[116,118],"well":[117],"BH":[120],"pattern":[121],"design":[122],"based":[123],"on":[124],"DSBIS.":[125],"Simulations":[126],"demonstrate":[127],"that":[128],"outperforms":[130],"benchmark":[132],"algorithms":[133],"terms":[135],"load":[137],"balancing,":[138],"throughput,":[139],"delay,":[141],"enhances":[143],"satisfaction":[146],"rates.":[147]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}